Seven years, spring, the first month of Wang.

Summer and April.

In autumn, Qi Hou Zheng Mengbo came first. Qi people hold the knot of preventing pedestrians from invading Wei. Qi Hou and Shaze formed an alliance with Wei Hou.

Otaru

Xia Shuai, commander-in-chief of Qi State, attacked me as a westerner.

September, Datun.

Winter, October.

translate

Lu seven years, spring, calendar in the first month.

Summer, April.

In autumn, I formed an alliance with Zheng in Xi 'an. The people of Qi arrested Gong Bei Jie, the envoy of Wei, and invaded Wei. Qi Jinggong and Wei Linggong formed an alliance in Shaze's place. Lu held a large-scale rain-seeking ritual activity.

Xia, a doctor of Qi, led an army to attack the western border of Lu.

In September, Lu held a large-scale rain-seeking ritual activity.

Winter, October.

Extended reading: a brief introduction to the biography of ram

Biography of the Ram, also known as Biography of the Ram in the Spring and Autumn Period and Ram in the Spring and Autumn Period, is an ancient book dedicated to explaining the Spring and Autumn Period. Its starting and ending time is the same as that in the Spring and Autumn Period, that is, from 722 BC to 48 BC1year. Its interpretation of history is very brief, focusing on the so-called "subtle meaning" in the Spring and Autumn Period, and interpreting the classics by question and answer. Biography of the Ram and Spring and Autumn Annals started and ended at the same time. According to legend, its author was a disciple of Xia Zi. During the Warring States Period, Qi people were taller than rams. At first it was just word of mouth. When Emperor Jing of the Western Han Dynasty was in power, it spread to Xuansunshou. Together with Hu Musheng, Yang Gongshou wrote the bamboo slips "Biography of the Spring and Autumn Ram". Biography of the Ram includes Biography of the Ram in the Spring and Autumn Period by He Xiu in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Biography of the Ram by Yan Xu in the Tang Dynasty and Biography of the Ram by Chen Li in the Qing Dynasty.

The old title of the author of "Biography of Ram" is that Qi people were taller than rams during the Warring States Period. He studied under Xia Zi, a disciple of Confucius, and later became one of the three masters of Spring and Autumn Annals.

Biography of the Ram is one of the three biographies in the Spring and Autumn Period, and it is a book that comments on the Spring and Autumn Period. There are three schools, Zuo's, Ram and Gu Liang, which are collectively called "Three Biographies of the Spring and Autumn Period". The other two families, Zou and Jia, were lost as early as the Han Dynasty. Hanshu, Yiwenzhi, Shiji and Chronicle of Twelve Governors describe in detail the origins of the three biographies in the Spring and Autumn Period. Jin Fanning commented on the characteristics of the three biographies of Spring and Autumn Annals and said: "Zuo's family is gorgeous and rich, but its loss is also a witch." Gu Liang is clear and elegant, but its loss is short-lived. It is vulgar to argue about Ram. "

Shangshu and Chunqiu: "Zuo's Ji Yan, You's Ji Shi Yan, the word is Shangshu, and the matter is Chunqiu." These are the two earliest books recorded in ancient China (Oracle Bone Inscriptions).

Chunqiu is a chronicle, but most of it has been lost, leaving only Lu Chunqiu compiled by Confucius. There are three biographies of Spring and Autumn Annals in Han Dynasty, namely, Biography of the Ram, Biography of the Ancient (Yi) Liang and Biography of Zuo. Chunqiu and Zuo Zhuan are chronological history books.

Chunqiu Jing is concise and profound, so you can't understand it without comments. There are three books commenting on the Spring and Autumn Period, namely Zuo Zhuan, Ram Zhuan and Gu (Yi) Liang Zhuan, which are collectively called Three Biographies of the Spring and Autumn Period. In addition, there are two Jia families in Zou, which were lost as early as the Han Dynasty. Therefore, since the Han Dynasty, scholars have only studied the Spring and Autumn Period through three biographies.

As a family heirloom, The Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ram was originally passed down from mouth to mouth, until the great-grandson of the Ram born in the Han Dynasty cooperated with Hu Wusheng (the scholar in Han Dynasty was Hu Mu, surnamed Hu, whose name meant "Mr.") and finally decided on the bamboo and silk Biography of the Spring and Autumn Ram. Therefore, Han Shu Literature and Art Annals written by Ban Gu, the author of The Biography of the Ram, is generally called "Ram Son", while Yan Shigu said it was Ram Gao, and the Catalogue of Sikuquanshu was compiled as Han Shou, with different opinions. However, it is more reasonable to name the terminator the author.

The genre feature of Biography of Ram is the combination of classics and biographies, which narrates the great significance of Chunqiu sentence by sentence, which is different from that of Zuozhuan, which mainly records historical facts. Biography of the Ram is an important classic in Confucian classics, which is often used as a tool to discuss politics by Confucian classics in past dynasties. At the same time, it is also an important material for studying Confucianism from pre-Qin to Han Dynasty.

Later, the books that annotated The Biography of the Ram mainly included The Biography of the Spring and Autumn Ram by He Xiu in the Eastern Han Dynasty, The Biography of the Ram by Yan Xu in the Tang Dynasty and The Biography of the Ram by Chen Li in the Qing Dynasty.

Extended reading: ten famous sayings in the biography of the ram

First, eat easily, analyze the skeleton and cook it. -"the biography of the ram". Fifteen years in Gong Xuan. "

Comments: During the Spring and Autumn Period, Chu Zhuangwang sent troops to attack the Song State and surrounded it. The siege lasted for a long time, and the food and grass in the city were cut off, so people could only eat human flesh. People can't bear to kill their children, so they exchange children, kill them as food, and then burn the dissected remains as firewood for cooking. This sentence is often used to describe the extremely miserable life of the victims.

Second, a gentleman is guilty of being kind to others, while a villain is lucky to be kind to others. -"the biography of the ram". Fifteen years in Gong Xuan. "

Comments: When a gentleman sees a person in danger, even if the other person is an enemy, he will show deep sympathy and give selfless help. This is different from condescending rewards, and it is not pretending to be compassionate, but human nature; Villains will gloat when they see others in trouble, and even hit people when they are down.

Third, the dead are reincarnated, and the living have a clear conscience, which can be said to be a letter. -"the biography of the ram". Ten years of work "

Comments: What is a letter? This is what Xun, a doctor of the State of Jin, said before he died in the Zhou Dynasty. He said that if the dead are resurrected, and the people he entrusted before his death are still holding on and have no shame at all, this is called "faith."

Fourth, killing people to survive, the dead to survive, the gentleman does not do it. -"the biography of the ram". Eleven years of Henggong

Comments: A truly virtuous gentleman will not kill to save himself. This is selfish and one of the deep-rooted human nature. When faced with the choice between life and death, many people often choose to sacrifice others, even their children and relatives, to save themselves. Although pessimistic, it is also realistic, otherwise there would be no story of "Easy to Eat".

Five, different names, beauty and ugliness. -"the biography of the ram". Seven years of seclusion "

Comments: This is the writing style of Spring and Autumn Annals. Spring and autumn can use the same title for the noble and the humble, without distinction; For beauty and ugliness, we can also use the same kind of words indiscriminately. On the surface, the words are the same, but the meaning inside is different. This is the meaning of words.

Sixth, put aside troubled times, oppose righteousness and reason, and stay away from Spring and Autumn Annals. -"the biography of the ram". Fifteen years in Gong Xuan. "

Comments: Confucius wrote Spring and Autumn Annals in order to reverse troubled times and return society and politics to the right path. In this respect, no book is more suitable than Chunqiu.

Seven, big evil taboo, what is this purpose? Far also. Seen, heard and heard different words. Hiding too far, why hide? To be a hermit is to be modest. -"the biography of the ram". Huangong two years "

Comments: According to the writing principle of Spring and Autumn Annals, Lu's evil deeds should be avoided. Why is it clearly marked here? Because time is too long, different times have different views. Since it's been so long, why should we avoid seeing the public? Because the author thinks Yin Gong is more virtuous, while Huan Gong is more humble and inferior.

Eight, the first year, spring, Wang first month. What is the first year? So was your first year in office. Who is spring? At the beginning of the year Who is the king? It is also called Wang Wen. Why don't we talk about the king first and the first month? Wang Ye. What about Wang's first month? Great unification also. -"the biography of the ram". Hidden year "

Comments: The Biography of the Ram is an annotation to explain the essence of Spring and Autumn Annals. What is the "first year"? It was the first year of the monarch's regency. What is "spring"? It is the first season of the year. Who does "Wang" mean? It's Zhou Wenwang. Why say the king first, then the first month? Because the calendar of the first month was made by Zhou Wenwang. The word "Wang" is to show that they attach importance to the unification of the Zhou Dynasty.

Nine, there are records in the Spring and Autumn Annals, but they are omitted outside, and the outside is a big evil book, and the small evil book is not written; Indoor, it is a big taboo, a small evil. -"the biography of the ram". Ten years of seclusion "

Comments: The book "Spring and Autumn Annals" mainly records the history of Lu, so for other countries, great evils are remembered, and small evils are not remembered; For Lu, great evils should be avoided and small evils can be recorded.

Ten, "Spring and Autumn Annals" does not seek thieves, does not bury books, and thinks that it has nothing to do with officials. -"the biography of the ram". Eleven years in seclusion. "

Comments: This is an article introducing the writing principles of Chunqiu. If the monarch is killed and the villain who killed the monarch is not punished, there is no need to record the funeral, because the courtiers who cannot avenge the monarch are not courtiers, and there is no relationship between the monarch and the ministers, so this funeral does not count.