The Origin of "Starry Sky and Moral Law"
"There are two things. The more you think about them regularly and persistently, the more you enrich your mind with growing charm and reverence for them: the starry sky above me and the moral law in my heart." -Kant
Introduction to Kant
Immanuel Kant (Chinese translation: Immanuel Kant), a German (German), is a writer who was born in K? Koenigsberg,1February, 804 12, died at the age of 79.
German philosopher and astronomer, one of the founders of nebula theory, the founder of German classical philosophy and the founder of German classical aesthetics. He is considered as one of the most influential thinkers in modern Europe and the last major philosopher and master of the Enlightenment.
Kant's view of the universe
What can we know? Kant's answer is: we can only know what natural science makes us realize. Philosophy is of no use except to help us clarify the necessary conditions for making knowledge possible. The metaphysical problems since Plato are actually unsolvable.
Kant thinks, what if we turn things upside down and make them conform to our understanding? Kant compared this way of thinking with Copernicus's "Heliocentrism": Before Copernicus, people thought that all the planets revolved around our earth, but Copernicus said that our earth revolved around other planets.
Kant brought about a Copernican transformation in philosophy. He said that things are not affecting people, but people are affecting things. We are building the real world. In the process of understanding things, people are more important than things themselves. Kant even thinks that we can't know the truth of things, only the appearance of things. Kant's famous assertion is: intellectuality legislates for nature.
Kant's moral view
? Kant denies that the will is dominated by external factors, and thinks that the will legislates for itself, and the ability of human beings to distinguish right from wrong is innate, not acquired. This set of laws of nature is an overwhelming command, applicable to all situations, and a universal moral code. Kant believes that true moral behavior is an act made purely on the basis of obligation, and doing things for personal utilitarian purposes cannot be considered as moral behavior. Therefore, according to Kant, whether an act conforms to the moral norms does not depend on the consequences of the act, but on the motivation of taking the act. Kant also believes that we are free only if we abide by moral laws, because we abide by our own moral norms. If we just want to do so, there is no freedom, because you have become a slave to all kinds of things.