The Middle East is the oldest cradle of human civilization, and Turkey is one of the important sources of ancient civilization in the Middle East. Ancient Asia Minor, also called Anatolia, is now Turkey. In this land, the oldest civilization recorded in writing is Hittite civilization. More than 3,200 years ago, Hittites and ancient Egyptians signed the first recorded peace agreement in human history. At present, the history of Anatolia recorded in historical books is almost related to Hittites. Hittite leaders are of Indo-European descent. More than 2,000 years ago, Hittites came to Anatolia from the western Black Sea via the Bosporus Strait. With military strength and diplomatic wisdom, they gradually integrated into the local society. Hittite kingdom was originally composed of many ethnic tribes, and later the Hittite population became more and more, occupying the majority, and developed into a powerful Hittite kingdom. It is about150km eastward from Ankara to Boaz Koy village in Chorum province, which is the ancient city of Hattushah, the capital of Hittite Empire in history. There is a Hittite king's palace in the city. The town is surrounded by mountains and waters, and it is conceivable that it was beautiful and prosperous in those days. Aragahoyuk, near the ancient city, is the earliest residence of Hittites, and the ancient Egyptian-style sphinx stone carving stands at its entrance. Today's palace is just a ruin, which is embarrassing. The most striking thing is that in the center of the open-air site, there is a whole turquoise with a height of about 80 cm and a width of about 85 cm. After 3300 years of wind and rain, it is still intact and radiant. This magnificent boulder is a testimony to the courage and wisdom of human beings in pursuing peace. The first time and the 500 years from about 1700 BC to 1200 BC were the prosperous period of Hittite, which was called "Hittite Empire" in history. They successively occupied many places in Anatolia, and continued to expand outward, successively captured the present locations of Syria and Palestine, and moved eastward, captured Babylon, the capital of the Babylonian Empire, and became a powerful country in the Middle East, which clashed with Egypt, an ancient civilization at that time. The war between Hittites and ancient Egyptians lasted 16 years, and both sides were exhausted and suffered heavy losses. Especially for Pharaoh, the burden of expedition is even heavier. Both sides have the intention of going on strike, but neither of them is willing to give in. BC 1275, King Hittite died. The new king is Hattushiri III, the younger brother of the old king. He wanted to make every effort to stabilize the internal affairs and establish his own achievements, so he took the initiative to send a friendly mission to Egypt for peace. This is exactly what Ramses II wanted. The two sides signed the earliest recorded peace treaty in human history in Kadish, which Pharaoh called "Memphis Peace Treaty". The peace treaty is engraved on a silver plate, which reads: "The great and brave Hittite king Hattushiri and the great and brave Egyptian Pharaoh Ramses jointly swear: from now on, the two sides will trust each other and never fight; When a country is bullied by another country, another country should send troops to support it ... "After the signing of the peace treaty, King Khatuxili was very happy to marry his daughter to Ramses II. In order to commemorate this "victory", Ramses II chose a precious huge turquoise from the south of Egypt, which is rich in turquoise, as a gift to the Hittite king. Hittite king put it in a hall. Since then, the two powerful countries in the Middle East have lived in peace for decades, and the people have lived and worked in peace. Turkey, I don't know you very well. When it comes to Turkey, China people's impressions are mostly related to the Ottoman Empire. In fact, Turkey is one of the cradles of ancient civilizations in the Middle East. Some historians have divided 6,000 years of human civilization into 26 civilizations, among which Babylon, ancient Egypt, Hittites, Byzantium, ancient Greece, Christianity, Orthodox Church, Arabia, Persia and Osman all left a deep impression on this land, and the remains of civilizations in different periods are all over Turkey. Turks are deeply proud of this land and ancient civilization. Many splendid ancient civilizations, including Hittite civilization, have been continuously revealed with archaeological discoveries. For example, the earliest known tribal site in the world is Hoyuk, Catalonia, Turkey, and the earliest landscape painting in history exists on the ancient house wall of the site, dating back to 6200 BC. The picture shows the scene of volcanic eruption. According to research, this volcanic eruption may occur in Hassan Mountain. Two of the seven famous wonders of the ancient world are in Anatolia, namely the Temple of Artemis (the goddess of the moon) in evers, the ancient city of Izmir, and the tomb of Kalia of Harry kanis. The other five wonders are the pyramids in Egypt, the hanging gardens in Babylon, the statue of Zeus in Olympia, the bronze statue of Apollo in Rhodes and the lighthouse in Alexandria. Julius Caesar's famous saying "I came, I saw, I conquered" was written in Amasya, east of Ankara, when he went to Anatolia in 47 BC. Anatolia is said to be the earliest Christian holy land. According to legend, the irrigation source of the Garden of Eden in the Bible comes from a big river. After flowing out of the Garden of Eden, this river is divided into four rivers, two of which originate from the Tigris River and the Euphrates River in the eastern mountainous areas of Turkey. St Paul was born in Tass, southern Turkey, and most of his missionary activities were in Anatolia, where he wrote most of the Bible for early Christians. Legend has it that the Virgin Mary, born in Jerusalem, left her hometown for the north and died in Turkey after losing her beloved son, Christ. Seven Christian Apocalypse churches are all built in Anatolia. They are located in evers, Smyrna, Perm, Jatila, Sardis, FerraDelfia and Laodicen. According to legend, Saint Nicholas, now known as Santa Claus, was born and lived in Demre. He is the bishop of Myra. He secretly gave a dowry to the daughter of a poor man, which was the origin of the custom of giving gifts on Christmas Eve, and later became a Christmas tradition all over the world. When people pursue the remains of human civilization and visit the former site of Hittite country, they can't help sighing that Hittites and ancient Egyptians signed the first recorded peace agreement in human history more than 3200 years ago. The battle of Kingoma showed courage and wisdom, and it also needs courage and wisdom to achieve peace. Unfortunately, in BC 1200, the Hittite kingdom suddenly disappeared. It is said that the Hittite kingdom was destroyed by natural and man-made disasters at that time because of the epidemic of plague and the invasion of other nationalities. For more than 3,000 years, until now, war and peace have always been the heaviest topics in the Middle East.

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