You should always pay attention to distinguishing some easily confused knowledge, such as remembering some literary ideas and representative figures of different schools, etc. The recitation of famous sentences and articles should ultimately be carried out on the paper by dictation. In review, we must combine memorization with dictation, and be careful when dictation, so as not to make mistakes such as typos, missing words, and inversion. In addition, we should pay attention to punctuation and tone.
the test sites are up to standard. 1. "Where spirits are summoned, vanilla will give birth to three families; At that time, Xiang Liu should know the heart of nine songs. This couplet says () A. Jia Yi B. Zhuge Liang C. Qu Yuan D. Wen Tianxiang Answer: C. (The couplets are embedded with the names of Qu Yuan's poems "Evocation of Soul" and "Nine Songs", and Qu Yuan's poems use herbs as a metaphor for the noble quality. Qu Yuan was exiled in Xiangjiang River and Yuanjiang River.
From the content, it is consistent with Qu Yuan's affairs; Emotionally, I expressed my regret and sympathy. ) 2. The following works, writers and countries (or dynasties) are all correct () A. The Journey to the West-Wu Cheng'en-The Divine Comedy in Ming Dynasty-Dante-German B. The Garden of Flowers in a Mirror-Li Ruzhen-Tom in Ming Dynasty? The Adventures of Sawyer-Mark? Twain-American C. The Romance of the West Chamber-Wang Shifu-Don Juan in Yuan Dynasty-Byron-British D. Peach Blossom Fan-Kong Shangren-Red and Black in Qing Dynasty-Mo Bosang-French Answer: C (A. Dante, the author of Divine Comedy, is Italian, not German; B. Li Ruzhen, the author of "Jing Hua Yuan", is from the Qing Dynasty, not the Ming Dynasty; D The author of Red and Black is French Stendhal, not Mo Bosang.
) 13. "Three fathers and sons, all great writers, have been handed down through the ages, and Emei has a high ratio of * * *." The "three fathers and sons" in this poem are () A. Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi B. Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe C. Ban Biao, Ban Gu, Ban Chao D. Du Fu, Du Mu and Du Xunhe. Answer: B) A poem in the title stem was written by Comrade Zhu De for Sichuan Sansu Temple, and the correct answer should be B.
in item a, although Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Zhi are three fathers and sons, they are also great writers, and all of them have poems spread today, but they do not conform to the content of "Emei * * * is higher than others" in the poem. In Item C, although Ban Biao, Ban Gu and Ban Chao are three fathers and sons, Ban Biao and Ban Gu are both famous for their historiography, while Ban Chao is a famous man, which is inconsistent with the content of "all great writers" in the poem.
Du Fu, Du Mu and Du Xunhe in Item D are not father and son, so they are even less poetic. ）。 2. How to review the knowledge points of classical Chinese
1. Consolidate the foundation, and review the textbooks for three times. After analyzing the college entrance examination questions over the years, we will find that the examination of classical Chinese, whether it is content words, special sentence patterns, sentence comprehension, or translation of paragraphs and dictation of famous articles, all come from in class, and almost all the test center settings over the years can find related knowledge points from the textbooks (here,
It can be seen that learning textbooks well and consolidating basic knowledge are the key. In view of this situation, it is necessary to strengthen the review of textbooks.
so why review it three times? This is determined by following the law of Ebbinghaus's forgetting curve, in order to truly "review the past and learn the new". Three-time review method, from shallow to deep, from scattered to concentrated, from individual to group.
the first step, from the first year of senior high school, every time you finish learning a book, during the winter and summer vacations, students are required to review and recite all the required articles (there are also teachers' requirements here) in the holiday and write them down in the exercise book, which is consistent for three years. This is a step to clear the key points, aiming at memorizing the key points, forming an interactive effect of oral writing and enhancing memory.
Step 2, in the first half of senior three, use morning reading to review all the classical Chinese titles of 1-6 volumes of textbooks (at this time, it is best not to include ancient poetry and drama, and the effect will be better if these two parts are reviewed separately), in the order of 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, and 6, with morning reading three times a week and one unit per week, which can be reviewed in eleven weeks. Students are required to read each article twice, the first time with notes, focusing on reading notes and explaining meanings; The second time, read the whole article, and if you have recited it, review it.
The reason for arranging them in the previous order is to improve the efficiency of review (generally, the fifth volume will be discussed first in senior three, and the sixth volume will be discussed in about two months, so that the two volumes can be reviewed in time). In this step, students' individual activities are the mainstay, and teachers only give guidance. The purpose is to familiarize themselves with the content of the text and, in a superficial sense, try to enhance their sense of language and familiarity.
Step 3, at the end of last semester in Senior Three, teachers and students will review the text one by one with one month's class time. This step is the most critical step, especially for the deepening and improvement of the second step.
Teachers are required to prepare lessons carefully. Formally, it seems that they are talking about classical Chinese, but in essence, teachers must be familiar with the knowledge points of each classical Chinese in the whole set of teaching materials. When reviewing in class, they should get the main points, learn by analogy, pay attention to the connection of knowledge, sum up the rules and teach them to fish. Therefore, in this review process, we must highlight the key points, make each lesson useful, and fully reflect the continuity and relevance of the knowledge system and the spirit of taking methods in class and applying them outside class.
only in this way can we achieve a qualitative leap from the accumulation of quantity, and we can achieve a deep understanding from superficial familiarity and then use it calmly. 2. Strengthen targeted training and review the previous three steps steadily. Without effective supervision measures, it is very easy to give up halfway or get half the result with half the effort.
the first step is to check the homework. For the second and third steps, it is necessary to strengthen the training.
review is promoted by assessment, and the effect is tested by results. The second step, one unit and one test, focuses on the content words, function words, special sentence patterns, flexible use of parts of speech and common sense of literature and culture in the textbook, plus the translation of key sentences in the text and the dictation of famous sentences and articles.
one class hour is appropriate for the test. The third step, one book and one test, is two class hours.
In addition to the above contents, add extra-curricular examination. Translation and reading are all selected from extra-curricular activities (it is best to read classical Chinese in the college entrance examination in the last six years, and translation can also make propositions from it, so as to kill two birds with one stone and save review time). The examination points should be linked with the knowledge points in this book, reflecting the transfer of knowledge and the transformation of ability. This kind of test questions must be put forward by teachers themselves, aimed at textbooks, students and their own teaching.
In the lesson preparation group, it is best for several teachers to cooperate with each other in division of labor, and each teacher should assign a part of the proposition task according to the specific situation, which is convenient for the collective to enjoy the mental resources of lesson preparation and avoid repeated examination and ineffective work. 3. The purpose of practicing the college entrance examination and reviewing textbooks by applying what you have learned is to gain the ability to transfer knowledge easily.
whether this ability is available or not, or whether it can be effectively displayed, is ultimately reflected in the answer to the test questions. Therefore, facing the college entrance examination and laying a solid foundation, we need to solve the problem of applying what we have learned.
Two weeks before the next semester in senior three, do some intensive training in this respect, so that students can effectively apply their textbook knowledge and solve problems with ease. The college entrance examination questions over the years have all been practiced through the testing training when reviewing textbooks. At this time, don't rush to do the simulation questions of classical Chinese reading and translation. First, use four class hours to concentrate and summarize the content words, function words, flexible use and sentence patterns respectively, connect the text with the college entrance examination, summarize the characteristics, grasp the rules, and make students understand this part of knowledge from perceptual knowledge to rational analysis.
Then, adopt the method of intensive training, select excellent simulated test questions, and do ten big readings of classical Chinese. Finally, in the month before the college entrance examination, students should be required to do a reading of classical Chinese (including translation) every day, with the purpose of maintaining a good sense of language. It is best to choose exercises with answers. If explanations are needed, teachers only need to spend eight to ten minutes before class.
second, the analysis of the classical Chinese reading test questions in the college entrance examination. Looking at the classical Chinese test questions in recent ten years, in addition to paying attention to historical biography in material selection, the literary quality is beautiful and there are many proposition points, which are suitable for high school students to read, but also have the following characteristics. 1. From the content of the exam, the classical Chinese test pays equal attention to "words" and "writing".
The word "Yan" here refers to the knowledge of classical Chinese, the understanding of real words and function words, the discrimination of ancient and modern words, etc. "Wen" mainly refers to the understanding of the meaning of the text. In the past three years (1999), the number of classical Chinese test questions is generally six, and the division of the test content of the six questions is clear. Basically, the first three questions focus on testing "words", while the last three questions focus on testing "words", and the scores are "equally divided", each accounting for 9 points.
The test of classical Chinese pays equal attention to both words and writing, which has changed the bad tendency of emphasizing words rather than writing in the past, and is essentially just a test of ancient Chinese. It has played a positive guiding role in the teaching of classical Chinese in middle schools and has been well received by the majority of Chinese teachers in middle schools. Therefore, the characteristics of this proposition have been preserved in the classical Chinese proposition.
although there was a tone in 22. 3. Basic knowledge and practice of classical Chinese in junior high school
Class name and student number of extracurricular reading practice of classical Chinese in junior high school 1. Read the following classical Chinese and complete questions 1-5.
Zheng Junzhong, Puyang, recognized that the thumb of his left hand was rash, swollen and millet. You doubt it to show people, and people laugh, thinking that it is not enough.
three days together is like money. Worry is very nourishing, but also to show people, laugh as before.
on the third day, the thumb was full of pain, and the fingers near the thumb were all painful, and the heart of the limbs was all right. I was afraid to seek doctors, and the doctors looked at it. I was surprised and said, "Although the disease is at the finger, it is actually a disease, and it can hurt the body if it is not treated quickly.
when it starts, it can be healed all day; Three days, the more ten days can heal; Today's illness and success, it is not March that can't be cured. Healing all day long, Ai Kezhi also; The more you heal, the more medicine can cure you; As for what has been accomplished, it will even extend to the liver diaphragm, or it will be an arm's length.
it's inevitable that there is something to control it, and its potential will not stop; There is no cure for it, and the disease is not easy. " You follow his words and take decoction every day, while Fu ⑤ takes good medicine, and the fruit will be cured in February and then in March.
the remaining cause is thinking: things in the world often occur in the slightest, and eventually they are great disasters; At first, it was thought that there was no cure, but in the end, it was impossible. When it is easy, cherish the power of the day, and ignore it; And its accomplished, accumulated years, tired of thinking, and only grams, so many people refer to it.
(Fang Xiaoru's Finger Metaphor) Note ① Hold: Four inches is a hold. ② L-:spine.
③ chin (ch? U): recover from illness. ④ Hepatic diaphragm: refers to human internal organs.
⑤ fu: tu. 1. The two wrong interpretations of the words added in the following sentences are () A. Seek medical care (planning) in fear. B. Even spread to the liver diaphragm. C. Illness is not easy to deal with (change). D. Accumulate years and think about it, but only overcome it. 2. The two words added in the following sentences have the same meaning. () A. Take Japanese decoction. Ninety-year-old. Although the disease refers to, in fact, although a person has hundreds of hands, the first one has hundreds of fingers. D. He recovers all day long, and Ai Kezhi is also a soldier of Sanjin, who is brave and light. 3. In the following sentences, the word "zhi" is added, which explains the mistake () A. He is very worried, but also shows people (referring to "thumb disease") B. The other reason is thinking.
① you doubt it to show others, and people laugh and think it's not enough. (2) at first, I thought it was not enough, but in the end, it was impossible.
5. What is the point of this article about Jun Zheng's treatment of thumb disease? Please give a brief answer in your own words. Second, the neighbor of Yang Zi, who is a dead sheep, leads his party; I also asked Yang Zi's vertical (vertical: boy servant) to chase it.
Yang Zi said, "Hey! If a sheep dies, why chase the crowd? " The neighbor said, "There are many different roads." On the contrary, he asked, "Did you get sheep?" Yue: "I am dead."
yue: "Xi Wu?" He said, "There are differences in the road, and I don't know what they are, so I'm against them." ("Liezi? 6. Explain the word "zhi" added below.
(1) Yang Zi's neighbor died; (2) Yang Zi's vertical pursuit; (7) Fill in the omitted components. On the contrary, () asked, "Did you get sheep?" () said, "I am dead."
8. Translation. There are differences in the road, which I don't know, so I'm against it.
9. What does this article tell us? Three, excessive rod to fill a few Qi Xuanwang makes people blow, will be 3 people. Nan Guo asked qi xuanwang to play the Yu, and Xuan Wang in the Zhou Dynasty was glad to hear that he was supporting him with hundreds of people.
When Xuan Wang died, Hao Wang Li listened carefully and Chu Shi fled. 1. What kind of person is Nan Guo Chu Shi? Why does he want to "please blow for the king"? Answer: 11. Chu Shi of Nanguo couldn't play the pole, but he played for Qi Xuanwang for many years. Why did this happen? Answer: 12. King Qi Min listened to the blowing pole and liked to play solo one by one. Why did Chu Shi of Nanguo escape? A: 13. What do you think Nan Guo Chu Shi will do after he escapes? A: Fourth, read the following passage in classical Chinese and answer the following questions.
① the law of Lu state: Lu people are courtiers and concubines, and those who can redeem them take gold from the government. Zi Gong (2) redeemed Lu people from princes and made them gold.
Confucius said, "Giving ③ is a loss! The actions of a sage can change customs, but teaching can be applied to the people, not just to suit their own needs. Today, the rich in Lu are few and the poor are many, so it will not hurt to take their money. If you don't take their money, you will not redeem others. "
② Zilu ④ Those who saved the drowning were worshipped by others, and Confucius said that there would be more people who saved the drowning in Lu. (Selected from Feng Menglong's "Think Tank") [Notes] ① House: refers to the state treasury.
② Zigong: Confucius' student. 3 give: the name of Zigong.
④ Zilu: Confucius' student. 14. What did Zi Gong do? What is Confucius' attitude towards his practice? What is the reason why Confucius holds this attitude? Please answer in your own words.
a: 15. There are no punctuation marks in paragraph (2). Please mark the position where punctuation marks are needed with "|". Confucius, who worships Zilu as a lifesaver, likes to say that there will be more lifesavers in Lu.
5. Read the following passage and answer the questions. Guan Zhong and Ji Peng (1) cut solitary bamboo from Huan Gong (2), and spring turned to winter, which confused them.
Guan zhong said, "the wisdom of an old horse can be used." It is to release the old horse and follow it, and then get the road.
When there is no water in the mountains, Peng Peng said, "Ants live in the sun of the mountains in winter and in the shade of the mountains in summer, and there is water in the soil." Dig it and you get water.
It's not difficult to learn from the old horse and the old ant with Guan Zhong's sage's wisdom until he doesn't know it. Isn't it too much for today's people to learn from the sage's wisdom with his foolish heart? Notes: ① Guan Zhong and Ji Peng were ministers who assisted Qi Huangong in the Spring and Autumn Period. ② Solitary bamboo: a small country in Shang and Zhou Dynasties.
③ it's not difficult: I don't care, I'm not ashamed. 16. "It's digging"