I. Knowledge and ability
1. Understand Ban Gu and Han Shu.
2. Accumulate common words and sentence patterns in classical Chinese, and cultivate the ability and habit of summarizing and sorting out words. 3. Guide students to learn the skills and methods of shaping characters in this article.
Second, the process and methods
1, cooperative learning, understanding the background of the story, grasping the content of the work, summarizing the main points of the content, and cultivating the ability and habit of summarizing and sorting out common words and sentences in classical Chinese.
2. Inquiry learning, analyzing the skills and methods of shaping characters in this paper.
Third, emotional attitudes and values
Taste the historical value and literary aesthetic value embodied in the text; Learn from Su Wu's national integrity and carry forward the patriotic theme.
Emphasis and difficulty in teaching
Accumulate and summarize common words and sentence patterns in classical Chinese, and learn skills and methods to summarize the main points of content. Guide students to learn the skills and methods of shaping characters in this paper.
First, the morning self-study preview: understand the meaning of the text (combined with after-class notes and innovative design)
Second, imports:
The story of "Su Wu Shepherd" is a household name in our country. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Su Wu was ordered to defect to Xiongnu and was detained by Xiongnu 19 years. He went through hardships and persevered. For more than two thousand years, Su Wu's lofty integrity has become a model of China's ethical personality and a psychological element of a national culture. Now, let's approach Su Wu and walk into his brilliant life full of blood and tears.
Attached "Su Wu Shepherd": Su Wu Hu Jie does not humiliate the country! Ice and snow, suffering 19 years. Longing for snow, longing for blankets, herding sheep in Beihai. The heart was in the Han dynasty and has not been returned yet. I have experienced all kinds of difficulties, and my heart is rock solid. It hurts to sit in traffic jams at night. In an instant, the north wind blows and geese fly. White-haired girl, looking forward to her return, keeping her red makeup empty. Three nights with a dream, who dreams in two places; The sea dries up and the rocks crumble, and the big festival does not lose money. Finally, the Huns were shocked and heartbroken and took Han Dewei away.
Third, the author's works and background.
1. About the author: courseware
Ban Gu, Zi, was a famous historian and writer in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Ban Gu was smart and studious when he was young. At the age of 9, he was able to write articles and recite poems. /kloc-at the age of 0/6, he entered Luoyang Imperial College and read widely. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, Ban Gu went to Xiongnu with General Dou Xian and served as the Central Guard. Later, Ban Gu was implicated in Dou Xian dictatorship and died in prison.
Family-Father: Ban Biao (historian and writer) Brother: Ban Chao (joined the army) Sister: Ban Zhao (continued to write Hanshu)
◆ Note: Ban Zhao is the first female historian in China. Works-History Book: Han Shu's Poems: Du Du's Poems: Ode to Historical Poems
◆ Note: The Ode to the Two Capitals: a masterpiece of Kyoto Dafu in the Han Dynasty, which is divided into two parts: Xi Fu and Dong Fu. Later, Zhang Heng's Erjing Fu and Zuo Si's Sandu Fu were influenced by it in form. Poetry chanting is the earliest five-character poem of literati.
2. Introduction to Hanshu: Courseware
Hanshu is the first biographical dynastic history in China, which records the historical facts from the first year of Emperor Gaozu to the fourth year of Emperor Wangmang. The style of Hanshu inherits the records of Shiji, but changes the book into a chronicle, and cancels the compilation of a great family into a biography. There are twelve biographies, eight tables, ten records and seventy biographies in the book, 100, with more than 800,000 words. Among them, Tian Wenzhi in Eight Tables and Ten Records was written by his sister Ban Zhao and his brother-in-law Ma Xu after the death of Ban Gu. As an independent work of dynastic history, Hanshu not only occupies an important position in China's historical works, but also has an important influence in the history of literature. In the old society, it made sense to compare "Banma" with "Han Shi".
Note: dynastic history: a history book with dynasties as the boundary, which only records the history of a certain period or a certain dynasty. General history: the historical description of each era is coherent, just the opposite of dynastic history. Historical Records records the historical facts that lasted more than 3,000 years from the legendary era of the Yellow Emperor to the era of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.
3. Introduction to the Style of China History Books: Courseware
(1) Chronological style: a history book that records historical events in chronological order. Example: The Spring and Autumn Annals (Confucius)-the earliest chronological history book Zuo Zhuan (Zuo Qiuming).
Purple Tongzhi Sword (Sima Guang)
(2) State system: a history book that records historical events in the order of countries. For example, Mandarin, the first national history book, The Warring States Policy (Liu Xiang)
(3) Biography: a history book that narrates historical facts in the form of biographies. For example, Historical Records (Sima Qian)-the first biographical history book Han Shu (Ban Gu)-the first biographical dynastic history.
The Book of the Later Han Dynasty (Ye Fan)-Biographical History 4. Su Wu Task Background: Courseware Diagram
Commentary: At the end of the Qin Dynasty and the beginning of the Han Dynasty, the Xiongnu in the north relied on its strong military strength to continuously expand its control area. In the era of Emperor Wendi and Emperor Jingdi, the Han Dynasty adopted the policy of kinship to strengthen ethnic ties. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the national strength of the Han Dynasty gradually increased. After several victories, he turned to attach importance to the alliance, hoping to relieve the threat of the Xiongnu to the Han Dynasty through the strategy of being kind and righteous. Just as the Huns Khan intended to be nice, the Han Dynasty also wanted to take the opportunity to reconcile, so he sent Su Wu to make peace with the Huns.
Fourth, exchange keywords.
1, a phonetic new word in the book.
2, model essay reading-free reading (pay attention to pronunciation, sentence interruption, tone)
3. Emphasis and difficulty-name translation.
4. Sketches of important notes.
Page 3 * * * Page 6 Hanshu is the first biographical history of China.
Fifth, the overall perception.
1. Biography is a common style in ancient books, so how to do a biography for a person? Is this a chronology of Su Wu's life events? Clear:
(1) The general writing method of courseware biography: ① Write the name, hometown and person first?
(2) Then select representative figures of typical cases in chronological order (specific materials 1, 2,3? (3) Finally, comment on the author.
Commentary: the key to understanding classical Chinese paragraphs is the material, which is the second point; And materials are nothing more than people's "words" and "deeds", that is, to see what he (she) said and did.
(2) This article is not a chronology of Su Wu's life events, only?
2. Clear your mind: Why did Su Wu go to Hu? What happened? How did it end? Please outline the author's thoughts.
Six, artistic characteristics and character analysis.
Thinking: How does the author portray the image of Su Wu? (Writing characteristics) ◆ Appropriate details ◆ Language and detail description ◆ Contrast and contrast 1, appropriate details.
(1) When writing people, there are details. Who is the hero of this article? Which characters write in more detail? Which characters write briefly? Why?
The protagonist: Su Wu.
Main figures:, Wei Law, Li Ling. Minor figures: Han emissary?
(2) The above is a detailed treatment of the arrangement of characters. In fact, this article is also meticulous and appropriate in narrative. What are the details? What has been outlined?
Details: Will Su Wuning die (Wei Li advised) and lie in the snow herding sheep? Abbreviation: Su Wu appreciates the king of war, and cattle and sheep are stolen?
(3) This article describes in detail the surrender of Lv Wei and Li Ling. Why does the author handle it this way? What is his intention? Ming: And Li Ling's exhortation to Sue can best show integrity. The so-called "real gold is not afraid of fire." In the face of threats and death threats, many so-called heroes failed to stand the test and surrendered. Only Su Wu has always believed in rock-solid, would rather die than surrender and be faithful.
(4) Role: Highlight the theme, Su Wu's lofty national integrity, strong patriotism and indomitable spirit of struggle.
2. Describe the characters in words and details.
① Language description focuses on "trial" and "persuasion". For example, "If you are born, how can you return to Han?" Draw your sword and stab yourself.
Wu scolded Shangguan and said, "Women are all courtiers, regardless of affection? The disaster of the Huns began with me. " (2) Details, such as:
/kloc-the 0/9-year-old Wuliu Xiongnu began to grow strong and came back with white hair.
For example, when Su Wu stabbed himself, he was placed on a warm fire in the basement, "bleeding on his back and dying", full of tragic colors. The reactions of people around you are "protect the law and hold your arms", "wait for you to cry and go back to camp" and "wholeheartedly". The detailed description of this shock, a cry and a strength fully set off Su Wu's clank and noble sentiment.
Since Wu went into the sea and couldn't eat any more, he dug wild rats to eat grass. Sheep herding in the Han festival, lying up and exercising, the festival will fall down. ③ Summary picture: What kind of Su Wu have we seen?
Loyalty, patriotism, unyielding, humble, unswerving and indomitable?
3. Contrast and contrast: What characters in Su Wu's personality played the role of contrast and contrast? Try to make a simple analysis: John Zhang's greed for death-Su Wu's righteous defense of the law betrays the country and seeks glory-Su Wu's moral integrity, Li Ling's personal care-Su Wu's loyal monarch serves the country ◆ Explanation:
① John Zhang: He foolishly helped Gou Jian, the King of Yue, to rebel, but when it was exposed, he could not stand the test and defected and surrendered. Su Wu: A clear understanding.
The misconduct of the envoys will cause disputes between the two countries, and they want to die. Facing the persuasion of Xiongnu, he always maintained a valuable national integrity.
(2) Protecting the law: betraying the country for glory, sinister, arrogant and arrogant. Su Wu: Serve the country, be loyal to your duties, be neither humble nor supercilious, and be upright.
③ Li Ling: Rebellious, cowardly, weak-willed, contradictory and painful for his own self-interest. Su Wu: Focus on national interests, be faithful, persevere, and have no regrets.
④ Summary: Under the contrast of all kinds of characters, we can see a plump and three-dimensional Su Wu, who has a distinct diplomatic consciousness, treats people with no supercilious attitude, and persists in the face of coercion and inducement for 19 years. Su Wu's characters are more fascinating and immortal than those who bend or fall! courseware
"Wealth can't be immoral, poverty can't move, and power can't bend. This is called a gentleman. " -Mencius VII. Reading development
1, Su Wu insisted on national integrity in Xiongnu 19 years, what did he rely on? Clear:
Lofty national integrity, strong patriotic consciousness and hard struggle spirit.
◆ Faith and will
Loyalty: loyalty to the country and the nation.
2. When Su Wu entered Hu, he twice tried to lead the sword to self-determination. Later, he was trapped in a kiln and herded sheep in Beihai. He tried his best to survive. Is this inconsistent practice contradictory? Will it affect his glorious image as a patriot?
No, suicide is to express the determination not to surrender and maintain dignity. Powerful is to dispel the Huns' idea of destroying the body and conquering the will, and also to safeguard their dignity. However, the premise and pillar of being alive is still the identity of the messenger of the Han Dynasty, so he "sticks to the sheep and lies down".
3. Interpretation of Su Wu's Spirit:
courseware
Su Wu faced the temptation of "owning ten thousand people, cattle, horses, livestock and wealth", and his mind was not chaotic; Facing the hardship of "never eating", he spent nineteen years "herding sheep, lying down and doing exercises at the end of the festival". This is a kind of persistence, this persistence is called strength, and this strength is called spirit!
This is a kind of honesty! Instead of bending over! Since ancient times, our nation has had such people with lofty ideals who would rather die than surrender. Together, * * * becomes the Great Wall of Spirit, guarding the sky of our nation.
Yue Fei resists gold; In the face of the Yuan Dynasty's threats and inducements, Wen Tianxiang resolutely refused to give in and sacrificed heroically, "staying in Danxin as a history book". Yang Jingyu persists in resisting Japan in the cold and snowy northeast?
The embodiment of national spirit in various countries and the role of national spirit in a country: after eight years of anti-Japanese war, the patriotic spirit did not fall, and finally the invaders were driven away.
4. Wensu Temple
courseware
the temple of su wu
Wen tingjun
Su Wu saw Han for the first time, feeling sad and mixed feelings; Now the towering trees in the ancient temple are solemn.
The detention of the North Sea book is cut off, and the moon is above the head; The hungry sheep are back, and the vast grassland has been blackened by dusk.
Go back to your visit tower, but there is no sign; The crown sword is like life, and it is in the prime of life.
Marquis Hou Feng commemorates the emperor, who has never met his subjects; Empty to the eyes of the first emperor, lamenting the past years.
(1) Note:
①A account: Emperor Wu's account, "non-A account" means that Emperor Wu is dead. 2 Crown Sword: Point out the attire of the envoy. Ding Nian: prime of life. ③ Mausoleum: Mausoleum of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty.
(4) Passing through Sichuan: a metaphor for the lost time. From the Analects of Confucius: "The son is on the Sichuan River, saying: the deceased is like a husband." This refers to the past. (2) Translation:
When Su Wu first met Ambassador China, he was both sad and happy. Today, the ancient temple is tall and solemn. Beihai detention center was cut off, and Hu' s head was; When the famine came back, the vast grassland was already rising at dusk. Back to the DPRK, the entrance to the tower remained the same, but Li Shimin was nowhere to be seen; It is the natural and unrestrained prime of life to be ordered to send envoys to crown swords. Marquis is honored to remember Mausoleum, and the monarch and his subjects will never meet again; Crying in vain hangs the first emperor with autumn water, lamenting that the new year has passed.
Su Wu lived up to his mission and returned to his hometown. Please write an acceptance speech for Su Wu. Reference: Courseware
Su Wu, a staunch patriot, is not afraid of power, does not disgrace his mission and does not give up the direction he insists on. Fate bowed to him, darkness surrendered to him, and justice waved to him. An epic man of loyalty witnessed his noble soul on the vast grassland with his youth and white hair. With tenacious vitality and firm willpower, he built an immortal monument of patriotism on the land of the Central Plains. Nineteen years of persistence, nineteen years of faith, in exchange for nineteen years of immortality! Su Wu's persistence, Li Ling does not understand, Lv Wei does not understand, Khan does not understand. That persistence is a great interpretation of patriotism, but we remember Su Wu and history also remembers Su Wu!
In his life, the country is the most important and the self-interest in life is the least. 19 years of suffering and torture, his hair turned white and his beard grew, but he still held the Han Festival, but he still cared about his home country. A loyal and unyielding patriotic heart warms the boundless wilderness. He is indifferent to wealth and indomitable. He defended the dignity of the country with his actions.
Eight, classical Chinese phenomenon detection courseware.
With a wave of his hand, he threw a sheep whip and a gold hat mink deep into the sky; Take a bald pen, the short paper is oblique, and he is engraved with the deepest concern for the big man. On the one hand, he is a high-ranking official and generous, on the other hand, he is totally loyal: standing between forgetting and remembering, between leisure and worry, he chose to forget wealth, remember loyalty and righteousness, and draw the strongest stroke in human nature.
Holding successive festivals, he ran in the vast desert with the hope of harmony between Han and Hungary; Holding camel bells for a while, leaving the songs and dances of Chang' an for a while, and wandering in the cold sand wrapped in grass for a while; He wants to use a straight back to (drive) erect a flying rainbow across the Tianshan Mountains and communicate with the Central Plains.
Lament, when the Korean envoy failed to rebel; Righteousness, when Su Wu refused to betray the enemy; Surprised, when Khan faced this iron man who would rather die than surrender and was not moved by wealth; Insist, Su Wu raised his whip and chose to be the persistent and holy watcher of Alpine Saussurea involucrata.
The north wind is strong (bitter) and keeps company with Leng Yue and Gu Zhongyuan in the north, bearing in mind the nobleness of "being a big fellow and dying a big fellow" in the deep heart. Hu che is angry. He is dancing with Gu Zu, looking forward to the snow in the desert, forgetting the promise of "splendor and wealth, one woman sealing Hou". The cellar was cold, and he swallowed a mouthful of felt wool and turf, but his blood was boiling with an immortal belief-remembering the motherland and serving the country faithfully. Snow and ice are falling, and he loves food and wine, but his arrogance has sounded the swan song of the future-poverty cannot be moved, power cannot be bent, and wealth can still be forgotten.
What an eternal Su Wu; With his wisdom, he kept in mind his faithful faith in Khan (Korea), sang and sang in the heavy snow, sublimated the bare section into an eternal surprise, and wrote a sad song sung through the ages.
What an eternal Su Wu; With courage, he forgot the temptation of Khan's splendor, drifted away in the desert sand, fixed the bony sheep as immortal history and wrote magnificent poems.
History can't forget that between glitz and persistence, Su Wu of Beihai, an iron-blooded man exiled in the barren hills and plains, made the most perfect interpretation with unyielding and arrogant, forgetting wealth and achieving integrity; Remember the motherland and create greatness.
I understand that between forgetting and remembering, between enjoying and persisting, Su Wu, walking on the ice of hay, made the best answer with persistence and belief: wealth is just a passing cloud, and forgetting is its best destination; Loyalty is eternal history, remember that it is its spiritual home.
Zhuang zai, eternal Su Wu! Great, that shocking (shocking) forgetting! Strange, that earth-shattering memory! PANDA KID, a forgotten and remembered ode to the Millennium!
Su Wu forever.