1. Notes (1) Adapting to the common customs: adapting to the common customs. Rhyme: mood and demeanor. (2) Dust net: refers to the earthly world, where the life of the government is dirty and restrained, just like a net. Here refers to official career and officialdom. (3) Thirty years: Wu Renjie considers it as "thirteen years". It happened to be thirteen years since Tao Yuanming was an official offering wine to Jiangzhou in the 18th year of Taiyuan (393) and Peng Zeling returned to the field in the first year of Yixi (45). (4) captive bird: a bird in a cage. Pond fish: the fish in the pond. Birds miss the old forest and fish miss the old home, which means they miss their old home. (5) Nanye: One book is Nanmu. International: between. (6) being clumsy: being upright. There are two words in Pan Yue's Preface to Idle Residence: "Clever officials" and "clumsy officials". Clever officials are good at gaining profits, while clumsy officials are people who are upright and upright. The meaning of being clumsy is to be upright, which can be interpreted as sticking to one's stupid nature. (7) Fang: pronounced "side". There are more than ten acres of land around the house. (8) Shade: Shade. (9) Luo: list. (1) warm: dim appearance. (11) Yiyi: gentle appearance. Market: village. (12) These two sentences are all translated into the meaning of "the cock crows high above the trees and the dog barks in the palace" in the article "Chicken Crows" written by Han Yuefu. (13) Family: Family. Dusty: worldly chores. (14) Virtual room: a quiet room. Leisure: leisure. (15) Fan: Fence. Fan Long: A bird storage tool, which is a metaphor for official career and officialdom. Return to nature: refers to returning to farming and gardening. These two sentences mean that I am like a bird in a cage, returning to nature and being free. 2. When I was a teenager, I didn't cater to the secular nature. Nature originally loved mountains and rivers (life). Wrongly fell into the net of the world for thirteen years. Birds in cages cling to the Woods where they lived, and fish in ponds miss the deep pools where they lived. Go to Yuan Ye in the south to open up wasteland, stick to stupidity, and return home to live an idyllic life. There are more than ten acres of land around the house, and there are eight or nine thatched houses. Elms and willows cover the back eaves, and peach trees and plum trees are listed in front of the hall. Far away, the inhabited village is faintly visible, and the smoke from the village rises gently with the wind. Dogs bark in deep alleys and chickens crow at the top of mulberry trees. There are no worldly chores in the door, and there are plenty of free time in the empty room. Trapped in a cage for a long time, now I can finally return to nature.

returning to the garden. 2

1. Notes on personnel: refers to making contacts with people. Martingale: The belt around a horse's neck when driving. This sentence means living in a secluded place with few chariots and horses. Qu: A secluded place. Market song: still in the countryside. Pike: Pull out. 2. There are few friends in the country and the secular, and there are few cars and horses in the lonely lanes. During the day, Chai Men remained closed, and his heart was pure and he cut off vulgar thoughts. Often set foot in remote villages and poke through the grass to communicate with each other. When we meet, we don't talk about worldly things, but only talk about the growth of rural Sang Ma. My field Sang Ma is getting taller and taller, and my cultivated land is getting wider and wider. I often worry that the frost and snow will suddenly fall and the crops will wither like weeds.

Guiyuan Tianju III

1. Notes Nanshan: refers to Lushan Mountain. G: Get up. Waste: Adjective as noun refers to weeds in bean sprouts. Hoe: Carrying a hoe. Ho, carry it. Get up in the morning and go to the fields to remove weeds. Narrow: narrow. Vegetation length: vegetation is overgrown. Wet: wet. Foot: It's worth it. But: only. Wish: refers to the desire to live in the countryside, not to bend over for five buckets of rice, and not to go along with the secular. But do what you want: as long as you don't go against your wishes. Violation: violation. 2. I planted beans at the foot of Nanshan, where weeds were flourishing and bean seedlings were scarce. Get up in the morning to clear weeds in the field, and go home with a hoe in the moonlight in the evening. The road is narrow and overgrown with vegetation, and the dew of the sunset wets my clothes. There's nothing to regret when clothes get wet, as long as they don't go against your wishes.

Return to the Garden House

1. Comment: Leave. Yamazawa: mountains and rivers and lakes. Langmang: Indulge in informality. Try: for the time being. Pi: Separate. Pull out. Hazel (zhen needle): a bush. Wasteland: a deserted village. Qiu Long: This refers to the tomb. Yiyi: A vaguely discernible appearance. Residual plants; Refers to the remaining dead wood and rotten plants. Excuse me: excuse me Payer: One who cuts wood. This person: These people refer to the people who used to live here. Why, where. Go to. Die (at the end of mo): die. A strange city in a lifetime: it means that after 3 years of changes, the city in Korea has changed beyond recognition and changed a lot. This is an idiom at that time. I: Thirty years. Chaoshi: imperial court and market, which refer to places where the public gather. Illusion: refers to the impermanence of life. Liezi. Zhou Muwang: "Those who change their shapes are called transformation and illusion. Knowing that illusion is not different from life and death, you can only learn illusion. " Nothing: extinction. Chi Chao's "To Serve the Law": "All things come to nothing, which is called emptiness." 2. I have been away from mountains, rivers and lakes for a long time, and I am comfortable in the wilderness. Let's just take our sons and nephews and walk through the bushes in the waste market. Wandering between graves, you can vaguely distinguish the former residence. There are still traces of wells and stoves, and the remains of mulberry and bamboo are withered by rotten plants. Go up and ask the woodcutter: "Where did the residents move in the past?" The woodcutter said to me, "All are dead and there is nothing left." "The face of the market has changed in 3 years", which is really true. Life is like an illusory change, and it is inevitable that nothing will disappear in the end.

Gui Yuan Tian Ju, Part V

1. Notes (1) From the content, this poem seems to be connected with the previous Prime Minister. After returning from a trip to the mountains with a feeling of disappointment, the poet warmly entertained his neighbors in the village and drank a lot. Although the poem has the meaning of eating, drinking and enjoying in time, it is full of simplicity everywhere. (2) regret: melancholy and trouble. Policy: policy stick, crutch, here for both purposes. Rugged: The rugged appearance of the ground. Calendar: Go through. Bangqu: a winding path with many trees. (3) zhuo turbidity: washing. (4) lu Lu wine: filter the wine with cloth. Filter the distiller's grains. Near game: close neighbor. (5) Sunrise: The sun sets. Jingjia: firewood for burning fire. (6) Bitterness: hate, regret. Tianxu: It's dawn. 2. Returning home on crutches alone, the road is uneven. The mountain stream is crystal clear, so rest and wash your feet on the way. Filter the newly brewed wine at home and cook a chicken to entertain the neighborhood. When the sun goes down, the room is dark, so light the firewood instead of the candle. Interest is high, resentment is short, and the east is getting white and dawn is showing.

The appreciation of editing this poem

Returning to the Garden House Part I

echoes from beginning to end, and at the same time, it is a pen to point out the theme of Returning to the Garden House. But this echo and point, do not feel reluctant at all. The whole poem, from the intense boredom of officialdom life to the beautiful pastoral scenery, the joy of a new life, naturally reveals a feeling of relief.

Returning to the Garden House Part II

This is the second part of Returning to the Garden House, which is intended to write about the tranquility of rural life. First, write "static" from the front. Living in a remote country, there is little secular communication and entertainment, and there are few guests visiting. It is precisely because there are no common people to disturb, so "cover the door in the daytime and think about it in the empty room." The Chai Men, with the door left unlocked, and the quiet bedroom have isolated the worldly noise and common thoughts from a distance. However, when Chai Men was open to the outside world, the poet often talked with his neighbors about Sang Ma. However, in the poet's view, it is not a secular "personnel" to associate with simple farmers; * * * words Sang Ma, nor "miscellaneous words". Compared with the officialdom full of cleverness and hypocrisy, there is a new world here. -This is the external "dynamic" and the internal "static". Country life also has its joys and sorrows. "Sang Ma's days are long, and my land is wide", which is gratifying; At the same time, it is "often afraid of frost, and it is the same as the grass." However, this joy and fear are not "dust thoughts". On the contrary, this simple joy and fear means that rural labor has made the poet's mind clear and pure, and his feelings simple. -this is to further demonstrate the "quietness" of the heart with the "movement" of the heart. Poets either speak from the front or from the side, so that readers can appreciate the tranquility of the countryside and their own state of mind. Yuan Haowen once said: "Is this Weng a poem? He writes straight on his chest." The poet described a quiet and pure world in this longing.

return to the garden. the third

plant beans at the foot of the south mountain, and the grass is full of bean seedlings. Explained the place of work: Nanshan; The fruits of labor: the grass is full of beans and seedlings are sparse; Contrast "abundance" with "scarcity", and write out the characteristics of the author's poor labor, but also write out the hardships of labor. Early in the morning get up early to eradicate the weeds, the night falls on the moonlight carry hoe to return. Explained the time of work: a whole day; Writing about the hardships of labor, "Returning home with the moon lotus" wrote that the poet who returned from labor was alone, but accompanied by a bright moon. Under the moon, the poet walked through waist-deep grass with a hoe, and a beautiful "returning to farming under the moon" suggested that this hardship was happy in the author's eyes. The narrow path covered with vegetation, and the night dew moistened my clothes. Wrote the hardships of labor, paving the way for the following article to write "clothes are not enough to cherish." It is not a pity to wet my clothes, but I hope not to go against my will. Point out the main idea: I wrote the hardships of labor, but this kind of hardship is happy in the author's view, because I yearn for rural life, don't bend my back for five buckets of rice, and don't want to go along with the world, which implies the author's love for rural life and criticism of the dirty society of officialdom, reflecting the author's spiritual quality of being noble and proud, being content with poverty and being indifferent to fame and fortune. The language in this poem is very plain and natural. "Planting beans in the south of the mountain" and "dew on my clothes" came out casually without any modification. This natural and plain poem is integrated into the artistic conception of the whole poem, which makes the spoken language become a poem, unifies the plain spoken language and the poetic mellow beauty harmoniously, and forms the artistic characteristics of Tao Shi's plain and mellow beauty. Tao poetry is plain and full of interest. The interest of Tao poetry comes from freehand brushwork. "Take the moon and hoe home", although the poet who returned from labor was alone, he was accompanied by a bright moon. The poet under the moon, with a hoe on his shoulder, walks through waist-deep grass. What a beautiful picture of returning to farming on a moonlit night! It is filled with the poet's happy mood and the pride of seclusion. The plain language of "planting beans under the south mountain" and the beautiful sentence of "bringing the lotus home with the moon"; The former sentence is solid, and the latter sentence is empty. The whole poem is soft and perfect under the mutual complement of plain and beautiful, real and virtual scenes.

overall appreciation

The poem vividly describes the poet's life and feelings after he retired, and expresses the author's happy mood and pleasure in living in the countryside after he resigned from his post, thus showing his love for rural life and the joy of workers. At the same time, it implies a sense of disgust at the dark and corrupt life of officialdom. It shows that the author is unwilling to go along with the flow, and is willing to endure the hardships of field life in order to maintain his complete personality and noble sentiment. In fact, the author Tao Yuanming wrote that Guiyuan Tianju is his ideal former residence. The five poems of "Returning to the Garden" are an inseparable organic whole. The reason for this is not only that the five poems describe the poet's rich and fulfilling seclusion life from the aspects of resigning from office, gathering relatives and friends, enjoying farming, visiting old friends and drinking at night, but more importantly, as far as the feelings expressed are concerned, they run through this group of poems with a natural and enjoyable interest. Although there are emotional turmoil and turning points in the poem, the bright color of joy and philosophy reflects the whole article. Some commentators are happy to praise the "no adhesion" in Yuan Ming's chest. In fact, there is still "adhesion". That is to say, when Yuan Ming resigned from his post, he wrote "Going home and coming to Xi Ci". Isn't there a sentence of "Xi is melancholy and sad alone"? That is to say, there is always a trace of melancholy in his heart. The truly pure soul will not be born (although the poet has repeatedly declared that he is "less and less vulgar, and his nature loves Qiushan"), but gradually becomes clear in the process of constantly filtering out ideological impurities. Just as a person does not want to touch the hidden pain in his heart, the poet is also reluctant to mention the filthy officialdom that has just been pulled out of it in "Returning to the Garden". "falling into the dust net by mistake" is a little regrettable. And "going for 3 years" means that from the age of 29, I "voted for Lei to study as an official", and at the age of 41, "How can I bend my back to the village for fifty dou meters" and resign from the thirteen years when pengze county made this official career ups and downs. However, today, after all, I got my wish, and my mood at the moment is suddenly relieved. "There are more than ten acres of square houses and eight or nine grass houses." Among them, there is a deep affection of "I love my home". "On the back eaves of elm Liu Yin, in front of Taoli Luotang." Behind the eaves, the willow trees are swaying, and the shadows are everywhere. The breeze calms the anxiety in the poet's heart. At present, Hua Rong, a peach and plum, is full of complexity, which arouses much joy in the poet's heart. The poet is communicating his feelings with the ignorant vegetation. As far as I can see, the smoke from the kitchen melts into the dusk, and I listen attentively, vaguely hearing dogs barking and chickens crowing. In front of me, there are a lot of paperwork files missing, and they are replaced by beloved "Qing Qin" and "Different Books". Ji Kang regards "there are many things in the world, so many cases are piled up" and "the guests are full of seats, their voices are ringing, and there are many tricks in the noisy place" ("Breaking Up with Shan Ju Yuan") as the reason for being an official. Here, the poet seems to have used the word "dusty" intentionally or unintentionally. He told us that everything that we used to have to deal with the "dust net" is gone, and there will be no more. In this sense, there is indeed a sense of "empty room"; But there is truth in it, and he has started a life completely arranged and dominated by himself. "After a long time in the cage, I am back to nature." "Jiujiu" and "Thirty Years" set each other off, "Fanlong" and "Dust Net" set each other off, "Nature" and "Sex" set each other off, and the word "Return" points out the fun of "Return with Soul". Yes, the officialdom eroded his half life and defiled his "chastity", but today, after all the hardships, the poet finally got a gratifying compensation. It was the poet's heartfelt cheers that finally broke away from the cage, returned to the mountains like a bird, gained freedom, and bid farewell to official life. This sentence is the crowning touch, echoing the beginning, and it shows the poet's noble ambition and dissatisfaction with the dark reality. The whole poem (one) is based on lyricism, with descriptions of rural scenery, and self-metaphor of "catching birds" and "pond fish", which fully shows the poet's feelings of loving free and simple rural life and despising ugly official life. Scenes blend together, the language is unpretentious, and the confrontation is very natural. Readers can not only see the countryside, houses, elms, peaches and plums, smell dogs barking and chickens crowing, but also see a free and easy poet singing the voice of "returning to nature after a long time in the cage" in this quiet pastoral scenery. "There are few people in the wild, and there are few wheels in the poor lanes." I think these two sentences should be understood backwards: "I came to the wild for the sake of rare personnel, and I lived in a back alley for the sake of avoiding entertainment." You should know that this is not an objective narrative, but a subjective choice. The poet retired from the officialdom to the "wild", from the "wild" to the "poor alley", "hiding the scenery in the daytime", and sitting in the room, "thinking about wine." Layers of prevention, avoiding the world for fear that it is not far away, screen breaking friends for fear that it is not enough, and abandoning common concerns for fear that it will not be exhausted. poet