1. Famous ancient poems about "cultivating virtues and cultivating people"

1. I don't dare to worry about my country even if I am in a humble position. The coffin must be closed before the matter is settled.

From "Sickness arose from the Book" written by Lu You in the Song Dynasty

The diseased bones are torn apart and the gauze cap is wide, and the lonely minister travels thousands of miles away from the river. Although I am humble, I dare not forget about my country. The matter is settled and I still have to wait for the coffin to be closed.

The gods of heaven and earth support the temple, and the elders of Beijing look forward to peace. When you start teaching, you can learn about the present and the past. You can look more closely by lighting up the lamp in the middle of the night.

Interpretation:

The patient was so weak and thin that the gauze hat on his head seemed to be too wide. He was living alone by the river in Chengdu, thousands of miles away. Although his position is low, he never dares to forget to worry about national affairs. However, if he wants to realize the ideal of unification, the coffin can only be finalized after his death.

I hope that the gods of heaven and earth will bless the country and the country. The people in the north are looking forward to the monarch day and night to personally recover the lost rivers and mountains. The spirit of loyalty and righteousness in Zhuge Kongming's handed down work "Chu Shi Biao" will last forever. If you can't sleep late at night, let's read it carefully.

2. There is no five-acre garden in Guizhining, and the original intention of reading is Yuanyuan.

From "Reading" written by Lu You in the Song Dynasty

Returning to Zhining without a five-acre garden, the original intention of reading was in Yuanyuan.

Although my eyesight in front of the lamp is not the same as before, I can still learn 20,000 words.

Interpretation:

The ambition to return home and live in seclusion would still be the same even without the five acres of farmland. The original intention of reading was for the common people. Reading under the lamp, my eyes were no longer what they used to be, but I still finished reading twenty thousand small words.

3. The cuckoo worships the tears of sorrow in the sky again, and the jingwei infinitely fills the heart of the sea.

From Huang Zunxian's "Gift to Liang Ren's Parents in the Same Year/Title to Liang Ren's Father in the Same Year" written by Huang Zunxian in the Qing Dynasty

Every inch of the mountains and rivers has gold, and who can take responsibility for the divisions and divisions.

The cuckoo worships the tears of worry in the sky again, and the jingwei infinitely fills the heart of the sea.

Interpretation:

We cherish every inch of our country's land like an inch of gold. Now that it is divided up by the great powers, who can take on the important task of saving the country from crisis? Like the cuckoo, I call for the motherland to make a comeback. I must learn from Jingwei’s spirit of reclamation and will not give up until the East China Sea is filled up.

4. There is China in the northwest of the man, so don’t shed tears by the West Bridge.

From "Jade House Spring·Xi Lin Tui" by Liu Kezhuang of the Song Dynasty

Jumping on the horse in Chang'an City every year. The guest house is like home. There is nothing to exchange green money for wine, and I can't sleep at night because of the red candle.

Yitiaojinfuji Chinese subtitles. It's rare for a beautiful woman to take care of herself. Man, there is China in the northwest, don’t shed tears beside the West Bridge.

Definition:

Riding a big horse around the capital every year, he actually regarded the guest house as his home, and his home as a boarding place. Every day he spent a lot of bronze money to buy wine and drink wildly. He idled around all day long and stayed up late with nothing to do. He lit up red candles and played dice every night, often staying up all night until dawn.

You should know that a wife's true feelings are easy to get, but a prostitute's thoughts are difficult to touch and guess. China in the northwest has not yet been recovered. A man should have the heroic ambition to regain his homeland. He should not shed a few lines of manly tears easily for the sake of a confidante.

5. Don’t let others praise you for your good color, just flow clear energy to fill the universe.

From "Ink Plum Blossoms" by Wang Mian of the Yuan Dynasty

The trees at the head of the pond where I wash inkstones all have blooming flowers with faint ink marks.

Don’t let others praise you for your good color, just flow clear energy and fill the universe.

Definition:

There is a plum tree beside the inkstone washing pond in my house, and the blooming plum blossoms seem to be dyed with light ink. It does not need others to praise how beautiful the color is, it just wants to spread the fragrance between heaven and earth. 2. Do good deeds and establish virtues.

Treat others with kindness, convince others with virtue, do good deeds and establish virtues, and serve the public.

Being virtuous and doing good deeds diligently is the first priority, enriching the people and ensuring peace of mind.

Purity lies in virtue and integrity lies in ambition. The body is upright and does not speak of self-respect.

1. Only kind-hearted people can easily accept the influence of morality. If anyone has not received a kind education, has not experienced the joy of doing good to others, and does not feel that he is a strong and brave defender of true and beautiful things, he cannot become a like-minded person in the collective. ——Suhomlinsky

2. A kind person will not destroy others to benefit himself, and a benevolent person will not endanger others to gain fame. "Ancient Ballads and Proverbs" by Du Wenlan of the Qing Dynasty

3. Moral behavior training is not through language influence, but to allow children to practice good moral behavior and overcome bad behaviors such as laziness, rashness, undiscipline, and decadence. ——Comenius

4. A bud or bud of virtue. This is the most precious virtue and the mother of all morals. This is humility; with this virtue we will Endless fun. ——Galdos

5. The virtue of good times is temperance, and the virtue of bad times is perseverance. The latter is the greater virtue.

——Bacon

6. Patriotism, like other moral emotions and beliefs, makes people noble and makes them more and more able to understand and love truly beautiful things. From the perception of beautiful things, Experience joy and do whatever it takes to manifest something beautiful into action. ——Kelov

7. Morality is an acquisition—like music, like foreign languages, like piety poker and paralysis—no one is born with morality. ——Mark Twain 3. Famous sayings about integrity, morality, and self-cultivation

1. Where sincerity leads, gold and stone will open

From "Zhuangzi Fisherman" by Zhuangzi in the pre-Qin Dynasty , which means that where a person's sincerity reaches, it can move the heaven and the earth and cause metal and stone to crack. It is a metaphor that as long as you work hard and sincerely, any difficult problem can be solved.

2. I examine myself three times in a day.

Zengzi said: "I examine myself three times in a day - have I been unfaithful in my plans for others? Have I not believed in my friends? Have I not learned to pass them on? "From Confucius' "The Analects", it means Zeng Zi said: "I reflect on myself many times every day: Have I done my best when doing things for others? Have I reviewed the knowledge taught by the teacher on time?

3. When making friends, keep your word

From Confucius' "The Analects", it means that you must be trustworthy when you speak and be decisive in doing things. When interacting with friends, you must be trustworthy and trustworthy.

4. The most important thing is to establish virtue, the second is to perform meritorious service, and the second is to establish words.

It comes from "Zuo Zhuan·Xianggong Twenty-Fourth Year" in the Spring and Autumn Period, which means that the highest priority is to establish virtue, the second is to establish merit, and the third is to establish doctrine.

5. Coming out of mud but not stained

Coming out of mud but not stained is often used to describe the nobility of lotus. Source: Song Dynasty Zhou Dunyi's "Ai Lian Shuo", "coming out of the mud but not stained" means to keep oneself pure and not to be polluted. But "getting out of the mud but not staining" emphasizes the meaning of getting rid of the mud and environmental pollution, which also shows that his character is valuable.

Baidu Encyclopedia - The Analects of Confucius

Baidu Encyclopedia - Integrity

Baidu Encyclopedia - Three Immortals

Baidu Encyclopedia - Emerging from the mud but not stained 4 . Sentences about virtue in the Analects

Original text Confucius said: "He who hears the Tao in the morning can die in the evening."

Translation Confucius said: "He who hears the Tao in the morning means he can die that night. I am willing to do so.” Comments on this passage are often quoted.

What Confucius meant by Tao is controversial in academic circles. Our understanding is that the "Tao" mentioned by Confucius here refers to the highest principles of society and politics and the highest standards of life. This is mainly from the ethical sense. The original text of Confucius said: "Those who are unkind cannot stay together for a long time." (1), one cannot take advantage of others.

A benevolent person can be kind. (2) A wise person can benefit from benevolence. " Notes (1) About: Poverty and embarrassment.

(2) Anren and Liren: Anren means to be content with the way of benevolence; Liren means benevolence only when you believe that benevolence is beneficial to you. Translation Confucius said: "A person without benevolence cannot remain in poverty for a long time, nor can he be in peace and happiness for a long time.

A benevolent person is content with benevolence, and a wise person knows benevolence. Acting benevolently only when it is beneficial to oneself.” Commentary In this chapter, Confucius believes that people without benevolence cannot remain in poverty or happiness for a long time, otherwise, they will commit crimes or be arrogant and extravagant.

Only benevolent people are content with benevolence, and wise people will also practice benevolence. This idea hopes that people will pay attention to their personal moral integrity, remain determined and maintain their integrity in any environment.

The original text of the Confucius said: "Wealth and honor are what people want. If you don't get them by the way, you can't get them. Poverty and lowliness are what people hate. You can't get them by the way." Yes, don't go. Is it bad for a gentleman to become famous? If a gentleman never violates his benevolence, he will make mistakes and become rich."

Translation Confucius said: "Wealthy and noble people are the same. Everyone wants something, but if they don't get it in the right way, they won't enjoy it; poverty and lowliness are what everyone hates, but if they don't get rid of it in the right way, they won't get rid of it. How can you be called a gentleman if you don't have benevolence? A gentleman will not deviate from benevolence for a single meal. Even in the most urgent moment, he must act in accordance with benevolence. ”

Comment on this paragraph, which reflects Confucius’s view of rationality and desire. Previous studies on Confucius often ignored this paragraph. It seems that Confucius advocated that people only need benevolence and righteousness, not profit and desire.

This is not the case. No one is willing to live a life of poverty, hardship and displacement, and everyone hopes to be rich and comfortable.

But this must be obtained through legitimate means and channels. Otherwise, one would rather stay in poverty than enjoy wealth.

This concept still has its value that cannot be underestimated today. This chapter deserves careful scrutiny by researchers.

The original text of Confucius said: "A scholar is determined to follow the Tao, but he who is ashamed of bad clothes and food is not worthy of discussion." The translation of Confucius said: "A scholar is determined to (learn and practice the principles of the sage), but he is not worthy of discussion." He also feels ashamed that he is not well-fed and well-clothed. It is not worth talking to such a person about the Tao.

”

Commentary The meaning of “Tao” discussed in this chapter is roughly the same as that in the previous chapter. Here, Confucius believes that a person who cares about personal food, clothing and other trivial matters in life will not have lofty ambitions. Therefore, there is no lofty ambition at all. There is no need to discuss the question of Tao with such people.

The original text says: "A gentleman cherishes virtue (1), while a villain cherishes earth (2); a gentleman cherishes punishment (3), and a villain cherishes it. benefit. " Notes (1) Huai: yearning.

(2) Tu: Countryside. (3) Punishment: legal punishment.

Translation Confucius said: "A gentleman misses morality, and a small person misses morality. What people miss is their country; a gentleman thinks about the rule of law, and a villain thinks about favors. ” Commentary This chapter once again mentions the two different types of personality forms: the gentleman and the villain. It is believed that the gentleman has high morals, has a broad mind, a broad vision, and considers the affairs of the country and society, while the villain only loves his country. , Small favors, only personal and family livelihoods are considered.

This is one of the differences between a gentleman and a villain. The original text said: "Tao (1) governs, and Qi (2). Punishment is used, and the people are spared (3) and shameless (4). Tao is based on virtue, and harmony is based on etiquette. There is shame and morality (5). "

Notes (1): There are two interpretations: one is "guidance"; the other is "governance". The former is more appropriate.

(2) Qi: neat, neat Restraint. (3) Avoid: Avoid, avoid. (4) Shame: Shame. (5) There are two interpretations: one is "to"; the other is "zheng". /p>

Translation Confucius said: "Use legal prohibitions to guide the people, and use criminal laws to restrain them. The people just seek to avoid being punished for crimes, but lose their sense of shame; use moral education to guide the people, and use rituals. To unify the words and deeds of the people, the people will not only feel ashamed, but also abide by the rules. ” Commentary In this chapter, Confucius cited two completely different policies for governing the country.

Confucius believed that punishment can only prevent people from committing crimes, but cannot make people understand the shameful principles of crime, and moral education is more important than punishment. It is much smarter, and it can not only make people obey the rules, but also make them feel ashamed. This reflects that morality has different characteristics from the legal system in governing the country.

But it should also be pointed out: Confucius's thought of "governing with virtue" emphasizes the importance of morality, but it ignores the role of criminal administration and legal system in governing the country.