Baota Mountain was called Fenglin Mountain in ancient times and was renamed Jialing Mountain in the Song Dynasty. Now people also call it Pagoda Mountain. Baota Mountain is located in the southeast of Yan'an City, with an altitude of 1135.5 meters, the highest among the surrounding mountains. Pagoda Mountain has a wide view, lush forests, fresh air, and pleasant coolness. The average temperature in summer is 3 to 4 degrees Celsius lower than in the interior, making it a good place to escape the summer heat. The ancient tower towering in front of us was built between 766 and 779 AD. It has been more than 1,200 years ago. This ancient pagoda was rebuilt in the Song Dynasty, and was repaired again in the Jin and Ming dynasties. The existing tower is 44 meters high and has a base circumference of 36.8 meters. It is an octagonal nine-level pavilion-style brick tower. There are two arches in the north and south on the bottom wall of the pagoda. There are stairs in the north door, which can be used to climb to the top of the tower. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, this tower was called "ancient tower". After the Party Central Committee stationed in Yan'an in 1937, Yan'an became the center and general rear area leading the Chinese revolution. "The rolling river and the towering Pagoda Mountain" have become a place that countless revolutionary youths and patriots yearn for. This ancient pagoda has also been rejuvenated and has become a symbol of the holy land and a symbol of Yan'an, so it is known as the "Yan'an Pagoda". The ancient name "Jialing Mountain" was also replaced by "Baotashi Mountain". On August 6, 1956, the Yan'an Pagoda was announced as the first batch of key cultural relics protection units in Shaanxi Province, and in 1997 it was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit. Since the Ming Dynasty, the pagoda has experienced more than 350 years of wind, rain, and war. By the time the country was liberated, it was riddled with bullet scars and bruises. After the founding of New China, the ancient pagoda also gained new life. The Shaanxi Province and Yan'an Municipal People's Governments allocated special funds twice in 1959 and 1984 to carry out comprehensive maintenance of the pagoda. The remaining wind-eroded bricks of the tower were replaced, bullet holes were filled, stairs were installed, a base was added, a lightning rod was installed on the top of the tower, and colored lights were decorated around the eaves of the tower. During the National Day in 1996, we dismantled all the lanterns and reinstalled floodlights around the pagoda and on the top of the pagoda. In 2001, the Yan'an Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal People's Government implemented a "lighting" project on Baota Mountain, decorating the pagoda and mountain according to the theme. Various lighting decorations were installed to meet the aesthetic requirements. Turn on the lights for 2 hours every night, and the Pagoda Mountain will shine brightly. Seen from a distance, it looks magnificent, with towering shadows and towering shadows, and the scenery is spectacular. Of course, you can climb up this majestic pagoda and have a panoramic view of Yan'an City. You can appreciate the taste of "seeing a thousand miles away and reaching a higher level". Now, we come to Zhongting. The bell hanging in this bell pavilion is an iron Hong bell from the Ming Dynasty, which was cast in the first year of Chongzhen (1628) in the Ming Dynasty. The clock is 150 cm high and 160 cm in diameter. The upper part of the bell has a lotus pattern commonly used in Buddhism, and the lower part has a Bagua pattern commonly used in Taoism, which is a symbol of the unity of Buddhism and Taoism. This bell was originally placed in the Taihe Mountain Taoist Temple opposite. During the Anti-Japanese War, the Border Region Security Department moved it here as an alarm. The sound quality of the iron bell is clear and loud, and the sound lingers for a long time, and can be transmitted within a radius of 30 to 50 kilometers. When the Japanese planes bombed Yan'an in November 1938, this bell sounded an alarm. The Japanese planes bombed Yan'an into ruins, but like a loyal guard, it stood firm on the cliff of the pagoda to defend Yan'an. made indelible contributions. After the liberation of the country, the municipal party committee and the municipal government hung this iron bell at the original site for tourists to visit while restoring the cultural relics site. Everyone, look east! This building is called Wangkou Tower. When Fan Zhongyan was guarding Yan'an, he built this tower on the highest peak of Jialing Mountain in order to observe the enemy's situation and command operations. This tower was built on the highest peak. At night, the stars approach, as if you can reach out and drop them, so people also call it the Star-Zhaing Tower. The original building has been destroyed, and the building we see now was rebuilt on the original site in 1987. There is an ancient walled city ruins around the Zhaixing Tower. There are still incomplete city walls and underground caves, which were the fortifications and fortresses used to command the war. Along the dirt bank extending down from the Zhaixing Tower to the west is a section of the ancient city wall, made of rammed loess, which reaches the bottom of the mountain and is connected to the city wall of Phoenix Mountain through the south gate. (The location of the south gate is near the current Yucai Primary School, and people still call it "Nanmen Slope". There are still ruins of the stone city wall in the area of ??the current building materials company and Fenghuang Taxation Office.) To the north of the Zhaixing Tower is a 400-square-meter The large platform is the site of Dongyue Temple.

Dongyue Temple was built in the Song Dynasty and was rebuilt by Wang Yanqi, the prefect of Yan'an, in the first year of Zhengde of Emperor Wuzong of the Ming Dynasty (1506). Since the Song, Yuan, and Ming dynasties, until the early years of the Republic of China, Dongyue Temple was very famous around Yan'an and had great influence in the Buddhist community. The temple fair is held every April 28th. According to some living elders, in the 1920s, the temple fairs (Dongyue Temple and Ghost King Temple) in Pagoda Mountain were still quite prosperous. Due to damage from previous wars, especially after the Japanese invaders bombed Yan'an in 1937, the Dongyue Temple and other buildings on Pagoda Mountain were all destroyed. The independent brick quadrangular platform in the northeast is the beacon tower. The beacon tower is an ancient communication and alarm device. If there is enemy situation, it will light a fire at night as a signal, and burn firewood or wolf dung to make smoke during the day. It is said that when wolf dung burns, the smoke is more intense and rises vertically, making it easier to observe. Therefore, there is a saying that "wolf smoke rises at the border". When Fan Zhongyan was guarding Yanzhou (now Yan'an), he built a beacon tower there, which was a four-sided tower made of rammed loess. The beacon tower we see now was rebuilt on the original site from June to September 1993. It is 10.9 meters high, with a top area of ??103.3 square meters and a bottom area of ??253.8 square meters. The location of this beacon tower is excellent. Although it is not on the top of the mountain, the view is very wide. When you stand on the platform, you can see the ends of the three rivers in the east, west and south. Naturally, once the war breaks out, the soldiers and civilians of Sanchuan will know about it. Going south from the beacon tower, the buildings on the mountainside are the newly built teahouses. It was originally the site of Jialing Academy. Jialing Academy, also known as Fan Gong Academy, was originally built by Fan Zhongyan. When Fan Gong was guarding Yanzhou, he built cities and fortresses, strengthened military defenses, and resisted the invasion of Xixia. talent. During the Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty, Jialing Academy was rebuilt on its site. At that time, there were three main halls with a statue of Fan Gong inside; three Five Classics lecture halls for Buddhist lectures and teaching; there were also more than a thousand pines, cypresses, peach and plum trees planted in the courtyard. , the environment is quiet and particularly beautiful, and it played a very good role in the development of culture at that time. It was rebuilt in the 16th year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1738). When the tea house was built in 1979, a stone tablet named "Jialing Academy Records" was unearthed at the academy site, recording the reconstruction in the 16th year of Qianlong's reign (1738). This stele was first erected outside the academy site. The stele has been broken into two parts and the text has been peeled off, but most of it is still clearly visible. Under the beacon tower, on the bank of Yanhe River about 100 meters high from the beacon tower, there is a well leading to the river. This well was built by Fan Zhongyan when he was stationed in Yanzhou to provide water for the defenders in Jialing Mountain. Later generations called it Fan Gong Well. The wellhead is oval in shape, 24 meters deep, and surrounded by stones. Although it lasted for nearly a thousand years, the shaft is intact and was listed as the first batch of key cultural relics protection units in Yan'an City. What we are seeing now is another famous landscape of Pagoda Mountain - cliff carvings. The site covers an area of ??2,864 square meters. The stone carving is 6 to 7 meters high and 260 meters long. It has the handwritings of literati from past dynasties. The most famous among them is Fan Zhongyan's handwriting of "Jialing Mountain" in three official script characters. "Jia" means beautiful, and "Ling" means mountains. Each character is 3.68 meters high and 3.37 meters wide. Due to erosion by wind and rain, the writing was blurred. It was deeply chiseled in the early Ming Dynasty and later painted red (photo of the inscriptions on display at the Shaanxi History Museum). About 50 meters south of it, there is also an inscription "There are tens of thousands of armored soldiers in the chest", which means that Fan Gong's soldiers are like gods, and they are also very precious. There are also stone inscriptions from the Song Dynasty such as "Look up at the high mountain", "Come out and enter the prime minister", "Worry first and then rejoice", "High hills and verdant mountains", "Yunsheng secluded outside", "Jialing scenic spot is the best", "Taishan Beidou" , "One Han, One Fan" and other engravings. The cliff carvings also include more than a hundred handwritings of great figures and celebrities in modern times for visitors to appreciate. Speaking of this, I have to mention one person, he is Fan Zhongyan. Fan Zhongyan (989-1052) was a native of Wuxian County, Suzhou (now Suzhou, Jiangsu Province). His ancestors were from Binzhou (now Binxian County, Shaanxi Province) and later moved to the south of the Yangtze River. He was a famous politician, military strategist and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. In 1040, the Song Dynasty appointed Han Qi and Fan Zhongyan as deputy economic envoys to appease Shaanxi. Fan Zhongyan invited himself to Yanzhou. After arriving in Yanzhou, he began to carry out comprehensive renovation and reinforcement of the city defense in Yanzhou area, including the renovation of Jialing Mountain. At that time, Fan Zhongyan regarded Jialing Mountain as an important position and command center to defend Yanzhou, so he built it carefully.

The Wangkou Tower, Beacon Tower, and Fanggongjing introduced above are its ruins. After Fan Zhongyan arrived in Yanzhou, he worked hard to heal the wounds of the war, which greatly inspired the morale of the frontline military and people in Yanzhou and strengthened their strength. So the Xia people warned each other: "You don't care about Yanzhou. Now Xiao Fan (Fan Zhongyan) has tens of thousands of soldiers in his belly, and he is no better than the big Fan Laozi to bully." Fan Zhongyan only guarded the border in Yanzhou for nearly a year. , but it has made many achievements and left a rich cultural heritage. He selected talents and appointed them, and when he was busy with military and political affairs, he paid attention to education and built academies. This is really commendable and worthy of the title of statesman, military strategist and writer. His "Yueyang Tower" is still a masterpiece of prose, especially his famous line "worry before the world's worries, and rejoice after the world's happiness", which is well-known by everyone. This famous saying is not only the concentrated expression of his literary talent, but also the embodiment of his lofty spirit. Later generations built the "Second Temple of Han Fan" in Dongguan, Yan'an (now the area of ??the Electric Power Bureau) to commemorate him and Han Qi.