Read the original text of "Loneliness and Happiness"

①The famous German philosopher Schopenhauer said: "The disadvantages of social life are deeply hidden: recreation, gossip and other ways of interacting with others Fun hides great and often irreparable harm. The first lesson young people must learn is to endure loneliness. "Because loneliness is the source of happiness and happiness."

② There are countless people in the world who call themselves happy, but not many people think that they are also lonely. "Happy" people tend to be cheerful, talkative, and sociable; loneliness seems destined to be just a term that accompanies a gloomy, unfortunate, or even deformed attitude toward life. In fact, the real loneliness is the awakening of Lu Xun's "I can't see the stars in the cold sky", it is Bruno's belief that "people in the future will understand me" before he was burned to death, and it is the inability to choose to "be born" Su Shi's nobility.

③Loneliness means being broad-minded and indifferent beyond ordinary people. It is the prerequisite for happiness.

④Loneliness is an attitude towards life that gets rid of endless boring social interactions, chatter, and mediocrity. It removes superficial glitz and pursues inner broad-mindedness and indifference. When Zhuangzi was fishing without looking back and politely refused to be the Prime Minister of Chu, what we experienced was loneliness. The world is in chaos, and all the famous people in the world have turned to their masters and put their talents to use, but Zhuangzi is safe and sound. This kind of loneliness is actually a kind of open-mindedness and indifference that transcends ordinary people. But Zhuangzi was happy. His quiet rejection brought about the loneliness of his political career, but in exchange he gained a high standard that stands in the hearts of countless literati.

⑤Loneliness allows us to have time and space for introspection, which is a condition for enjoying happiness.

⑥With the abundance of material and the impetuousness of people's hearts, more and more people are becoming more and more eager for quick success and instant benefits, the relationship between people is becoming more and more snobbish, and happiness is getting further and further away from us. Confucius said: "A gentleman who is knowledgeable and examines himself every day will know clearly and act without fault." All the wise words in "The Analects" are the self-reflection of the lonely and troubled Kong Zhongni. When you are alone, you have time and space to think about life and pursue the value of your life. Only then can you stay away from the hustle and bustle, look into your own heart, stay calm and calm, and see your direction clearly. This is the condition for enjoying happiness.

⑦Loneliness requires us to keep an appropriate distance from reality. It is a way to enjoy happiness.

⑧Keep an appropriate distance from reality and open up a small lonely world of your own. Do as many things as you want to do, expand your imagination and creativity that have been limited, and no longer be disturbed by mediocre things. Dai Wangshu, a representative modernist poet, wrote about the loneliness and loneliness of "sitting at night and listening to the wind, sleeping at night and listening to the rain" in his collection of poems "The Years of Disaster". This kind of loneliness is a happy state, which made him realize that "however the moon is missing, the sky is How old”. Far away from reality, your situation is lonely, but your heart is peaceful and fulfilling. Your heart no longer cries because of loneliness, but reflects the light of happiness because of loneliness.

⑨Facing reality, today’s young generation, as only children, undoubtedly often have a lonely mentality. They have given themselves a name called “angry youth”. Some young people find happiness in playing games online, they find happiness in fighting and causing trouble, and some even take pride in taking drugs and killing people. They have lost the feeling of happiness because of loneliness, and then their mentality is unbalanced and they have nowhere to vent. This is undoubtedly a great sadness.

⑩ So face loneliness and enjoy happiness! This kind of loneliness is not a passive retreat from the world or self-isolation, but the loneliness of "I am sober when everyone is drunk", a kind of broad-minded loneliness, great loneliness. Facing loneliness is not only a philosophical speculation, but also a perception of life and a pursuit of true happiness.

Reading Exercises for "Loneliness and Happiness"

15. What is the purpose of quoting Schopenhauer at the beginning of the article? (3 points)

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16. Analyze the argumentation ideas in sections 1 to 8 of the article. (4 points)

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17. What is the function of section 9 of the article? (3 points)

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18. After reading the short article, what new understandings do you have about what "loneliness" is and its role? (4 points)

Reading answers to "Loneliness and Happiness"

15. Emphasis on "Loneliness" among teenagers The importance of "bearing loneliness"; leads to the central argument of the article: loneliness is the source of happiness and peace; stimulates readers' interest in reading.

16. At the beginning, it quotes Schopenhauer's famous sayings to introduce the author's point of view, and then discusses the relationship between loneliness and happiness from three aspects: what is loneliness, why to be lonely, and how to achieve loneliness.

17. Section 9 is related to the reality of life and discusses the harm of not treating loneliness correctly from the negative side. It plays a supplementary argument to the central argument and makes the argument more rigorous.

18. True loneliness means broad-mindedness and indifference beyond ordinary people; loneliness allows us to have the time and space to reflect on life, to pursue the value of our own life.

Look into your own heart, stay calm and calm, and see your direction clearly