Chapter 1 Meet C 16
1. 1 C language introduction 17
1. 1. 1 programming language introduction 17
1. 1.2 generation c language 18
Characteristics of 1. 1.3 C language 19
1.2 reasons for choosing C language 2 1
The development trend of 1.2. 1 C language
1.2.2 C language success story 23
Application fields of 1.2.3 C language 25
1.3 How to learn 25 well
1.3. 1 Establishing learning attitude 26
1.3.2 lay a solid foundation 26
1.3.3 Ask more questions and communicate more 26
1.3.4 Develop good programming habits 27
1.3.5 think more about it.
1.3.6 mastering learning methods 27
1.4 Summary of this chapter 28
The second chapter C language programming preparation 29
2. 1 programming format 30
A simple c program
2. 1.2 identifiers and keywords 34
2.2 Development environment 37
2.2. 1 Turbo C 2.0 38
Visual C++ 6.0 42
2.3 A complete C program 48
2.4 Practice Exercise 52
2.4. 1 Write a simple C program 52
2.4.2 Familiar with development tools 53
2.5 Overview of this chapter 53
Chapter III The Soul of C Language-Algorithm 54
3. 1 Basic concept of algorithm 55
3. 1. 1 Features of the algorithm 55
3. Advantages and disadvantages of1.2 algorithm 57
3.2 Describe Algorithm 57
3.2. 1 natural language 58
3.2.2 Describe the flow chart 58
Draw N-S flow chart 64
Pseudo code 68
3.3 Overview of this chapter 69
Chapter 4 Constants and Variables 70
4. 1 Understanding data type 7 1
4.2 Interpretation of Constant 72
4.2. 1 integer constant 72
4.2.2 Real constant 75
4.2.3 Character constant 76
4.2.4 escape character 80
Symbolic constant 8 1
4.2.6 scene application 1: output "I love c" 82 with putchar function.
4.2.7 Scenario Application 2: printf function combined with escape character 83
4.3 Variables 83
4.3. 1 integer variable 84
4.3.2 Scenario Application: Find out the total amount spent on buying fruit 86
Real variable 87
4.3.4 Character variables 89
4.4 Master the mixing operation 9 1
4.5 actual combat exercises 93
4.5. 1 Use printf statement to output variable 93
4.5.2 Using Character Variables to Output String 94
4.6 Overview of this chapter 94
Chapter 5 Expressions and Operators 95
5. Interpretation of1expression 96
5.2 Assignment Operators and Assignment Expressions 98
A variable with an initial value of 98
5.2.2 Automatic type conversion 100
5.2.3 Forced type conversion 100
5.3 Master arithmetic operators and expressions 102
5.3. 1 arithmetic operator 102
5.3.2 Arithmetic expression 102
5.3.3 Priority and combination 104
5.3.4 Self-increasing and Self-decreasing Operator 105
5.3.5 Scenario application: Find the values of four variables after operation, 107.
5.4 Understanding relational operators and expressions 108
5.4. 1 relational operator 108
5.4.2 relational expression 109
5.4.3 Priority and combination 1 10
5.5 Interpretation of logical operators and expressions 1 1 1
5.5. 1 logical operator11/
Logical expression 1 12
5.5.3 Priority and combination 1 12
5.6 Use bitwise logical operators and the expression 1 13.
5.6. 1 bitwise logical operator 1 14
5.6.2 Bit Logical Expression 1 14
5.7 Introduce comma operator and expression 1 14.
5.8 Use the compound assignment operator 1 16.
5.9 Judgment condition operator 1 17
5. 10 Understanding the priority and combination of operators 1 18
5. 1 1 practical exercise 1 19
5. 1 1. 1 Find the calculation result with compound assignment operator 1 19.
5. 1 1.2 Find the calculation result of 120 with the self-increasing and self-decreasing operator.
5. 1 1.3 Write a simple program for calculating overtime pay 12 1.
5. 12 Overview of this chapter 122
Chapter VI Input and Output Functions 123
6. 1 explanation statement 124
6. 1. 1 expression statement 124
6. 1.2 empty sentence 124
6. 1.3 composite report 124
6.2 Input and output character data 125
6.2. 1 output character data 125
6.2.2 Input character data 126
6.2.3 Scenario application: use the getchar function to cancel obtaining the Entet key 127.
6.3 Input and output strings 128
6.3. 1 Use string output function 128.
6.3.2 Mastering the function of string input 130.
6.4 Introduce the format output function 13 1
6.5 Interpretation of format input function 134
6.6 Application Sequence Programming 138
6.7 Practice 14 1
6.7. 1 Convert input lowercase characters into uppercase characters 14 1.
6.7.2 Simulated Salary Calculator 142
6.7.3 Input and output the old saying 142.
6.8 Overview of this chapter 143
Chapter 7 Select Structure Programming 144
7. 1 if choice statement 145
7.2 DIFferent forms of if statements 145
7.2. 1 single conditional single branch if statement 146
7.2.2 Single conditional double-branch if statement 149
7.2.3 Multi-conditional multi-branch if statement 153
7.2.4 Scenario application: Enter the character type of numerical check 156.
7.3 master the nested form of if statement 157
7.4 Pay attention to the common mistakes of if statement 160.
7.4. 1 Precautions for using semicolons
7.4.2 Precautions for Conditional Placement 16 1
7.4.3 Matters needing attention in pairing if and else 162
Importance of support 162
7.5 Judgment Branch Selection Switch Statement 163
7.5. Basic form of1switch statement 163
7.5.2 Switching statement of multi-channel switching mode 167
7.6 Distinguish if…else statement from switch statement 169
7.7 Apply the selection structure program 17 1
7.8 Practice 173
7.8. 1 Calculate the function and get the value of y 173.
7.8.2 Output the maximum number of three variables, 174.
7.8.3 Calculate the increased salary 175.
7.9 Overview of this chapter 175
Chapter 8 Loop statement 176
8. 1 Writing Loop Statements 177
8.2 execute while loop 177
8.2. General form of1while loop statement 178
8.2.2 Scenario application: Find the sum of all positive integers in the value 180.
8.2.3 Avoid infinite loop of while loop statement 182.
8.2.4 Understanding the empty loop body of the while loop statement 183
8.2.5 Pay attention to the common error 183 in the while loop statement.
8.3 Interpretation of the for loop statement 185
8.3. General form of1for loop statement 185
8.3.2 Flexible for loop statement 189
8.3.3 Use comma 192 in the for statement.
8.4 Introduce the do-while statement 193.
8.5 Compare three cycles 195
8.6 Use circular nesting 195
8.6. 1 cyclic nesting of various structures 195
8.6.2 Loop Nested Instance 197
8.7 Transfer Statement 199
8.7. 1 Go to statement 200
8.7.2 Interrupt Statement 202
8.7.3 Continue the presentation 203
8.8 Distinguish three kinds of jump statements 205
8.9 Practice Exercise 205
8.9. 1 Print out the ASCII code comparison table with capital letter 205.
8.9.2 Print out the ASCII code comparison table of lowercase letters 206.
8.9.3 Output the number 207 between 0 and 100, which is not divisible by 3.
8. 10 Summary of this chapter 209
The second core article
Chapter 9 Array 2 12
9. 1 introduces the concept of array 2 13.
Classification 9. 1. 1 array213
9. Dimension of1.2 array 2 13
9.2 Application of one-dimensional array 2 14
9.2. 1 one-dimensional array definition 2 14
9.2.2 One-dimensional array reference 2 15
9.2.3 Initialization of one-dimensional array 2 17
9.2.4 Application of one-dimensional array220
9.3 Main 2D Array 222
9.3. 1 Definition of two-dimensional array 222
9.3.2 References to two-dimensional arrays 223
Initialization of 2D Arrays 223
Application of two-dimensional array 227
9.4 Interpretation of Multidimensional Arrays 228
9.5 Using Character Array 229
9.5. 1 character array definition 229
9.5.2 Reference Character Array 229
Initialization of character array 229
9.5.4 End mark of character array 23 1
9.5.5 Output of Character Array232
9.5.6 Input of Character Array 233
9.5.7 Output a complete string containing spaces 234.
Application of character array 235
9.6 string processing function 236
9.6. Copy of1string 237
9.6.2 String concatenation 238
9.6.3 String comparison 240
9.6.4 String case conversion 24 1
9.6.5 Get the Length of String 243
9.7 Skilled application of array 245
9.7. 1 Reverse Output String 245
9.7.2 Using arrays to calculate student scores 246
9.7.3 Scenario Application: Encryption and Decryption of String 248
9.8 Exercise 250
9.8. 1 Realize the function of strcpy function 250
9.8.2 Calculate the number of elements in a character 25 1.
9.8.3 Reorder the string 25 1
9.9 Overview of this chapter 252
Chapter 10 Function 253
10. 1 function overview 254
10.2 defines function 256
10.2. 1 function definition table 256
10.2.2 definition and declaration
10.3 Understanding the Return Form 262
10.3. 1 function returns 262.
10.3.2 return value 266
10.4 transfer function parameter 269
10.4. 1 formal parameters and actual parameters 269
10.4.2 array as function parameter 27 1.
10.4.3 Understand the parameters of master 276.
10.5 calls function 276.
10.5. 1 function calling method 277
10.5.2 nested call 280
10.5.3 Recursively call 282
10.6 Flexible application functions 285
On the application of the function 10.6. 1 20000.100000000606
10.6.2 scenario application: use character function to judge input character 290.
10.7 exercise and exercise 292
10.7. 1 output a larger integer of 292.
10.7.2 Find the average score of 10 students.
10.7.3 Verification 6 174 293
10.8 Summary of this chapter 294
Chapter 1 1 pointer 296
1 1. 1 Understand the related concepts of pointer 297
11.1.1Introduction address and pointer 297
1 1. 1.2 Interpreting variables and pointers 298
1 1. 1.3 uses the pointer variable 299.
1 1. 1.4 pointer addition and subtraction operation 303
1 1. 1.5 scenario application: output integer variable address 304.
1 1.2 control array and pointer 305
1 1.2. 1 one-dimensional array and pointer 306
1 1.2.2 scene application 1: output array element 309
1 1.2.3 2D array and pointer 3 10
1 1.2.4 scenario application 2: put a two-dimensional array with 3 rows and 5 columns.
The second line element output 3 13
String and pointer 3 14
1 1.2.6 String Array316
1 1.3 pointer to pointer 3 18
1 1.3. 1 application introduction pointer points to pointer 3 18
1 1.3.2 scenario application: output even number 320.
1 1.4 pointer variable 32 1 as the function parameter.
1 1.5 returns the function of pointer value 33 1
1 1.5. 1 introduces the function 33 1 that returns the pointer value.
1 1.5.2 scene application: find the perimeter of the rectangle 332
1 1.6 pointer array as parameter 333 of the main function.
1 1.7 actual combat exercise 335
1 1.7. 1 stores the element values in the array in reverse order.
1 1.7.2 concatenates two strings and outputs 336.
1 1.7.3 Copy the string 336 with a pointer.
1 1.8 Summary of this chapter 337
Chapter 12 structure and community 338
12. 1 application structure 339
12. 1. 1 the concept of structure type 339
Definition of structural variables 340
12. 1.3 references structure variable 342.
12. 1.4 structure type 344 initialization
12. 1.5 Scenario Application: Output Student Information 345
12.2 main structure array 348
12.2. 1 defines the structure array 348.
12.2.2 Initializes the structure array 349
12.2.3 Scenario Application: Output Student Information 35 1
12.3 Interpreting structure pointer 353
12.3. 1 pointer to structure variable 353
Pointer to structure array 356
12.3.3 structure as functional parameter 358
12.4 introduces a structure containing structure 360.
12.5 Application Community 362
12.5. 1 the concept of commons 362
12.5.2 general body variable reference 363
12.5.3 initialization of public volume variables 364
12.5.4 Data characteristics of common body types 365
12.6 explanation of enumeration type 365
Practice exercise 366
Count the votes of candidates
12.7.2 teacher-student information storage system 367
12.7.3 Calculate students' comprehensive scores 368
12.8 Summary of this chapter 368
Chapter 13 Linked list and algorithm 369
13. 1 list introduction 370
13. 1. 1 list overview 370
Create a dynamic linked list 37 1
13. 1.3 output linked list 374
13.2 performs related operation 376 on the linked list.
13.2. 1 Insert operation of linked list 377
Delete operation of 13.2.2 linked list 380
13.3 uses array sorting algorithm 384.
1 select sort 385
13.3.2 bubble sorting 387
13.3.3 exchange method ranking 389
Insert sort 39 1
13.3.5 Sort by half method 394
13.3.6 comparison array sorting algorithm 396
13.4 Practice Exercise 397
13.4. 1 Delete operation of linked list 397
13.4.2 Sorting by Selection Method 398
13.4.3 Sort by bubbling, exchange, insertion, half folding, etc. 399
13.5 Section 399 of this chapter
The third advanced article
Chapter 65438 +04 operation 402
14. 1 interpretation bits and bytes 403
14.2 main bitwise operation operator 403
14.2. 1 and operator 404
14.2.2 or operator 405
14.2.3 NOT operator 407
14.2.4 XOR operator 409
14.2.5 "move left" operator 4 12
14.2.6 "Move Right" Operator 4 13
14.2.7 bit operation compound assignment operator 4 15
14.2.8 bit manipulation of data with different lengths 4 15
14.3 cyclic shift 4 16
14.4 What is the bit field 4 18?
The concept and definition of 14.4. 1 bit field 4 19
14.4.2 bit field 420 description
14.5 practical exercises 42 1
14.5. 1 The result of AND and OR operation on two numbers is 42 1.
14.5.2 Find the result of "left shift" and "right shift" of a number 422.
14.5.3 Find the result of a number "cyclic left shift" and "cyclic right shift" 422.
14.6 Summary of this chapter 423
Chapter 15 Warehouse Management 424
15. 1 memory organization mode 425
15. 1. 1 organization for understanding memory 425
Interpretation of Heaps and Stacks 425
15.2 dynamic management 428
15.2. 1 dynamically allocate memory space -malloc function 428
15.2.2 Dynamic allocation of continuous memory space array -Calloc function 429
15.2.3 change the size of the ptr pointer -Realloc function 43 1
15.2.4 Scenario Application: realloc function is used to reallocate memory 432.
15.2.5-Release function 432 to release the memory space allocated for integer variables.
Memory loss 433
15.4 storage category of variables 434
15.4. 1 dynamic storage and static storage.50000.00000000015
15.4.2 change local variable to automatic variable 435.
15.4.3 Declare static variable 436 with different positions and meanings.
15.4.4 register storage class register variable 437
15.4.5 External storage of external variables 437
15.5 Practice Exercise 438
15.5. 1 dynamically allocate array memory 438
15.5.2 Free memory for array dynamic allocation 439.
15.5.3 Calculate the square sum cube of 3 with static local integer variables.
15.6 Summary of this chapter 440
Chapter 16 Function Types and Pretreatment 44 1
16. 1 internal and external functions 442
16. 1. 1 introduction to internal functions 442
16. 1.2 Interpretation of external functions 443
Flexible use of macro definitions in 16.2 444
16.2. 1 macro definition without parameters 445
16.2.2 Macro definition with parameters 446
16.3 writing # contains instruction 448.
16.4 Compiling with Conditions 450
16.4. 1 #if command 450
16.4.2 #ifdef and #ifndef command 453
16.4.3 #undef command 455
16. 4. 4 # line command 455
16. 4. 5 # miscellaneous note command 456
Exercise 457
16.5. 1 Find the product of multiplying two numbers 457.
16.5.2 Find the smallest number from three numbers 457.
16.5.3 Find the maximum number 458 from three numbers.
16.6 Summary of this chapter 459
Chapter 17 Reading and writing files 460
Document overview 46 1
17.2 master the basic operation of files 462
17.3 using file pointer 463
17.4 opening and closing files 464
17.4. 1 file open464
Closure of files
17.5 read and write files 466
17.5. 1 write character function -FPUTC function 466
17.5.2 character reading function -FGETC function 468
17.5.3 Write string function -fputs function 469
17.5.4 read string function -FGETS function 470
17.5.5 format writing function -FPRINTF function 472
17.5.6 format reading function -fscanf function 474
17.5.7 block reading and writing functions -Fread function and fwrite function 475
17.6 location file 478
17.6. 1 random read-write operation -fseek function 479
17.6.2 returns the position pointer rewind function 48 1
17.6.3 ftell function 483
Exercise 485
17. 7. 1 copy file contents 485
17.7.2 Save student information 486
17.8 Summary of this chapter 487
Article 4 actual combat articles
Chapter 18 Student Management System 490
18. 1 analysis requirements 49 1
18.2 design system 49 1
18.3 function module design 492
18.3. 1 function selection interface 492
18.3.2 student achievement information entry 494
18.3.3 Inquiring about student achievement information 496
18.3.4 Delete student achievement information 497
18.3.5 Modify the student achievement information 499
18.3.6 Insert student achievement information 50 1
18.3.7 Statistics on the number of students 504
18.4 Summary of this chapter 505
Appendix a glossary of technical terms 506