Rousseau was a great French thinker, philosopher and educator in the18th century. His educational thoughts are closely related to his behavior and personality, especially his political opinions and philosophical views. He believes that all social oppression and corruption are due to the evolution of civilization; Science only shows people skills, while art only makes people flashy, depriving people of their spiritual freedom and natural development. Therefore, the progress of science and art can not only bring happiness to mankind, but also make people morally degenerate. He also believes that the root of human inequality lies in the progress of civilization. To alleviate human inequality, we must return to nature, obey the laws of nature and get rid of the shackles of society. His education follows the famous natural thought, which is the concrete embodiment of his social, political and philosophical views. He advocates that children's education should conform to nature and take children as the standard. He believes that human nature is good, and education should act according to children's inner desires without interference. Once disturbed by society, children can easily become illiberal, unequal and even sinful. Therefore, he strongly advocated that children should stay away from society, return to nature, see more and listen more in the natural environment, and not accept the influence of human beings until their understanding is developed.