1. All the meanings of "Chi" in classical Chinese
The meanings of "Chi" in classical Chinese are as follows: 1. Implementation and progress.
For example: In the journey of the great road, the world is for the common good, select the worthy and capable, maintain trust and cultivate harmony. ——Translation of "Book of Rites": When the Great Dao is implemented, the world is owned by people, and virtuous and talented people are selected (to serve everyone), and (everyone) emphasizes integrity and advocates harmony.
2. To come out, to give birth to, to grow. For example: The branches and stems will benefit greatly, and they will have something to offer.
——Translation of "Shuowen": The branches and stems gradually grow stronger and increase in height. 3. Go, arrive, go.
For example: How about the South China Sea that I want? ——Peng Duanshu, Qing Dynasty, Translation of "A Poetry to Learn from My Nephew": I'm going to the South China Sea, what do you think? 4. Indicate people or things, equivalent to "this" or "that". For example: The tiger is happy, so he plans it.
(Z: This refers to the situation mentioned above where the donkey can only kick when it is angry.) - Translation by Liu Zongyuan of the Tang Dynasty: The tiger was delighted by this and considered the matter. .
5. A name referring to a person or thing, equivalent to him, her, it, or them. For example: Zheng merchant Xian Gao general went to the market in Zhou Dynasty and met him.
——Translation of "Zuo Zhuan: The Thirty-Two Years of Duke Xi": A businessman named Xiang Gao from the State of Zheng was going to the jurisdiction of the Zhou Dynasty to do business, and met them on the way (from the State of Qin) troops). 6. Demonstrative pronouns, equivalent to "its", "his" and "others".
For example: King Zhou ordered his mother to be executed and beheaded. ——"The Pinghua of King Wu Defeating Zhou" Translation: King Zhou ordered him to be put to death and his old mother beheaded.
7. It is used between subject and predicate structures to cancel the independence of the sentence and has no practical significance. For example: I see the teacher coming out, but I don’t see him coming in.
——Translation of "Zuo Zhuan·The Thirty-Two Years of Duke Xi": I saw the army leaving the city, but I couldn't see the army coming back. 2. Ancient Chinese translation
Pang Tong, courtesy name Shiyuan, was from Xiangyang. When he was young, he was honest and dull, and no one understood him. Sima Hui, a native of Yingchuan, was elegant and had a reputation for identifying talents. When Pang Tong came of age, he went to see Sima Hui. Sima Hui was picking mulberries from a tree and asked Pang Tong to sit under the tree. The two talked together from day to night. Sima Hui was very strange and said that Pang Tong should be the first scholar in Nanzhou, so he gradually became famous. Later, Nanzhou County appointed him as a meritorious official. Pang Tong paid attention to ethical relationships by nature and worked hard to support his parents. He said that the people he praised were actually not that good in talent. People at the time were surprised and asked him. Pang Tong replied: "The world is in chaos today. The orthodox Tao is not practiced. There are few good people and many bad people. We are correcting customs and promoting the Tao. , if you don’t say good things about them, they will not be respected by others. If they are not respected, then there will be fewer people who do good things. Now I promote ten people, five of them are incompetent, and half of them are competent, but they can also be promoted. , Isn’t it possible to encourage those who are determined to do so?” General Zhou Yu of the State of Wu helped Liu Bei capture Jingzhou, and Pang Tong became the governor of Nanjun. After Zhou Yu's death, Pang Tong escorted the funeral to Wu. Most people in Wu had heard of his reputation. When he was about to return to his post, he held a gathering at Changmen. Lu Ji, Gu Shao, and Quan Cong were all there. Pang Tong said: "Lu Ji can be regarded as a stupid horse but can run non-stop; Gu Shao can be regarded as a stupid ox but can carry heavy objects for long distances." He said to Quan Cong: "You like charity. Fortunately, he has a good reputation, just like Fan Zizhao of Runan. Although he is not very intelligent, he is still a hero. "Lu Ji and Gu Shao said to Pang Tong, "If the world is peaceful, we will definitely evaluate the world's scholars with you." Went back with a deep friendship.
Liu Bei served as the shepherd of Jingzhou, and Pang Tong served as the county magistrate of Leiyang in an engaged capacity. His county was dismissed from his official position due to poor politics in his county. Lu Su, the general of the State of Wu, wrote to Liu Bei, saying: "Pang Shiyuan is not an ordinary talent. Only if he is given the post of Zhongzhong, Biejia, etc., can he develop his talents." Zhuge Liang also told Liu Bei, and Liu Bei met with him and talked with him. He talked for a long time, valued him very much, and appointed him to govern the country. His treatment was second only to Zhuge Liang, and in the end he and Zhuge Liang both served as military advisors and generals. Zhuge Liang stayed in Jingzhou. Pang Tong followed Liu Bei into Shu.
Yizhou Shepherd Liu Zhang and Liu Bei met in Fuling. Pang Tong offered his advice and said: "Now take advantage of the meeting to capture Liu Zhang. Then you can capture Yizhou without fighting." Liu Bei said: "Just now, take advantage of the opportunity of the meeting to capture Liu Zhang." When Liu Zhang returns to Chengdu, Liu Bei wants to march north to Hanzhong for Liu Zhang. Pang Tong advises him: "Secretly select elite troops, travel day and night, and directly attack Chengdu; Liu Zhang does not want to do this." They know how to fight, but they are usually unprepared. If our army suddenly arrives, we can capture Yizhou in one fell swoop. This is a good plan. Yang Huai and Gao Pei are Liu Zhang's famous generals. They each rely on their elite troops to guard the critical moment. I have heard many times. Write a letter to persuade Liu Zhang to send you back to Jingzhou. Before you arrived in Chengdu, you sent someone to tell him that there was an emergency in Jingzhou and planned to return to rescue troops. You pretended to pack your bags and made an apparent intention to go back. ; Yang Huai and Gao Pei both admire your reputation and are happy for your return. They will probably bring a small number of cavalry to see you, so you capture them, surrender their troops, and march to Chengdu. It's a trick. Retreat to Baidi City, line up with Jingzhou, and slowly plan to attack him. This is a bad plan. If you hesitate, it will bring disaster. You can't do this for a long time.
Liu Bei felt that his trick was good, so he killed Yang Huai and Gao Pei, marched into Chengdu, and attacked all the places he passed. They gathered in Fuling, drank and had fun, and said to Pang Tong: "Today's gathering is really happy." Pang Tong said: "It is happy to conquer other countries. This is not an army of benevolent and righteous people." Liu Bei got drunk and said angrily: "King Wu defeated Zhou with singing and dancing. Isn't he a benevolent person?" What you said is wrong, get out now! "So Pang Tong got up and left. Liu Bei soon regretted it and invited him back. Pang Tong returned to his banquet without apologizing at all. He drank and ate as before. Liu Bei said to him: "Who was wrong in what you just said? Pang Tong replied: "Both our ruler and his ministers are wrong." "Liu Bei laughed, and the banquet returned to its original joyful atmosphere.
Liu Bei marched to besiege Luoxian County. Pang led his troops to attack the city. He was shot by a flying arrow and died at the age of thirty-six. Liu Bei was very He was so sad and regretful that he cried when he talked about it. He named Pang Tong's father Yilang and was promoted to the official position of Jianyi. Zhuge Liang personally appointed Pang Tong as the Marquis of Guannei, with the posthumous title of Jinghou. He was upright and simple, and looked down upon Chen Zhuan, the minister. He was suppressed by Chen Zhuan and died while serving as the governor of Fuling. Pang Tong's younger brother Pang Lin, as a Jingzhou governor, followed the Zhenbei general Huang Quan to conquer Wu. He was defeated and followed Huang. Quan defected to the State of Wei, and the State of Wei made him a prince, and his official position reached the level of Julu Prefecture. 3. Famous ancient sentences related to enterprise development
There is no... and there is no possibility of it
In ancient times. , Shang is the last people, the last one
I accidentally saw two allusions. One said that Yan Hui, a student of Confucius, was appreciated by Confucius because he lived in poverty and abided by his duties; and another of his students was appreciated by Confucius. Fan Chi was denounced as a "little man" by Confucius because he asked Confucius for knowledge about agricultural technology; another said that Confucius divided students into different levels and strictly "taught students according to their talents", and there was a gap between students at different "levels". There is not much communication.
This is evident from Confucius’s hierarchical thinking of “distinguishing the noble from the inferior and devaluing the same and the different”. In his eyes, there are strict status differences between people, and only when everyone behaves in their own way can society be in order. Orderly without falling into chaos. This reminds me of the American philosopher Ch. "W" Morris. He said in "Signs, Language and Behavior" that identity, as a reflection of the form of human social organization activities, is a kind of social organization. Typical social behavior symbols. I am used to using this as a neutral interpretation of identity. So, Confucius is obviously a bit "left".
Although it is different from the meaning of a social member's existence. It is related to the class of the place, but it is inappropriate to equate the understanding of a symbol with that of a living person. Looking back at the identity and mental journey of Chinese private business owners, it was very difficult. When they were still widely criticized, society's understanding of them was from the perspective of symbols. Now that they are regarded as the core force of China's economy, it is more from the perspective of participation in economic and social affairs.
When they emerge from the haze of a symbol, a label, and a face, private entrepreneurs can complement and blend with all social strata, and can be elected as representatives of the two sessions to participate in national affairs. For discussion and decision-making, you can stand on the university forum and make impassioned speeches like He Boquan, Liang Boqiang, and Hu Wenwen in Zhongshan, Guangdong. You can also go to rural areas to invest and build factories to share the joys and sorrows with the farmer brothers, and what the sociologist Sun Liping mentioned Different from the "oligopolization of the upper class and populism of the lower class" in Chinese society, this is a sign of social integration.
If Confucius was alive and had the opportunity to become a Confucian businessman and change his career. Looking at the addiction of private entrepreneurs, I think the internal systems and rules of "Kong's Enterprises" will definitely be very complete and extremely organized. At least the incentives and punishment measures will be clear - good employees will be called "Kong's Enterprises" by Boss Kong. "Gentlemen", while "restless" employees will be scolded as "little people". However, it is this kind of conformity that will kill the vitality of the company, because a company that operates behind closed doors, is hierarchical, and lacks communication with all walks of life , it is difficult to imagine being familiar with the market and understanding customer needs.
Naturally, the author does not dare to make fun of Confucius like Zhang Yiwu, a professor at Peking University, who said a few days ago that "one Yao Ming and one Zhang Ziyi are more effective than 10,000 Confucius books" (of course Zhang Yiwu may also Because of the special historical background and personal material, it is difficult for hundreds of schools of thought in the pre-Qin period to escape from the trap of "taking names as the leader" and "using names to name oneself". What I want to express and advocate Yes, whether there is an interactive mechanism that promotes integration among the business community, academia, and the public is one of the signs of the health of the values ??of an era.
Grasping the "degree" of interaction and integration is also a major test for Chinese private entrepreneurs. In the United States, some people summarize the various industries and occupations in society into three categories: red, yellow, and black. Red represents the official way; yellow represents the business way; black represents the academic way. The three paths are clearly distinct and do not compete with each other. Even if the path is changed midway, the game rules of the new path will be strictly adhered to. Regrettably, many Chinese private business owners wanted to test the waters in all three ways, but ended up getting their shoes wet, losing more than they gained, and even went to jail.
As the originator of "learning and excellence will lead to officialdom", Confucius naturally has a stronger habit. He was originally focused on politics. As Zhang Hengqu said in the Song Dynasty, Confucius was determined to "establish a mind for the heaven and earth, and a destiny for the livelihood of the people."
But when his benevolent path failed and his dreams could not be fulfilled as he grew old, he resolutely gave up politics and became a teacher, and spent his days in the artistic conception of "never tired of learning and teaching". Although the objective factors in this are not small, they are still worth learning from China's private entrepreneurs - although they need to integrate with all social strata, they should not abandon the basics and look at the higher mountains. 4. Does anyone have a company introduction in classical Chinese?
I hope the following article can help you. If the writing is not good, please give me some advice! !
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