Because the Treaty of Nerchinsk clearly demarcated the east-west boundaries between China and Russia, it legally affirmed that the vast areas in the Heilongjiang and Ussuri River basins, including Sakhalin Island, are Chinese territory. . Tsarist Russia agreed to withdraw the troops that invaded Yaksa, and the Qing Dynasty agreed to cede part of the land of Nerchinsk east of Lake Baikal that originally belonged to China to Russia.

The "Treaty of Nerchinsk" is the first international treaty in Chinese history with "China" as a sovereign country. In the form of a treaty between modern sovereign states, it legally determines that the vast area south of the Xing'an Mountains, the Heilongjiang and Ussuri River basins, including Sakhalin Island, is China's territory, and China enjoys full sovereignty over it. .

(Rather than the superficial division of spheres of influence in ancient times, it is territorial sovereignty protected by international law and international conventions.) This curbed Russia's continued expansion to the south and safeguarded the integrity of China's territorial sovereignty.

International law from the West played a role in the negotiation and signing of the Treaty of Nerchinsk; however, the doctrine of international law was not further discussed in China until Lin Zexu organized the translation of Western international law His works, especially after Ding Liliang published "The Public Law of All Nations". ?

According to this treaty, Russia's plot to occupy the entire Heilongjiang Basin was ruined, but trade relations with the Qing Empire were established. Since then, the eastern border area between China and Russia has been relatively stable, people from the two countries have peaceful exchanges, and trade has developed greatly.

Extended information

The "Treaty of Nerchinsk" was the result of the Qing Dynasty's unconditional concession. Soetu handed over the rich area of ??Nerchinsk to the east of Lake Baikal, which originally belonged to China. At the same time, Soetu and the Qing government did not take this negotiation seriously. This was originally a good opportunity to learn Western rules, but it was missed by the Qing government.

The reason why Golovin was sure that Suo'etu would give in was because two missionaries, Xu Risheng and Zhang Cheng, revealed the bottom line given by Kangxi to Golovin, and Suo'etu did not know all this. , which resulted in the Qing Dynasty's negotiations being completely passive, and Golovin's negotiation experience was obviously richer than that of Soethu. The Qing Dynasty had the Galdan problem, Russia was also in trouble with Turkey in Europe, and the Tsar did not have any extra troops to continue. War, Soetu knew nothing about it.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Treaty of Nerchinsk