The famous Japanese psychoanalyst Hayako and cultural scholar Mao Heche listed Ryotaro Shiba and Natsume Soseki as two great national writers in Japan's two eras. Throughout the history of modern Japanese novels, it can be said that most Japanese scholars and people agree with this view. Natsume Sasaki was born in modern times. He is not only an English scholar, but also good at haiku, China's poems and calligraphy. There are many famous people in his family, such as the famous Japanese writer Akutagawa Ryunosuke, who is also funded by him. The representative works "I am a cat" and "Heart" lashed the "money worship" which was once popular in the middle and late Meiji period and Taisho era in Japan and was seriously corroded by western material and cultural trends. The general idea is similar to a large number of critical novels that have appeared since the 1990 s, and the specific content is not detailed. And "dude" created a modern version of the samurai after the samurai class was banned. The hero is upright and upright, with clear love and hate, and values fame over money. It can be said that it is a copy of the author himself and belongs to the typical middle class from the ideological level. Of course, Xia Zhi's criticism also has the limitation of generalizing, and does not distinguish the Japanese. In fact, the upper middle class (including himself) has always maintained a high ideological quality, and there are quite a few "money worshippers" in the lower middle class, which is different from most westerners and China people now. They have a lot of money not for the ultimate material enjoyment, but for the respect of others. The main technique of Natsume's novels is "private novels", which is despised by many China novelists. The content mainly describes the dialogue and psychology of a few characters, reflects their noble character through their actions and language, and criticizes the dark side of society denounced by the protagonist. The characters in his works also have their own thoughts and personalities. Therefore, in the eyes of many naive China novelists, Natsume Sozaki is regarded as lacking imagination and being too confined to his own thoughts, but in fact, these people lack basic self-knowledge and their works are pale and artificial. In addition, Natsume Sosuke's spirit and willpower of studying hard and creating hard are also worth learning from many China literati who think they are geniuses and are unwilling to work hard. Ryotaro Shiba was born in 1923 and died in 1996. From 1956 to 1988, he published 57 novels, including 36 novels. He won almost all the famous literary awards in Japan, and also won the titles of "Cultural Contributor" (199 1) and "Japanese Cultural Medal" (1993). Ryotaro Shiba's works cover a wide range of subjects. Although he is not a historian, it is undoubtedly his historical novels that make him famous. Among them, there are mainly Clouds on the Slope, People of the Toyotomi Family, Running of the Dragon and Horse, Records of Blood and Wind in the Newly Written Group, etc. Its greatest feature is that it pays more attention to depicting the beauty and noble character of the characters, so as to weaken the right and wrong of the characters' behavior and induce readers to pay attention to the characters themselves and admire their characters while making a difference to them. The views of war and history in his historical novels have great influence in Japan. Many Japanese government officials, managers and employees of big companies and many ordinary Japanese are obviously influenced by his historical novels. In addition, although not clearly expressed, the creative works of many animation works, including their works, are of course very close to Ryotaro Shiba's thoughts. In recent years, a so-called "free historical view" that advocates a new understanding of Japanese history is also related to Sima Qian's historical novels. For example, Fujioka, a freshman professor at Tokyo University, a representative of neo-liberal historical view, admitted that Sima Qian's works were of inestimable significance to the reconstruction of history education, and called for the revision of the modern Japanese history part of textbooks with Sima Qian's historical view. A typical summary of Ryotaro Shiba's thought can be said to be the four characteristics of "Sima Historical View" summarized by Fujioka's new students: 1, healthy nationalism, "realism" with the survival and prosperity of the country and the nation as the highest goal, not superstitious about any ideology (because he saw that Japan in the 20th century was deeply hurt by the left and right ideologies), and criticism of bureaucracy. To put it mildly, just like the protagonist in Natsume Soseki's novels, most of the protagonists' thoughts in Ryotaro Shiba's works clearly represent the "strong consciousness" of the middle class, and of course they also represent Sima himself. Carefully analyze Ryotaro Shiba's method, and give a simple example. Although a person has a glib understanding of eastern and western philosophy and will recite more philosophical sayings and analyze more philosophical theories, in actual behavior, he does many things different from his own speech, or excessively demands others to respect him, absolutely believes his speech and cannot tolerate fair criticism and opinions, so his real ideological level is not much higher. Therefore, Ryotaro Shiba's technique is indeed brilliant and profound, but his antithesis is not necessarily true. For example, if someone is a despicable, insidious, hypocritical and vicious villain, what he does will definitely be for the country and the nation, but it cannot be simply said that the person who puts the interests of the country and the nation first must be right. Therefore, Sima's so-called view of history is essentially different from the "middle view" of Buddhism and the doctrine of the mean of Taoism and Confucianism. It is more like a kind of "fuzzy view", which blurs right and wrong, and determines everything simply by personality charm, rather than looking at the problem impartially with a "neutral eye". Of course, a little deeper, the so-called "middle view" is also "non-middle view", that is, "middle view is not middle view", because the concept of "middle view" indicates that there is a concept of "missing", so it is no longer a completely absolute pure "middle view", and the truly absolute "middle view" is the kind of realm that can only be perceived after becoming a Buddha. Yukio Mishima, a famous Japanese writer, criticized the inferiority of the Japanese nation even more extreme after World War II. In the uprising movement launched in 1970s, he wrote: "We saw that Japan after World War II was intoxicated with economic prosperity, forgot the foundation of the country, lost its national spirit, sacrificed everything, fell into perfunctory and hypocrisy, and automatically jumped into the abyss of an empty soul. ..... The shame of defeat has not been melted, only cheated. The Japanese themselves are also defaming the history and traditions of Japan. " It can be said that this thought, words and deeds are related to Yukio Mishima's pre-war beliefs, such as "Yamato Soul", 100 million pieces of jade to defend the country, and the establishment of the Greater East Asia * * * glory circle. However, most of the young officers and men of the Self-Defense Forces who were inspired by him were born after the war. They did not have much "Emperor worship" in their hearts, nor did they take "longwu" as their imperial belief. Mishima finally committed suicide by caesarean section in near despair, although he wanted to wake up the Japanese with his own death. However, judging from the later development of Japan, it was only a naive wishful thinking, and although there were many "civilization diseases" in Japan at that time (Mishima, as a middle class, was more sensitive and extreme than ordinary people), many problems were covered up by the dominant "club belief" (essentially the idea of "strong consciousness") until the bubble burst and the more serious financial crisis. In a word, Sosuke Natsume corrected the shortcomings of the Japanese at that time through his negative criticism of "money worship" in modern Japan, while Ryotaro Shiba guided the Japanese to correct their own shortcomings through his positive praise of human nature. Although the methods and techniques are opposite, the purpose is the same. Both of them are respected by most Japanese because they love their country and nation, and they become "national writers". However, although both of them are "national writers" and Yukio Mishima is also a well-known writer, as previously analyzed, the Japanese middle class, especially the upper-middle class and the middle class, mainly relies on the concept of "strong consciousness" that has never disappeared, not because of the teaching of these novelists, just as the Japanese middle class vigorously studied western knowledge and technology in modern times, and the key reason is not Fukuzawa Yukichi's education. Of course, these three people, including Fukuzawa Yukichi and most other Japanese scholars, belong to the middle class, especially the middle class. Although it is more noble than many (not all) Japanese, including China and westerners, it is far from the ideological height of Buddha and Bodhisattva.