"If you listen, you will die at dusk." The word "smell" here should have the same meaning as the word "smell" in "Don't invite Wen Da as a vassal" in Liezi. The smell here means that fame is reused by rulers.
Confucius just said, "He who listens to the Tao dies in the evening." It seems that you can't convince everyone, so he went on to say, "A scholar should aim at Tao, and a person who is ashamed of food and clothing is enough to discuss." This is the origin of the word "Tao".
The word "Tao" in "Scholar is Tao" has the same meaning as "Wen Chao Tao". The "Tao" here refers to the political ideal, that is, benevolent government.
To sum up, it is easy for us to know that "smell in the morning and die at night." If in a country, if a person can realize the ideal he has always adhered to in the morning. Implemented his own political idea (benevolent government), so it was worthwhile for him to die at night.
Here, the word "knowing the truth" can never be simply regarded as "knowing the truth", which is a problem thousands of miles away.
2. Confucius said: "I heard the Tao and died in the evening. You know something about The Analects of Confucius and Confucianism. This sentence is much easier to understand.
Confucius pursued "benevolent governance" and "moral governance" all his life, hoping to "govern the country with courtesy" and claimed to be Zhou Li's successor. However, he was frustrated all his life. Although he travels around the world, no country is really willing to adopt his political views and put them into practice.
Although Confucius had many excellent disciples and was very successful as an educator, we can say that Old Master Q failed all his life as far as "benevolent government" is concerned.
Confucius was very depressed. Seeing that no monarch was willing to adopt his idea of "benevolent governance", he sighed, "If you listen to Taoism, you will die in the evening." So I think the "Tao" here should be "benevolent government", which means that if I hear that a country has implemented "benevolent government" in the morning and died at night, I will be satisfied.
Along with this sentence, there is another sentence: "Tao cannot be done, but floats on the sea", and the Tao here also means "benevolent government" This sentence means that if the "benevolent policy" I pursue cannot be implemented on earth, then I am willing to drift to the sea on a bamboo raft and live in seclusion.
Combining these two sentences, it is easy to understand why Confucius sighed so much here.
3. Smell in the morning and you can die at night: smell at night and you can die at night!
There are many explanations for this sentence in The Analects of Confucius:
one
The Analects of Confucius is about cultivating people. Benevolence is the core of Confucius' thought, and only the benevolent loves others, which is his political ideal of running around all his life. It can be seen that it is very important for the princes of Confucius to adopt his benevolent policies.
"If you listen, you will die at dusk." The word' smell' here means that fame is reused by the rulers.
Confucius just said, "He who listens to the Tao dies in the evening." It seems that you can't convince everyone, so he went on to say, "A scholar should aim at Tao, and a person who is ashamed of food and clothing is enough to discuss." This is the origin of the word "Tao".
The word "Tao" in "Scholar is Tao" has the same meaning as "Wen Chao Tao". The "Tao" here refers to the political ideal, that is, benevolent government.
To sum up, it is easy for us to know that "smell in the morning and die at night." If in a country, if a person can realize the ideal he has always adhered to in the morning. Implemented his own political idea (benevolent government), so it was worthwhile for him to die at night.
Here, the word "knowing the truth" can never be simply regarded as "knowing the truth", which is a problem thousands of miles away.
two
This sentence is the first article in The Analects of Confucius, after the three "not as well" general programs. The so-called "smell, see, learn and do" and "the way of a saint" must first "smell its way". If you don't know Tao, there is no reason to "learn from time to time." But this sentence, which is familiar to almost everyone in China, is often interpreted as "it's worthwhile to die at night when you hear it in the morning". If it is really "hearing in the morning and dying at night", even if it is worthwhile, it is also a private road. If you can't benefit others' private roads, what's worth it? These specious explanations, which have been circulated for thousands of years, completely violate the spirit of Confucianism and the Analects of Confucius.
In fact, "death" does not mean death, but "persistence". The so-called "persistence" means "commitment". And "morning and evening" is not a simple "morning and evening", but should be viewed from the perspective of "heaven" and "heaven, earth and people", which represents the beginning and end of time. Starting from "learning its way", we will continue to "stick to" and "undertake" the journey of "the way of saints" until we finally reach "an irreversible world; From the perspective of "land", it represents "East and West" and all parts of the whole world. No matter where the conditions are bad or superior, we should continue to "stick to" and "undertake" the journey of "sage's way" until we finally reach the "unsatisfactory world" without looking back; From the perspective of "people", the biggest promise is the promise of life and death. The journey of so-called "persistence" and "commitment" and "sage's way" will not turn back until it finally achieves "an unsatisfactory world". Only by understanding these three aspects can we truly understand "sooner or later".
The original sentence "Confucius said: Listen to the Tao in the morning and die in the evening!" Because there are no punctuation marks in ancient Chinese, sentence breaking is a big problem. This eternal saying takes "death" seriously. From the above analysis, we know that this "death" is "persistence" and "commitment", and the corresponding sentence is "Confucius: you can die when you listen to the Tao in the morning!" In fact, the word "Tao" can be omitted, because the whole Analects means the way of saints and practices the way of saints. Omitting the word "Dao" will not affect understanding, and "dying in the morning" is more in line with the tone of ancient Chinese. Just "smelling" and not "dying" can't be a way of being a saint, but only a verbal thing. The biggest drawback of corrupt scholars in history is to "smell" rather than "die", which is "persistence" and "career", but to "persistence" and "career", we must be dead set.
It doesn't matter if you listen to it and die. A gentleman should start by listening to the Tao. No matter where the conditions are bad or superior, even through life and death, he will continue to "stick to" and "undertake" the journey of "being a saint" until he finally achieves an "unsatisfactory world". Only in this way can he carry out the "sage's way".
Understanding' Tao' as' implementing one's own political opinions (benevolent government)' is not such an interpretation, which means that if you know the meaning of Tao in the morning, it is worthwhile to die that night. The Tao here is not the implementation of one's own political proposition (benevolent politics), but something that has been persistently pursued, and suddenly it is not so important. This is not for people to get, but for people to put down. The Tao here is no desire.
4. Confucius said: "People's mistakes are due to their own party. If they have seen it, they will know its benevolence. " Confucius said, "You know the truth and know your own party. If they have seen it, they will know its benevolence. " Confucius said: "People's mistakes are different. If they are observed, they will understand their spiritual realm. " Confucius said, "People who are determined to pursue the truth and are ashamed of their meagre food are not worth talking about." Confucius said, "A gentleman is lost in the world, and there is no Mo Ye, so righteousness is greater than comparison." Confucius said, "A gentleman doesn't insist on what's going on in the world, but puts morality first." A gentleman is guilty of punishment, but a villain is guilty of profit. Confucius said, "A gentleman cares about benevolence, while a villain cares about his hometown; Gentlemen care about the rule of law, while villains care about real benefits. Confucius said: "if you imitate interests, you will complain more." Confucius said, "Everyone hates people who act according to their interests." . Confucius said, "What if you can take comity as your country?" "Can't comity be the country, such as courtesy?" Confucius said, "Can you govern the country with courtesy? No problem! If you can't rule the country by courtesy, how can you implement etiquette? " The original Confucius said: "There is no place to suffer, but to stand because of suffering; Confucius said: "Don't worry about having no status, but pay attention to the status of being a man;" "Don't be afraid that no one knows you. Try to make yourself easy to understand. I am consistent. " Zeng Zi said, "Wei." When the son came out, the master asked, "What is it?" Ceng Zi said: "The only way to be a master is loyalty and forgiveness." Confucius said, "Zeng Shen! My thoughts are always based on a basic idea. " Ceng Zi said, "Yes." After Confucius left, other students asked, "Ceng Zi said," The teacher's thoughts are loyalty and forgiveness.