British territory in the southwest Atlantic of Africa. It governs Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha Islands, with a total area of 380 square kilometers and a population of 7,000 (1984), and its capital is Jamestown. St Helena is1930km away from the southwest coast of Africa, with an area of122km2 and a population of 5,500 (1984). The terrain is rugged and mountainous, and the highest point, Diana Peak, is 823 meters above sea level. Southeasterly winds prevail and the climate is mild. The annual average temperature is 265,438 0℃, with a small annual variation. Annual precipitation is 800 ~ 1000mm in the east and 300 ~ 500mm in the west. Mainly mixed-race children from Europe, Africa and Asia. Residents speak English and believe in the Anglican Church. 1502 on may 2 1 day, a Portuguese navigator passed through the island and named it after St. Helena, the mother of the then holy Roman emperor. Since 15 13, it has been the territory of Portugal and the Netherlands, and 1659 was occupied by Britain. 1815 ~1821year, Napoleon I was exiled and died here. /kloc-0 became a British "crown colony" in April, 834. It has long been an important supply station on the Atlantic route. Residents are mainly engaged in subsistence agriculture and animal husbandry. There are 2000 hectares of cultivated land and grassland, and forest land 1 000 hectares. The main crops are potatoes, vegetables and New Zealand hemp. Animal husbandry is dominated by cattle and sheep. Handicrafts include small flax processing and sawmills, as well as lace and embroidery. The total length of the highway is 84 kilometers, including 64 kilometers of asphalt pavement. Foreign relations depend on shipping. There is a submarine cable connecting Cape Town and Ascension Island in South Africa. Export hemp products, wool, etc. Imported grain, cloth, vehicles, diesel oil, etc. Jamestown is the only town and port on the island, located on the coast of St James Bay in the northwest, with a population of more than 65,438+0,800. There are small cannabis processing plants, sawmills and slaughterhouses.
2. Introduction to Encyclopedia
St. Helena is a volcanic island in the South Atlantic Ocean, belonging to Britain, with a distance of 1900km from the west coast of Africa and 3400km from the east coast of South America. St Helena and Tristan da Cunha in the south together constitute a British crown colony of St Helena. Alone in the sea. It is located at 5 45 ′ west longitude and15 58 ′ south latitude, about 1.900 km from the west coast of Africa. Area 122 km2. Population: 6,258 (65,438+0,985), mainly of mixed race. Residents speak English and believe in Christianity. Jamestown, the capital. The terrain is rugged and mountainous, and the highest point is Aktyang Mountain, which is 8 19 meters above sea level. The climate is mild throughout the year, with annual precipitation of 300-500mm in the west and 800mm in the east. The Portuguese arrived here in 1502, which is the name. Since 15 13, it has been the territory of Portugal and the Netherlands. 1659 was occupied by the British East India Company. 1815-1821year, Napoleon I was exiled and died here. It has been a British colony since 1834. Residents are mostly engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry, planting potatoes and vegetables, and raising livestock and poultry. Fishing for consumption on the island. Lace handicrafts. Import consumer goods, vehicles and fuel. There is a submarine cable connecting Cape Town and Ascension Island in South Africa. Ascension and Tristan da Cunha in the South Atlantic are also under the jurisdiction of St Helena.
South Atlantic Island, a British colony, is located 1 1,950 km (1 1,200 miles) west of the southwest coast of Africa. Area 122 square kilometers (47 square miles), the longest point from southwest to northeast is 17 kilometers (10.5 miles) and the widest point is 10 kilometers (6.5 miles). Jamestown is its capital and port. Ascension and Tristan da Cunha belong to it.
geography
The geographical location of St. Helena is15 56 south latitude and 5 42' west longitude. The area of St. Helena is 12 1 square kilometer, Ascension Island is 9 1 square kilometer, and Tristan da Cunha is 104 square kilometer.
All the islands in St Helena are volcanic islands, and the volcano on Tristan da Cunha is still active today. The highest point of St. Helena is 823 meters (Diana Peak), and the highest point of Tristan da Cunha (also the highest point of the Crown Colony) is 2060 meters (Queen Mary Peak).
St Helena has a mild tropical maritime climate, while Tristan da Cunha has a mild temperate maritime climate.
There are 40 species of plants in St. Helena that are not found anywhere else. Ascension is a breeding ground for turtles.
land
St Helena was originally a volcanic island, but the volcano on the island has become an extinct volcano. The east, west and north of the island are vertical cliffs with a height of 490? 700 meters (1, 600? 2,300 feet). The highest peaks on the island are Ackert Yongwang Mountain (820m [2,690ft] above sea level) and Diana Peak (823m [2717ft] above sea level), and the mountains form a semicircular edge in the north of Shawan. There are many canyons washed by mountains and rivers in the south of Shannan, which are deeper offshore. The island is full of springs. There are also a lot of volcanic ash and rocks. The only place where the island can land is James Bay in the northwest, from which a narrow valley with a length of 2.4 kilometers (1.5 miles) extends inland. Jamestown port and town are located in this valley.
Affected by the cool South Atlantic monsoon, the climate on the island is mild and healthy, warm in summer and slightly cool in winter. The annual rainfall at sea level is 200mm (8 inches), and the center of the island is over 760mm (30 inches). The vegetation of the island can be divided into three areas: the coastal area is desolate and stony, extending inland about1.6 km (1mile); The central region further extends inland by 0.4? 1.6 km (0.25? 1 mile), there are grass on the hillside, and there are trees such as beans, poplars, willows and Pinus densiflora in the area; The central area is about 5 kilometers (3 miles) long and 3 kilometers (2 miles) wide, and the island's native products such as palm, cedar, eucalyptus, bamboo, banana and oak are planted.
Leave the last mark of the French emperor
St Helena is about 2000 kilometers off the west coast of Africa. Because of its remote location, it was not discovered by a Portuguese navigator until16th century. 1865438+In June 2005, the all-powerful French emperor Napoleon I was forced to abdicate due to the fiasco of Waterloo. In order to prevent him from coming back, the victorious anti-French alliance countries exiled him to the remote and desolate island of St. Helena. At that time, this tiny place belonged to the British East India Company, which was sparsely populated and desolate. Napoleon and his party were placed in the "Longwood Villa" of the employees of the East India Company, and their activities were limited to the periphery of the villa 12 km. Napoleon was exiled here for more than five years and died in 182 1. The cause of death remains a mystery.
Now Napoleon's body has already been welcomed back by the French government. The graveyard by the island spring is now full of flowers and green willows falling. Many foreign tourists come here in an endless stream as a place to cherish past memories; The villa where Napoleon lived for more than five years has been well preserved and has become a holy place for history fans and military fans all over the world. There is also a chess set on display in Longwood Villa, which is a gift from a loyal subordinate of Napoleon. Napoleon couldn't put it down and played with it almost every day, but he couldn't find it until he died. There are escape maps painstakingly drawn by his subordinates in the chess pieces! In the living room of this villa, Napoleon told Amish, the British ambassador to China, perhaps the last famous saying in his life: "China is a sleeping lion, and when it wakes up, the whole world will be shocked."
Darwin praised it as "a paradise for species"
3. With Napoleon
St Helena sighs for Napoleon.
St Helena is a volcanic island in the Atlantic Ocean, located at 1930 km east of the African continent. Its rugged and mountainous terrain, a tropical maritime climate, mild all year round. Such an insignificant island is well known to the world because of its close connection with Napoleon's fate. 1865438+In June 2005, the all-powerful French emperor Napoleon I was forced to abdicate due to the fiasco of Waterloo. In order to prevent him from coming back, the victorious anti-French alliance countries exiled him to the remote and desolate island of St. Helena. After five years in prison, Napoleon ended his miserable life here.
Countless historians have completely recorded Napoleon's glory. The emperor galloped across the European continent and stood out from the crowd. He is a military genius who scares all enemies. Napoleon believes that any excellent war is a war of methods, and all great generals have made great achievements by following the art of war and the laws of nature. Some laws of Sun Tzu's Art of War can't be violated by anyone, but the old methods alone can't achieve new results, and you can't stick to the rules when fighting soldiers. Napoleon not only paid attention to using the rules used by famous soldiers in past dynasties, but also insisted on personally experiencing profound and effective tactics. Therefore, he stressed that the commander-in-chief should guide the operation with his own experience and genius. Napoleon himself was a creative, surprising and changeable artistic genius of military command.
Speaking of Napoleon, we have to mention his classic example-the Battle of Austerlitz, also known as the Battle of Huang San. It was in this battle that Napoleon used superb military art to completely defeat the powerful allied forces with the inferior French army and established his position as the overlord in Europe. Engels said: "As long as there is war in the world, people will never forget the battle of Austerlitz."
However, after Napoleon was imprisoned in St. Helena, history played a huge joke on this great man, and this military genius was finally destroyed by inertial thinking.
When Napoleon was in St. Helena, his friends secretly gave him a precious ivory chess. Napoleon liked this gift very much and spent time practicing chess every day. After his death, this chess set was auctioned at a high price. After a long time, a collector happened to find that chess pieces could be opened from the bottom. When he opened it, he was surprised to find a detailed map of how to escape from St. Helena!
Imagine that if Napoleon, with his keen military attainments, broke the inertia thinking that chess was only an entertainment tool, he would have discovered this map long ago and probably escaped from St. Helena. With his ambition and genius, he should make a comeback, sweep the European continent again with great boldness of vision and rewrite history. Unfortunately, Napoleon only used chess as a game of chess, which failed to live up to the ingenuity of his friends and finally died alone on St. Helena.
Times have changed. After 200 years, we can only follow the continuation of inertia thinking and talk endlessly about Napoleon and St. Helena after dinner. ...