1 methods of taking notes in primary school Chinese
First, remember the teacher's blackboard writing.
Teachers' blackboard writing is carefully planned and designed by teachers, which can highlight the key points of teachers' teaching. Students can see at a glance what they are teaching through blackboard writing. Remembering writing on the blackboard is helpful for us to clarify the internal relationship between the knowledge structure of teaching materials and each part of knowledge, and to better grasp the essence and laws of things. Therefore, in addition to the calculus process of scientific problems, it is generally necessary to write down the contents of the blackboard completely.
In order to strengthen the key points and difficulties, teachers usually use different colors of chalk to write and draw, and use words, symbols, lines, charts and other forms to concretize and visualize the contents of teaching materials, which makes them have unique appeal and also enables students to be influenced by art and trained in thinking. For example, the article "The Little Match Girl" is designed in this way, with distinct levels, which reveals the mind of the article and the author's writing intention, highlights the key points, and gives students a general understanding of the structure of the whole article, which is of great help to review and consolidate.
Second, grasp the knowledge points of the text and write down the main contents of the lecture.
When taking notes, we should not only pay attention to the knowledge system explained by the teacher, but also pay attention to the key points and difficulties of the explanation, and write down key sentences in a targeted manner. We should pay attention to write down the problems that the teacher reminds us and emphasize the places that are easy to make mistakes, and write down the main points, main arguments, argumentation methods, scope of application and problems that should be paid attention to when using basic principles, theorems and rules. When teachers talk about important or difficult content, there are always some hints: they either deliberately pause before speaking to attract your attention, or repeat the content after speaking to strengthen your memory. We should observe carefully and take notes in time.
For example, the article "The Little Match Girl" should grasp the full text and take "matches" as the clue. First of all, we should write that the little girl is starving and selling matches in the street. Then, we should write that the poor little girl curled up in the corner and lit matches to keep warm, and saw four beautiful hallucinations. Finally, we should write that the little girl was frozen to death by a burnt matchstick in the street. The point of the article is that the little girl struck a match five times, which made her have four beautiful dreams: a burning stove, a delicious roast goose full of food, a beautiful Christmas tree full of gifts, and a kind grandmother who loved her. "Take notes in class. At the same time, we should remember that the premise of taking notes is that it cannot affect the normal listening and thinking, so we need to seize the opportunity when taking notes.
There are three opportunities to take notes: one is that the teacher should seize the time to grab notes when writing on the blackboard; Second, when the teacher teaches key content, he should take time to take shorthand and take notes; Third, we should take the time to make up what we haven't written down as soon as possible after class. The contents of taking notes generally include: ① the importance and difficulty of knowledge. ② Doubt about knowledge. (3) Remember the knowledge points added by the teacher that are not in the book. Some contents do not need attention: ① Secondary knowledge. Something that can be understood at a glance. ③ Common sense in textbooks.
Third, write down the main contents of the lecture and take notes after class.
When sorting out notes after class, add marginal notes, comments, feelings, etc. The reserved part of the notebook. These signs can not only promote students' understanding of knowledge, but also provide clues for their future memory and study. Due to the limited class time, what the teacher said may have been omitted at that time, and the writing may be very sloppy. After class, you should sort out, summarize and supplement your notes in time for future review. In addition, don't delay class because of taking notes. We should listen, think and take notes. When taking notes, we should first pay attention to its practicality and focus on those knowledge points that we have not mastered or are rare in the materials.
Four, in the notes, correctly handle the relationship between listening, thinking and remembering.
Taking notes is only a means to help us attend classes, not the main task of learning. Therefore, we should focus on listening, thinking and understanding in class. Because the main points you really understand and master are the main contents you can recall when you look through your notes in the future. So try to listen, think and take notes as much as possible, so that the three can be coordinated. If you only pursue the integrity of notes in class and neglect listening and understanding carefully, you will get sesame seeds and lose watermelon. Some students don't concentrate on listening and thinking in class, but on taking notes. They misappropriate their deskmate's notebook because they didn't hear a word clearly or didn't keep up, and often can't remember each other in the end. Therefore, for some words that can't be written for the time being or the contents that can't be remembered, we should leave spaces decisively, mark them well, jump boldly and follow the teacher's instructions. After class, you can use your classmates' notes with good memory to check for leaks and fill in gaps.
5. Where should I put my notes?
Many students have class notebooks. Just write them down. But according to experience, class notes should be recorded in textbooks as much as possible. There are always some blanks in the top, bottom, left and right of every page of the textbook. New words and phrases can be recorded in the left and right margins, paragraphs can be recorded at the end of each page, important sentences and paragraph analysis can be recorded in the upper and lower margins, the central idea and writing characteristics can be recorded in the "thinking and practice" at the end of the article, and some background information and literary common sense can be recorded in the title at the end of the article.
In fact, the blank space in the text can accommodate all the contents of the class notes. If it is not enough, you can post a blank page on the recent text and write down what you can't remember on this blank page. This way, taking notes is convenient for review, and you don't have to turn over the text for a while. Of course, this is just a method, and where to write it depends on students' habits and actual situation. Methods often vary from person to person and are varied. For example, some students take notes in the text: the central idea can be expressed by the center, the general idea of a paragraph can be expressed by the meaning of a paragraph, and even the specific content can be expressed by symbols such as O, X and△. Generally speaking, as long as you can understand the class notes.
2 primary school Chinese note-taking methods
1. Tie your notes to your book.
Just kidding, in fact, it means that no matter what notes you take, you should put them together with your study materials. The advantages of taking notes with a notebook are: all information is concentrated in one notebook, which is easy to carry; The disadvantage is that the location of the information recorded in the notebook is relatively fixed, which is not convenient to organize, that is, it is not convenient to adjust back and forth, add or delete information, because you will be in a mess if you don't change it several times on a page. Post-it card-as a form of loose-leaf paper, its characteristic is "living", completely subject to your management, without any restrictions. It not only retains the advantages of notebook taking notes, but also makes up for the inflexibility of notebook, which is convenient for sorting, classifying, consulting and saving materials in the future. Read the card for a long time, and your information will be enriched. On this basis, through summing up, you will get a lot of valuable and meaningful things.
2. Separate your notes.
Most notes are divided into main outlines and details you want to remember. When you want to find a special information, you only need to browse the main outline and then look for details accordingly. Therefore, an effective way is to separate the notebooks. It's best to divide a page into two halves, half of which records the main outline and the other half records the details. But if you take notes in a book, you can only draw the main points with highlights and draw the details with pen and ink. In this way, the books are in a mess. The notebook uses one page to record the details, and the next page records the outline of the corresponding steps. If it is a class note, when recording, record the important content in the record column, which is the main part of the note. Write the key words of the lecture content in the memory column on the left after class. These two pillars complement each other. This is a scientific way to learn and take notes. You can also use it for self-study at ordinary times.
3. Standardize the symbols in your notes
I can't remember how many times I read the scribbled abbreviations in my notebook. They were written a few months ago, but now I can't remember what they mean. If you are considering using some abbreviations that are not commonly used when taking notes, you'd better think twice before you do. Otherwise, after a while, I don't even know what I wrote. Therefore, if you want to use simplified words, you'd better write down the specific meaning of each word on the front page of your notebook, so that you won't be in a hurry when reviewing later.
4. Set aside time to process your notes.
This is very important, because if you don't read it, you'd better not take notes and waste time, energy and books. After the notes are completed, if they are class notes, they should be reviewed within 24 hours, which will help to play the role of notes-strengthen the knowledge structure. If it is a reading note, you can read it again and read it again on the basis of what you have, so that you can have a deeper understanding of the book you have read, which is another function of the note.
5. Keep your notes systematic.
No matter how many colors of notes you take, make every note systematic. In other words, they have the same structure, color representation, symbol representation and so on. In this way, your notes will look very similar, and you will find that you can browse them faster and find the information you need quickly. Maintaining the system means maintaining efficiency. This is good and important.
3 primary school Chinese note-taking methods
First, remember the teacher's blackboard writing.
Teachers' blackboard writing is carefully planned and designed by teachers, which can highlight the key points of teachers' teaching. Students can see at a glance what they are teaching through blackboard writing. Remembering writing on the blackboard is helpful for us to clarify the internal relationship between the knowledge structure of teaching materials and each part of knowledge, and to better grasp the essence and laws of things. Therefore, in addition to the calculus process of scientific problems, it is generally necessary to write down the contents of the blackboard completely. In order to strengthen the key points and difficulties, teachers usually use different colors of chalk to write and draw, and use words, symbols, lines, charts and other forms to concretize and visualize the contents of teaching materials, which makes them have unique appeal and also enables students to be influenced by art and trained in thinking.
For example, after studying the article "Little Pine Tree", students finally realize that "only when you grow taller can you see farther." In this sentence, I asked three students to write down their classic feelings on the blackboard: "Only by standing higher can we see farther." "But as long as you go up a flight of stairs, you can broaden your horizons by 300 miles." "Only by being proactive can you gain more." It takes some time to write on the blackboard, so I usually write on the blackboard at the beginning or end of class, which is convenient for students to take notes and will not affect the class. No matter which method is adopted, it is indispensable for primary school students to help them form the habit of taking notes and improve their ability to take notes.
Second, write down the main contents of the lecture.
When taking notes, we should not only pay attention to the knowledge system explained by the teacher, but also pay attention to the key points and difficulties of the explanation, and write down key sentences in a targeted manner. We should pay attention to write down the problems that the teacher reminds us and emphasize the places that are easy to make mistakes, and write down the main points, main arguments, argumentation methods, scope of application and problems that should be paid attention to when using basic principles, theorems and rules. When teachers talk about important or difficult content, there are always some hints: they either deliberately pause before speaking to attract your attention, or repeat the content after speaking to strengthen your memory. We should observe carefully and take notes in time.
For example, the article "The Little Match Girl" should grasp the full text and take "matches" as the clue. First of all, we should write that the little girl is starving and selling matches in the street. Then, we should write that the poor little girl curled up in the corner and lit matches to keep warm, and saw four beautiful hallucinations. Finally, we should write that the little girl was frozen to death by a burnt matchstick in the street. The point of the article is that the little girl struck a match five times, which made her have four beautiful dreams: a burning stove, a delicious roast goose full of food, a beautiful Christmas tree full of gifts, and a kind grandmother who loved her. "Take notes in class.
At the same time, we should remember that the premise of taking notes is that it cannot affect the normal listening and thinking, so we need to seize the opportunity when taking notes. There are three opportunities to take notes: one is that the teacher should seize the time to grab notes when writing on the blackboard; Second, when the teacher teaches key content, he should take time to take shorthand and take notes; Third, we should take the time to make up what we haven't written down as soon as possible after class. The contents of taking notes generally include: ① the importance and difficulty of knowledge. ② Doubt about knowledge. (3) Remember the knowledge points added by the teacher that are not in the book. Some contents do not need attention: ① Secondary knowledge. Something that can be understood at a glance. ③ Common sense in textbooks.
Third, deal with the relationship between listening, thinking and remembering.
Taking notes is only a means to help us attend classes, not the main task of learning. Therefore, we should focus on listening, thinking and understanding in class. Because the main points you really understand and master are the main contents you can recall when you look through your notes in the future. So try to listen, think and take notes as much as possible, so that the three can be coordinated. If you only pursue the integrity of notes in class and neglect listening and understanding carefully, you will get sesame seeds and lose watermelon. Some students don't concentrate on listening and thinking in class, but on taking notes. They misappropriate their deskmate's notebook because they didn't hear a word clearly or didn't keep up, and often can't remember each other in the end. Therefore, for some words that can't be written for the time being or the contents that can't be remembered, we should leave spaces decisively, mark them well, jump boldly and follow the teacher's instructions. After class, you can use your classmates' notes with good memory to check for leaks and fill in gaps.
Fourth, the location of taking class notes.
Many students have class notebooks. Just write them down. But according to experience, class notes should be recorded in textbooks as much as possible. There are always some blanks in the top, bottom, left and right of every page of the textbook. New words and phrases can be recorded in the left and right margins, paragraphs can be recorded at the end of each page, important sentences and paragraph analysis can be recorded in the upper and lower margins, the central idea and writing characteristics can be recorded in the "thinking and practice" at the end of the article, and some background information and literary common sense can be recorded in the title at the end of the article. In fact, the blank space in the text can accommodate all the contents of the class notes.
If it is not enough, you can post a blank page on the recent text and write down what you can't remember on this blank page. This way, taking notes is convenient for review, and you don't have to turn over the text for a while. Of course, this is just a method, and where to write it depends on students' habits and actual situation. Methods often vary from person to person and are varied. For example, some students take notes in the text: the central idea can be expressed by the center, the general idea of a paragraph can be expressed by the meaning of a paragraph, and even the specific content can be expressed by symbols such as O, X and△. Generally speaking, as long as you can understand the class notes.
Fifth, prepare a special classroom notebook.
Form the foundation of good study habits. Classroom notebook doesn't mean that you write down everything the teacher says in class. Generally speaking, it is mainly based on the teacher's blackboard, followed by grasping the key points explained by the teacher and recording them in the notebook. Each subject is recorded in a different way. For example, some concepts and laws in mathematics are all in books, so you don't need to remember them. Just draw key figures in the book, but some teachers' understanding of concepts and some problem-solving skills must be recorded, because these may be the experience that teachers have summed up for a long time or even a lifetime. Do you think it is important or not?
Some texts of Chinese classes may not be marked in books such as the author's introduction, writing background and writing characteristics. In order to expand students' knowledge, or according to the teaching requirements, teachers will certainly give a brief introduction to these in class, which is also the focus of teaching and the focus of students taking notes by consulting a large number of materials or using their own teaching experience. When reviewing in this way, the efficiency will be high and more things will be accumulated. Why do you say that every subject should have a special notebook? Because different subjects take notes in different ways, and sometimes the mixed notebooks are messy, which is inconvenient to review and inefficient to find.
4 primary school Chinese note-taking methods
1, determine the content
When taking class notes, be sure to be clear about what to remember. Generally remember the following four aspects:
(1) heavy and difficult type. In preparing for the exam, we should believe that the teacher is experienced, pay attention to the knowledge points repeatedly emphasized by the teacher, and be sure to remember them well, completely and accurately. Usually, the knowledge points emphasized by teachers often appear in the form of keywords and clues. Key words refer to the content of the lecture. Words with important status can be used as triggers for memory. Clue sentences are sentences used by the lecturer to prompt the important information that will appear soon, such as "the following aspects are very important", "the main conclusion is" and "the main question to be tested in the exam is". After hearing such a statement, students should pay attention to recording the key contents that the teacher is going to talk about.
The difficulties we find in previewing or doing problems are our difficulties, so we should pay full attention to them. For these, we should not only write down the knowledge points, but also write down relevant examples and typical cases.
(2) where is easy to make mistakes, confusing, unclear or ambiguous, especially what you still don't understand after the teacher explains, you should write it down and ask the teacher or classmates after class. You can take a notebook and a pen and ask the teacher or classmate who answered your question to write down the main points, example sentences or typical cases directly in the notebook, or you can write them down while listening to the explanation. This is something that many students have never tried. You might as well try.
(3) Remember what is not in the book and what the teacher added. These contents are often important test sites, and you may gain an advantage by writing this knowledge down. If you must use a large paragraph in the book, you can indicate it in the form of "see page _ line to _". If there is anything written down, leave a space for you to make up after class.
(4) Remember the outline, diagram and solution listed by the teacher on the blackboard. If the outline is basically the same as the book, you don't have to remember it, just sketch it out in the book; If it is different from the book, the teacher will rearrange the content of this lesson, and this outline should be written down completely as a reference for his review and summary.
Step 2 pay attention to speed
The speed of teachers' lectures is generally about 90 words per minute, while the speed of students' taking notes in class is 20-40 words per minute. Many students complain that the teacher speaks too fast to remember. In fact, the speed of a teacher's lecture is limited, neither too fast nor too slow. This requires us to pay attention to the speed of taking notes and master some shorthand methods. Taking notes by notation is a quick way. In addition, you can also use the compression method to remember, that is, to grasp some key words in the teacher's lecture and summarize the meaning of a paragraph with short words. It is the key to improve the recording speed and concentrate on listening. Only by truly understanding what the teacher said can we compress and record it accurately.
Step 3 pay attention to the method
First of all, pay attention to the way of taking notes. Take notes in notebooks, books or a combination of the two. It's best to combine notebooks with books. The relatively complete contents of the teacher's blackboard writing, such as text structure diagram, characters, plot analysis, etc., can be recorded in the notebook at a glance; The analysis of words, phrases and sentences, the level of paragraphs in the text, and the controversial and difficult problems in learning can be directly recorded in the corresponding places in the book, which saves time and is convenient for review.
Secondly, we should pay attention to methods. You can use symbols to take notes. There are many kinds of symbols, the most common ones are circled, underlined, marked with question marks and exclamation marks. If you use "|" or "||" to indicate the paragraph level, please use "?" Indicate key words, use ""to indicate new words that need to be mastered, use "~ ~" to indicate wonderful sentences, use "-"to indicate central sentences, and use "?" Express doubt, etc. The meanings expressed by various symbols should always be consistent. You can also use symbols. For example, the phonetic notation of words can be directly marked above the words, or concentrated in the blank areas above and below the page; For the analysis of keywords, you can also make comments in the blanks next to the corresponding sentence paragraphs to explain their meaning or usage. You can also use freehand brushwork, for example, the general idea and central meaning of an article can be recorded at the end of the paragraph.
4, timely finishing
Taking notes in class, in order to keep up with the teacher's teaching, it is inevitable that there will be omissions and clerical errors, which will not work well in the future. Therefore, after class, we should strike while the iron is hot, compare books, recall relevant information in time, and fill in gaps, jumps, omissions, notes, etc. In handwriting, correct clerical errors and correct mistakes or inaccuracies in time. You can also classify by number and discard irrelevant ones. This can not only help us deepen our impression of what we have learned, improve and consolidate the effect of memory, but also cultivate our rigorous and thorough study habits and improve our ability to analyze and summarize.