Interpretation:

Immature girls and low-quality men are difficult to get along with. They will tease you when they are close, and they will make fun of you when they are alienated.

Source:

Confucius said: "Only women and villains are difficult to raise. If you are close, you will not be inferior, if you are far, you will be resentful." "The Analects of Confucius·Chapter 17·Yang Huo" Chapter"

Extended information:

"Only women and villains are difficult to raise" is considered to be a classic saying of Confucius who does not respect women, and some people have defended this sentence; They said that the "女" in the woman in this sentence means another word "you", and the villain means "child", but the actual translation overlaps, and it becomes Confucius' repeated words, and it also seems to be a curse. , Confucius, a literati cannot speak bluntly, nor can he be vulgar and curse people, that doesn't make sense.

In fact, compared with reality, Confucius's words are not surprising. They are just Confucius's temporary feelings as a man. It means that it is difficult to get along with the opposite sex and servants, and it does not have much profound meaning. Discourse.

Among the above-mentioned various interpretations of the chapter "Only women and villains are difficult to raise" in "The Analects of Confucius Yang Huo", the Song people's theory of "women" as a special term and the modern people's new use of the word "和" The solution is most enlightening. The word "和" in this sentence has been interpreted by predecessors as a coordinating conjunction, which is equivalent to "和". But the nouns or phrases before and after the coordinating conjunction should be equal.

"Woman" and "villain" are not equivalent nouns. "Woman" should be compared to "man", and "villain" should be compared to "gentleman" or "adult". From this point of view, it is naturally correct for Niu Duoan, Liu Zhaowei and others to deny that the word "and" in this sentence is a coordinating conjunction.

Song people logically determined that "woman" in this chapter is a specific term rather than a full term. However, "woman" as a specific reference needs to be restricted by attributives. Only by finding the restrictive attributive of "woman" can this be achieved. Chapter "women" can be implemented as a special reference. Is there any restrictive attributive for "woman" in this chapter? The author thinks there is, but the restrictive attributive is not before "woman", not the word "wei", but the three words "和小人" after "woman".

"Villain" appears twenty-four times in "The Analects of Confucius". Yang Bojun (1909-1992)'s "Analects Dictionary" thinks that the meaning is "an immoral person" twenty times, and it is interpreted as "common people" four times. . In other words, the so-called "villain" in "The Analects" basically refers to "an immoral person". The same should be said for this chapter of The Analects of Confucius.

Niu Duoan, Liu Zhaowei and others interpret the word "和" as "party and", which is refreshing. However, the author feels that it is better to train them as "the same as", "better than", "similarity" and "such". In modern Chinese, it means "the same as...", "the same as...", "similar to", and "like".

"Poetry·Beifeng·Yanqiu": "My uncle is here, my uncle is here, Mi is the same." Zheng Xuan (127-200) wrote: "The ministers of the Wei behave like this, and they are not like the uncles." Chen Tong. ""与" and "同" have similar meanings, that is, "the same as...".

"Huainanzi·Tai Clan": "Therefore, the holy master promotes the virtuous to achieve merit. It is unworthy of the master to promote what he has done and be the same."

"Guoyu · Zhou Yu Xia": "The establishment of husband's etiquette is 饫, which is just a big festival, and a small code is with Yan." Wei Zhao (204-273) notes: "With is also similar. The purpose of "Yan Ji Li" is to teach people to respect the precepts, and it is just a general outline. Therefore, there are few poems and music, few chapters and regulations, and they are all analogous. "The word "和" means "analogous".

"Zhang Zizhengmeng·Qian Shengshang": "The people are my compatriots; the things are my fellows." "I am with you" means "my kind", that is, "the same as us". As for "和" being trained as "ru", it is a common training.

"Guangya·Explanation": "Yi, Yu, Ruye." Wang Niansun (1744-1832) "Shu Zheng": They all turn with one sound. Song Dingzhi said: ""Xici Zhuan": 'Yi means Xiangye. Xiangye means likeness. 'Like' means like likeness." "Which is the same, which is the same", "Fuyu, "Yu, Ru, Ruo" are also the same as "Yu". "

Volume 1 of Wang Yinzhi's "Jing Zhuan Ji Ci": "Yu" can be trained as "Ru", then "The Analects of Confucius" means this. The "with a villain" in Chapter can be translated as "like a villain", that is, "like a villain".

Attributives in ancient Chinese are usually prepositioned, but there are also postpositions. The postposition of attributive often appears in the form of "center word + attributive + person", such as "The Analects of Confucius: Wei Linggong": "Is there anyone who can say something that can be implemented throughout his life?" "Mencius: King Hui of Liang": "These four , the poor people in the world have no complaints. ""Historical Records·Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru": "Those who ask for help to repay Qin will not get it."

"One word can last a lifetime." That is. "A word that can be used for life", "those who are poor and have no complaints" are "poor people who have no complaints", "people can make people repay Qin" are "people who can make people repay Qin", they are all based on "those who have no complaints" ” is used to mark the postposition of the attributive. However, there are also many attributive postposition documents without the word "zhe".

Only women and villains are difficult to raise - Baidu Encyclopedia