Time: Ming Dynasty

Zhang Juzheng's Works: The Remnants of Machiavellian Tactics

Zhang Juzheng's Brief Introduction:

Zhang Juzheng (1525-1582), a great uncle, was born in Huguang Jiangling, China (now Hubei Province), also known as Zhang Jiangling and "Wenzhong" in posthumous title. Politician and reformer in Ming Dynasty. Born in the fourth year of Sejong Jiajing (1525), he was smart since childhood. At the age of 12, I voted for candidates, and at the age of 16, I won the exam. In the 26th year of Jiajing (1547), he was a scholar, and he was edited by Jishi Shu to the Imperial Academy. In the first year of Qin Long, Mu Zong (1567), Juzheng was appointed as the left assistant minister of the official department and a college student of Dongge. On the "Chen Liu Shi Shu", I stated my opinions on reforming current politics. After a fierce cabinet struggle, he finally joined Gao Gong as Zaifu, a senior official and a university student in Jianjidian. In the early years of Wanli reign, Juzheng conspired with eunuch Feng Bao to chase the high arch (many scholars in modern times raised objections about conspiring with Feng Bao to chase the high arch), which was recorded on his behalf. At that time, Shenzong was young, and Zhang Juzheng was fully trusted by Li Taihou, the mother of Shenzong, the regent at that time. He presided over all military and political events, and implemented a series of political and economic reform measures in the past ten years, which achieved certain results. Zhang Juzheng has implemented a series of reform measures during his 1 years in office as Cabinet Secretary. Financially, the land was cleared, and the "one whip method" was implemented, and all the taxes and services were paid in silver. "Taicang millet can last for ten years, and Zhousi accumulated gold to more than four million." Militarily, Qi Jiguang and Li Chengliang were appointed to the north of the town, and Ling Yunyi and Yin Zhengmao were used to quell the southwest rebellion. Administratively, it implements a comprehensive examination of the name and reality, and adopts the "examination method" to assess officials at all levels. "Although it is outside Wan Li, it is pursued downwards and in the evening", and the regime is awed.

He died on June 2th, 1582 (the 1th year of Wanli), at the age of 58, and was given to Zhuguo and Wen Zhong (both of whom were later deprived). Zhang Juzheng was also the only minister in the Ming Dynasty who was awarded a teacher and a teacher before his death. It was taboo for Wanli, and was confiscated after his death, and his reputation was restored in the second year of the Ming Emperor's Apocalypse. He is the author of Zhang Taiyue's Collection, A Direct Interpretation of Books and Classics, and The Illustration of the Emperor's Mirror.

Excerpts from famous sayings of Zhang Juzheng, a politician in the Ming Dynasty

1. I like it when you like it, but I hate it when you hate it. I am United with you, so you are not different for me. -Zhang Juzheng's "Machiavellian Remnants"

2. The gentleman is in fact, not in its glory; Treat the inside, not the outside. -Zhang Juzheng's "Reading in the Imperial Academy"

3. A single spark can start a prairie fire. -Zhang Juzheng's "Answering Yunnan Governor He Laishan's Comments on Foreign Emotions"

4. Fear is thinking, and thinking is subtle; Fear is cautious, and prudence is invincible. -Zhang Juzheng

5. Employers must be tested to the end, and appointments must be made when they are appointed. -Zhang Juzheng

6. What is called immortal in ancient times? If the husband's favor is long and the valve is read, it is the glory of the popular customs, not the great cause of immortality. -Zhang Juzheng's Reply to Zhu Jinwu, Governor of Huguang, on Building a Pavilion

Jiang Ziya (circa 1156 BC, circa 117 BC), Jiang surname, Lu Shi, famous, famous, pronounced, or single-mouthed, also known as Lu Shang, alias flying bear, was born in the last years of Shang Dynasty.

Excerpt from Jiang Ziya's famous sayings:

The world is not dominated by one person, but by the world. Those who benefit from the same world will win the world; Those who are good at the benefits of the world will lose the world.

nothing new for no reason, like heaven and earth.

you can defend the country without weapons. Lei Lei is his bow and crossbow, Ba is his spear and halberd, Dai Li is his pocket, and sickle and axe are his attacking tools.

Fuxi and Shennong, teach but not punish.

winning or losing is a sign of mental foresight. If you are aware of it, its effect will be in people.

listen to the enemy when he is disturbed. Those who smell the sound of drums have horns. See the fire, sign also. Those who hear the sound of the golden iron spear and halberd are businessmen. Those who hear the whistling sound of people are also feathers. Lonely and silent, the palace is also. These five tones are also the symbol of melody.

subtle voices are all waiting outside.

The method is that the sky is clean and there is no storm. At midnight, he sends a light ride to the enemy's stronghold and goes 9 paces away, and he is always listening to the law and screaming. The sound should be managed, and it comes very little; Horn sound should be controlled, when it is a white tiger; The sound should be managed, and Xuanwu should be used; The business voice should be in charge, when it is Suzaku; The feather sound should be managed, and it should be used as a hook; Those who don't respond to the sound of the five pipes, the palace also, should take Qinglong as the pipe of the horn sound, which is the enemy Chen Mu God's use. When you are in the position of a white tiger, you will win it every day. The cover horn belongs to wood, the white tiger belongs to gold, and the wood can be broken by gold. I imitate this.

There must be five tones in the Fu Lu Guan 12: Gong, Shang, Jiao, Zheng and Yu. This is a real sound, which is not easy for generations. The god of the five elements is the rule of the Tao. Gold, wood, water, fire and earth, each with its victory. The ancients, san huang's world, nothingness, to make strong. No words, all by the five elements. The way of five elements, heaven and earth are natural. The division of six families is a subtle god.

The skill of winning by military means keeping a close eye on the enemy's opportunities, and taking advantage of them quickly and taking them by surprise after repeated attacks.

the outside is chaotic and the inside is whole. Hunger and fullness, internal essence and external dullness. One is United and separated, one is gathered and the other is scattered. Concealed plot, secret opportunity, high base, and ambush sharp people. If there is silence, the enemy does not know what I am prepared for. Want its west, attack its east.

any sage can make a difference, but the official has the material, and the sage returns. Therefore, the reward lies in the life of becoming a citizen, the punishment lies in making people innocent, and the people are rewarded and punished, and the world is transformed.

the benefits of the husband and the people are like the sun in winter and the yin in summer. From the sun in winter, from the yin in summer, come uninvited. Therefore, the way to give birth to the people, first set its interests, and the people come from it.

All the teachers, people and Chen Bing will see the clouds and show their safety, so the victory and defeat can be known reversibly.

the Lord will use courtesy to make the generals, and will be loyal to them.

those who know heaven don't complain, and those who know them don't complain. Those who plan for the future first prosper, those who plan for the future first die, and those who don't take it from heaven will be blamed.

what happened by accident? You have six guards and three treasures. Six defenders: benevolence, righteousness, loyalty, faith, courage and resourcefulness. Three treasures: agriculture, industry and commerce. Six guards are good for you, and three treasures are good for you.

according to the talent, we can find the name, choose the talent and test the ability, and the name is also true.

because of what it has done, it is flourishing. Knowing heaven above, knowing personnel in the middle, and knowing geography below, you can have a country.

the husband is the world, and the world is very one person; The country of the world is also a country of one person. Don't always have it, only the Tao takes it.

Huang Diyun gave it to the people, and he was afraid that it would not happen in the evening, so the Jin people kept their mouths shut and were careful what they said.

as a general, he was ordered to forget his home; When the enemy forgets himself.

the potential was moved by the enemy's family, and it was born between the two Chen dynasties, and the strangeness originated from the infinite source.

there is no better way to be a soldier than one. One, can go alone.

if you don't keep it secret, you will steal it from your room.

There are millet in the world, and the sage eats it; There are people in the world, and the sages accept them. Bend one person and stretch ten thousand people, but a saint can do it.

if you are heartless, the three armies will not kiss each other; If you are not brave, the three armed forces will not move.

As a general, if you don't accept fur in winter, don't fan in summer, and don't cover the curtain when it rains, you will take the first step when you get out of the pass and cross the mud.

if you don't use it, it is in the name of seeking virtue, but it is useless.

a person who knows others is not a teacher. Great knowledge is like madness. Not stupid or crazy, its name is not obvious; You can't do anything without being crazy or crazy.

orders are forbidden, so is the teacher of kings.

Therefore, to die is better than to die with joy, to die with joy is better than to die with righteousness, and to die with righteousness is better than to return to death. This is also called. Therefore, one person will die, and ten people will be able to stay; Ten people will die, and a hundred people will be able to stay; Hundreds of people will die, and thousands of people will be able to stay; A thousand people will die, and ten thousand people will be able to stay; Ten thousand people will die and run wild all over the world.

To show kindness, to fight a mighty battle, to humble its people, to train its elite, to sharpen its integrity, and to raise its spirit, it is divided into five choices. Different from its flag, don't make a mess. Strengthen its line, even its martial arts, in order to prohibit prostitution. The times of the base array, the place where the car rides, the trend of pulling troops, the laws of the army, and the number of rewards and punishments have made the scholars go to the fire, and they are trapped in the old and take the generals. Those who die are different from those who will.

if the people do not lose their jobs, they will benefit; if they do not lose their time, they will succeed; if they save their punishment, they will be born; if they are frugal, they will enjoy it; if they are honest, they will be happy. People lose their affairs, farmers lose their time, they are killed without guilt and punished, they are taken away with heavy taxes, many palaces and pavilions suffer from exhaustion of people's strength, and officials are angry with them. Therefore, those who are good for the country, control the people like their parents' beloved sons, like their brothers' loving brothers, are worried about their hunger and cold, and are sad about their labor. Rewards and punishments are added to their bodies, and they are collected like their own things. This way of loving the people is also.

All the people are happy without being hungry or cold, and the people wear their husbands like the sun and the moon, and kiss their husbands like their parents.

if you are corrupt, the country will be in danger and the people will be in chaos; If you are virtuous and sage, you will be safe and governed by the people. Fortune lies with you, not with the weather.

the country cannot be ruled from outside, and the army cannot be ruled from the inside. Two minds can't serve the monarch, and doubts can't meet the enemy.

if you win, you won't fight.

heaven will obey what the people want.

We will take punishment as a great power, and reward the small as a bright one; Take punishment as a ban and order it. Therefore, if one person is killed and the three armies are shocked, kill him; Reward one person and ten thousand people say it, and reward it. Killing a noble man, rewarding a noble man, and killing a minister who is expensive in the road are extremely severe punishments; Reward and cattle vertical horse washing stables, is also a reward. Punishment to the extreme, reward the next pass, is what Wei will do.

dispatch troops takes generals as his life. Life depends on access, not keeping a skill. Because they can be appointed, they can take their jobs and change at any time, thinking that Jigang. Therefore, there will be seventy-two people with femoral and brachial wings to cope with heaven. Prepare the numbers like the law, know the numerology carefully, and have different skills, and everything will be finished.

the important event of a country, the way of survival, lies in the life. The general, Kuninosuke, was valued by the late king.

Therefore, those who are good at serving the country should govern the people like their parents' beloved sons, like their brothers' beloved brothers, and worry about their hunger, and grieve for their toil. Rewards and punishments should be imposed on them, and they should be collected as if they were taken from themselves. This way of loving the people is also.

a husband eats his bait, which leads him to the world, while a man eats his reward, which leads him to serve you. Therefore, fish can be killed by bait. Take people by their wealth, and people can be exhausted. Take the country from home, and the country can be pulled out. Take the country for the world, and the world can be finished.

if the land is thin, big trees will not produce, and if the water is shallow, big fish will not swim.

those who are unlucky take the bait.

respect others and be close to their relatives. It is the discipline of benevolence and righteousness to respect its people and to be happy with its relatives. No one can take away your prestige, because it is clear, let it be. Those who are obedient will do it with virtue, and those who are contrary will do it with strength. There is no doubt that there is a kimono in the world.

those who get wise generals will make the country prosperous, but those who don't get wise generals will make the country weak and die.

expensive method. If you order it, it will be done, and the rule will be clear, and the general rules will benefit the people.

a gentleman must be rich, but he who is not rich is not benevolent.

those who use rewards will be trusted, and those who use punishments will be respected.

if you win, you won't fight; if you are a soldier, you won't be invasive, and you will be connected with ghosts and gods.

profit without harm, success without defeat, life without killing, peace without taking away, joy without suffering, joy without anger. Fifty-nine famous sayings of Confucius, a famous politician

One famous saying of Confucius

1. If you want to do a good job, you must sharpen your tools first-Kong Qiu's The Analects of Confucius and Wei Linggong

2. A gentleman is proud but does not fight, but does not belong to the party. The Analects of Confucius

3. A gentleman respects the virtuous and tolerates the masses, while Jiashan regrets that he cannot.

4. Dead wood can't be carved, and the wall of dung can't be smashed. What is the punishment for giving? -Confucius The Analects of Confucius

5. Listen to the Tao and say it, and abandon the virtue

6. Believe in learning, and be good at dying.

7. Confucius said, "There is no class if you teach."

8. in French, it's impossible to change it to expensive. Handle with it, can say nothing.

9. filial piety, the classics of heaven, the meaning of the earth.

1. xian zai hui ye! One scoop of food, one scoop of drink, in the mean lane, people can't bear their worries, and they don't change their fun when they go back. Xian is coming back! -Confucius "On Language"

11. an upright man is open and poised while a petty man is anxious and worried. -Confucius "The Analects of Confucius"

12. Zhilan was born in a secluded forest, not because there is no one; A gentleman cultivates virtue and does not change his faith for poverty. -Kong Qiu

13. Confucius said, "Homecoming is a thief of virtue." "The Analects of Confucius"

14. Those who are ambitious are straightforward and righteous. Watch what you say and watch what you say, and consider the following people.

15. if you are not alone, you must have neighbors. -"The Analects of Confucius"

16. Guan Yu, happy but not obscene, sad but not hurt. -Confucius "The Analects of Confucius"

17. If you don't say what you have done, don't remonstrate, let bygones be bygones. -Confucius The Analects of Confucius

18. Listen to what he says and observe what he does.

19. Do your duty and don't yield to your teacher.

2. It's easy for a gentleman to say (Yue). Saying (Yue) is out of the way, and not saying (Yue). Famous statesman Confucius' classic famous sayings II

21. I started from others, and listened to what he said and believed what he did. Today, I am a man, and I listen to his words and watch his actions. -Confucius

22. Look at what it is, what it is, and what it is safe.

23. Confucius said, "A gentleman has three precepts: when he is young, his blood gas is uncertain, and the precepts are in color; It is also strong, bloody, and it is in the fight; It is also old, and the blood gas is declining, so it is necessary to quit. " -Kong Qiu's "The Analects of Confucius. Ji's"

24. How do you know death when you are unknown? -Confucius

25. It is tolerable, and it is intolerable.

26. I'm worried if I don't cultivate my virtue, don't talk about what I learn, can't migrate if I smell righteousness, and can't change if I'm not good at it. -Confucius "The Analects of Confucius" 54. If you are thick and thin, you will blame others. -Kong Qiu The Analects of Confucius

27. Learning without thinking is disconsolate. -Confucius

28. Look at what it is, what it is, and what it is safe for. How can people be thin? -Confucius "The Analects of Confucius"

29. A gentleman is fond of virtue, but a villain is fond of soil. A gentleman is pregnant with punishment, but a villain is pregnant with benefits. -Confucius "The Analects of Confucius"

3. Ersanzi, take me as a secret? I have nothing to hide, and I have nothing to do without two or three sons, which is Qiu Ye. -Confucius The Analects of Confucius

31. -"The Analects of Confucius Gongye Chang"

32. Mencius said: "Old people are old, young people are young, and young people are young."

33. If everything is prepared, it will be established, and if it is not prepared, it will be abolished.

34. If you hear the Tao, you will die in the evening. -Confucius "The Analects of Confucius"

35. Aim at Tao, rely on virtue, rely on benevolence, and swim in art.

36. The Tao is virtuous, and it is courteous, shameful and dignified.

37. if you don't change, it is too much. -Confucius

38. -Confucius

39. Confucius said: courtesy and rudeness are tiring, caution and rudeness are embarrassing, courage and rudeness are chaotic, and straightness and rudeness are twisted. -Confucius 56, Confucius said: a gentleman is knowledgeable in the text, about the ceremony, and can also be a husband! -Confucius

4. A gentleman's trip is also based on courtesy. Shi, take its thickness; Things, for example; Convergence, from its thinness. Author: Confucius, a well-known politician, Confucius's classic famous sayings

41. If you want to stand up and be a man, you want to achieve it.

42. Never fail. -"The Analects of Confucius Yong Ye"

43. Resolute, wooden and close to benevolence.

44. "He's a human being, and he forgets his food with all his might. He enjoys forgetting his worries, and he knows how to get to Yuner. The Analects of Confucius "

45. Confucius said: