1, "A mortal's heart is more dangerous than a mountain and river" —————————— This was said in Zhuangzi more than two thousand years ago. No wonder China people only explore the human mind, but not the natural mountains and rivers.

2. "Those who steal (steal) hooks (shackles) will be punished, and those who steal the country are vassals, and the door of the vassals is still benevolent"-China people have no sense of truth, only a sense of loyalty to the emperor and a sense of power, and power can monopolize the truth.

In fact, China people are only interested in "the beauty of the original heaven and earth" and are not interested in the outside truth.

4. "Wandering outside the dirt (secular), enjoying nothing"-an intellectual like Zhuangzi is divorced from productive labor, and his research is too empty and negative. Although his personal achievements are great, it is a tragedy for the nation.

5. "Alone (alone) in the spiritual intercourse between heaven and earth, but not arrogant (proud) in all things" ——————————————————————— China people only have spiritual intercourse with the universe naturally, and have no desire to conquer and explore.

6. "Work at sunrise, rest at sunset, and live freely between heaven and earth" —————————————————————————————————— A picture of small-scale peasant economy.

7. "Don't like, don't be sad, don't be proud, don't be ugly and don't be poor" —— Zhuangzi's words mean that he is not happy about longevity, not sad about his early death, not proud of his understanding and not ashamed of poverty. Happy-go-lucky, happy-go-lucky, let China people lost their initiative.

8. "In recent months, I have been hiding the universe and wandering outside the world (secular)" ————————————————————— The idea of seclusion often makes China people lack the courage to "I have the courage to join the WTO, and I will bear all the joys and sorrows of the inferior world".

9. "Heaven and earth coexist with me, and everything is one with me" —————————————————————————————————————— The idea of the unity of man and nature cannot produce the concept of exploring nature and modern science.

10, "The world is not boastful and discouraged, and the world is not depressed" (the world is not proud of boasting, and the world is not depressed) —————————————————————— China people are average, standardized and moderate, and few people are as independent as Zhuangzi.

1 1, "People with the highest realm don't feel their existence, people with the highest realm don't pursue achievements, and saints don't seek fame and fortune"-China people's thoughts on fame and fortune are extremely heavy, so some people stand up against fame and fortune.

12, "Wren nests in the deep forest, but there is only one; Moles drink river water, but they are full. Wren birds nest in deep forests, but one branch is enough. Why should they own the whole forest? Moles drink water by the river, but only when they are full. Why do they want to occupy the whole river? Contentment is the same idea of Confucianism and Taoism, and it is also the reflection of agricultural society.

13, "The mountain that was photographed in the past is inhabited by immortals. If the skin is ice and snow, if you are a virgin, don't eat grains, suck the wind and drink dew, that's graceful and restrained. Ride the dragon in the clouds and travel around the world "(In the distant Gushe Mountain, there are immortals living there. His skin is as white as ice and snow, and his charm is as elegant as a virgin. He doesn't eat the world's food, he drinks dew. China society is too dark, so there are ordinary people and pure hermits, but there are no warriors who dare to join the WTO, challenge the society and fight.

14, "Form (body) can make it look like wood (dead wood), and heart can make it look like dying embers" ——————————————————————————————— This is probably that the orientals escape from the world and make it look like Buddhist nirvana.

15, "Life-long service is not successful, fatigue does not know where to go, don't be sad!" Sadly, the world has been striving for fame and fortune all its life, but it doesn't work. I'm so tired that I don't know where I belong. ) Zhuangzi opposes striving for fame and fortune, but can ordinary people make ends meet without working hard?

16, "yes and yes, there are also. He is also a right and wrong, and this is also a right and wrong "(this is another, this is another, there is no distinction between right and wrong, and there is no distinction between right and wrong) —————————: China people don't have much sense of right and wrong, and a hundred schools of thought teach people to confuse right and wrong, regardless of good and evil, or take evil as good (for example, Confucianism regards evil virtue that binds people as good, while Legalists regard violence and intrigue as good).

17, "heaven and earth refer to one thing, and everything is a horse" (there is only one element in heaven and earth, and everything is just one kind) ————————————————— In view of the famous argument that a white horse is not a horse, Zhuangzi "thinks that everything is a horse". Under the guidance of this chaotic and relativistic thought, it is certainly impossible for China to produce Plato's dualism of soul and flesh, Aristotle's classification of plants and physical exploration.

18, "Outside Liuhe, there are no saints; Within Liuhe, the sage talks without discussing. (For things outside the world, the sage hangs it for the time being and does not discuss it; For things within the world, saints state but don't judge subjectively) For things outside Liuhe, China people have no desire to explore. Therefore, science and technology can not be separated from immediate practicality, and philosophy is only secular.

19, "The dream of the past is a butterfly, lifelike. ..... I didn't know that Zhou dreamed of a butterfly, but the butterfly dreamed of Zhou He. (In the past, I dreamed of butterflies, which flew vividly. ..... but after waking up, I'm not sure whether I dreamed of butterflies or whether butterflies dreamed of seeing me. )-China's philosopher's thought is vague and dreamy, fluttering and careless, without rigorous thinking.

20. "My life is limited, but so is my knowledge. With the limit, it is almost infinite. " Our life is limited, but our knowledge is infinite, so we are bound to get into trouble. ) ——————————————— Zhuangzi also advocated "not learning" to keep his spirit and cope with the infinity of knowledge. About the interpersonal relationship discussed by China people, knowledge is useless, but experience is enough. Westerners pay attention to nature, and then the usefulness of knowledge can be reflected. So there is a famous saying in the west that knowledge is power.

2 1, "Good has no near name, and evil has no near punishment. The governor thinks that classics can preserve health, live for a lifetime, support relatives and last for several years. Don't be famous for doing good, and don't violate the criminal law for doing bad. Live by rules and skills. In this way, you can stay healthy forever, you can save your life, you can save your loved ones, and you can enjoy the rest of your life. ) Zhuangzi is not only opposed to the use of strategy, but also a great strategist, which can be said to be a philistine and good at making a living. Perhaps his idea of living by deception is forced by reality.

22. "Everyone knows usefulness (useful things are useful), but they don't know uselessness (useless things are useful)." ——————————————— Zhuangzi discovered uselessness, that is, staying away from officialdom, fame and wealth, nobility, giving up social responsibility and letting tyranny run rampant.

23. "Life and death, poverty and wealth, virtue and immorality, shame and humiliation, hunger and thirst, cold and heat, things are transformed, and life is a journey" ————————————————————————————— Both Confucianism and Taoism have strong faith in fate. Therefore, in the spirit of Ah Q, they agree with the despotism and corruption of the rulers and their own poverty and abuse of power.

24. "Don't hurt your health with likes and dislikes, but always be obedient to nature" —————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— It is a typical China thought to take heaven as a teacher, be obedient to nature and live a long life. Zhuangzi also fell into the secular world.

25. "In ancient times, real people slept (slept) without dreams, felt (woke) carefree, didn't want to eat (didn't indulge in taste), and breathed deeply"-Zhuangzi demanded to forget himself ("no self"), forget his misfortune and shrink into the turtle shell.

26. "In ancient times, real people didn't know how to be happy (not happy to live) or how to die (not worried about death)" ——————————————— Life in troubled times was uncertain, so they had to ignore life and death with the spirit of Ah Q.

27. "If you don't give your heart to the Tao (subjectively, it doesn't change the objective), and you don't help the Heaven (you don't hinder the nature by man), you are called a real person" —————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————.

28. "The sage defeated the country with his troops without losing the hearts of the people" —————————————————— Winning the hearts of the people with his troops, and defeating the enemy without fighting, this is the highest realm of China's use of troops.

29. "It is better to forget about the rivers and lakes; It is better to forget each other than to be arrogant. Fish, instead of wetting each other with spittle and struggling to survive, forget each other and swim in the nature of rivers and lakes; Instead of praising the wise monarch of Yao and Shun and accusing the unruly tyrant, it is better to forget right and wrong and return to the way of nature. Forgetting right and wrong equals good and evil, which is beneficial to realm cultivation, but very harmful to social progress.

30. "Big chunks carry me in shape, toil me in life, mourn me in old age and rest me in death" (the earth carries me in body, making my life difficult, making my old age enjoyable and finally making me rest in death)-Zhuangzi has a deep sense of sadness here, which is rare in China.

3 1, "Born as a wart, died as a wart" (born as a burden, died as a relief) —————————————————————— Life in China is too painful.

32. "Fish forget rivers and lakes, but people forget Taoism" ————————— China people can only forget secular pain and enter the freedom of imagination, but cannot strive for and win the freedom of reality.

The word "forgetting" is a unique skill for China people to deal with crises in their lives.

34. "Ride a lonely bird out of the six poles, travel to a land with nothing, and travel to a vast field." Riding a slender bird, walking out of the depths of the universe, roaming in nothingness and wandering in infinite fields)-this is the freedom of imagination and spirit, which is different from the liberalism of modern western countries.

35. "If you look in the mirror with your heart, you won't welcome it, but you shouldn't hide it, so you can get something without hurting it" (The person with the highest realm, like a mirror, looks at things mercilessly, disagrees with them, doesn't welcome them, and doesn't hide his feelings, so he can despise foreign things without being sad) ——————————————————————————————————.

36. "Benevolent people in this world worry about the world" (Today, people with lofty ideals look far away and worry) Zhuangzi is deeply worried about society. It's a pity that the result he is worried about is not fighting, but escaping.

37. "An inhuman person is determined to live his own life (referring to indulging his own desires) and is greedy for wealth" —————————————————————————— This short-term behavior that only cares about immediate enjoyment and ignores future life and death is the most common among China people.

38. "Everything in the world is easy to change (its nature), the villain dies for profit (greedy for petty gain), the scholar (intellectual) dies for the name, the husband dies for the family, and the sage dies for the world. Therefore, different careers and reputations of several children are harmful (harmful to nature), and as a martyr (sacrificing his life for martyrdom), one is also "——————————————————————————————————————— Zhuang's eyes are complete villains and saints, and he advocates the preservation of human nature. However, in reality, ordinary people eager for fame and fortune are like crucian carp crossing the river. It is too early for China people to oppose alienation. Underdeveloped material civilization will only lead to poverty and backwardness.

39. "Living with animals, family and everything are combined. Evil is like knowing a gentleman and being a villain, just like ignorance. Its virtue is inseparable from its desire, which means simplicity, simplicity and human nature "(living with animals and growing with all things * * *). Regardless of gentlemen and villains, everyone is ignorant; True human nature can be maintained, and everyone has no desire. It's called returning to nature. Return to nature, then people can preserve their nature. ) Returning to nature should be personal and psychological, not in the wild.

40. "Abandoning wisdom and wisdom, the thief is the only one; Picking pearls destroys jade, and thieves can't afford it; Burning symbols break the seal, while the people are simple; Cut the bucket and break the balance, the people do not dispute "(abandon the theory of benevolence and holiness, there will be no thieves; Destroy the pearl treasure jade, so that petty theft will not happen; Burning the contract and smashing the purport, the people are naturally simple and have no desire; Breaking the container, breaking the scale, will naturally make people argue)-anti-knowledge, anti-civilization, anti-competition, this is the origin of China culture.

4 1, "More men (men) fear (worry), more money and more things, and a long life is more humiliating" ———————————————————— Zhuangzi is open-minded. He looks at people's secular behavior from the opposite side. Where's ah q Zhuangzi is Ah Q's spiritual mentor.

42. "Forgetting things and days is called forgetting yourself (forgetting me). People who forget themselves are called to heaven (the unity of heaven and man). People in China forget themselves. Without themselves, they forget themselves. Westerners emphasize human subjectivity, individuality and self.

43, "rule the world, not Shang Xian, not enabled. The world is like a standard branch, and people are like wild deer. The highest state of governing the country and leveling the world is not advocating talents, but reusing talents. You are like a branch without thoughts, and the people are like wild deer. ) Ignorance is Zhuangzi's ideal society. Why doesn't he devote himself to building a new free society? Do people in China lack creativity?

44. "A person who knows how to be happy has no complaints, no mistakes, no worries, and no ghosts" (a person who knows how to be happy doesn't complain about the sky, treats others, is not bound by everything, and is not disturbed by ghosts and gods)-China people are optimists and atheists (not atheists). Some people say that a nation without tragic consciousness is shallow.

45. "A gentleman's scholar has lost the dross of the ancients." Books are the essence of human civilization, but Zhuangzi denied the function of books, thinking that it could not record the truth of silence, heart-to-heart, intuition and understanding. Zhuang Zhou has gains and losses.

46. "The Yellow Emperor ruled the world, making people's hearts simple, and people have their relatives (relatives) to die without crying." Optimism, so they despise death. Unlike westerners who create a world of heaven and hell after death, China people treat death purely secular, but saints can transcend fear.

47. "If his life is floating, if he dies, he will rest in peace. Without thinking and planning, the leisure and indifference of China intellectuals are always incompatible with the reality of working people.

48. "So, the so-called hermit is either hiding (hiding) but not seeing (not seeing), or not keeping his word (not saying), or hiding without sending (not using wisdom)." -China's thought is to stay in the secular world and live in seclusion, while Indian thought is to completely transcend the secular world and escape into religion.

49. "Don't aim too high, don't be vulgar" (don't get cocky because you are an official, don't follow the fashion and be vulgar because you are poor)-such a noble person can only admire, but can't learn.

50. "The white blade is handed over to the front, and if you are born, you will be brave as a martyr; Knowing (knowing) that the poor have a life, knowing (prospering) sometimes, those who are not afraid of great difficulties are also brave. " ———————————— Su Shi distinguishes between the courage of ordinary people and the courage of saints, and Zhuang Zhou distinguishes between the courage of martyrs and the courage of saints. China either cultivates ordinary people or cultivates saints-unattainable people. It will be hundreds of years before there is one. Such as Liu Ji in Ming Dynasty and Zeng Guofan in Qing Dynasty.

5 1, "Zhuangzi and Keiko are swimming on Haoliang (Haoshui Bridge), and Zhuangzi said: The minnows go in and out calmly, and the fish are happy. Keiko said: Zi (you) is not a fish. How do you know the happiness of fish? Zhuangzi said, "I'm not my son, so I don't know the joy of fish! "Zhuangzi is an intuitionist and Keiko is a famous logician. Of course, they have different ways of thinking.

52. Zhuang Zhou blamed the disaster on subjective reasons and his own reasons.

53. "Animals don't mess, birds don't mess" (with animals, don't disturb the group; Live with birds and don't disturb them)—

54. "If there is a gap between heaven and earth in life (a white horse jumps over the gap), it will suddenly (flash by)." Westerners believe in heaven, Indians believe in circulation, and China only believes in this world, so we often sigh that life is short.

55. "An ancient man was externalized but not internalized (his appearance obeyed the common customs, but his heart was independent and uninhibited)" ——————————————————— Zhuang Zhou is one of the few people with personality in China, but he dare not show his personality.

56. "If you don't know before you know, you can't ask infinitely, and you can't have infinitely" (I don't know before school, there is no end to learning, and there is no end to learning) ———————————————— Zhuang Zhou advocates stopping studying in Zhi Zhi and emphasizing the improvement of the realm. China thought is not seeking knowledge, but seeking realm.

57. "Today's secular gentleman, how dangerous it is to sacrifice (endanger the body and give up life), isn't it sad?" ——————————— Zhuang Zhou advocated that "things are not controlled by things" (controlling things rather than being controlled by things), and his thoughts surpassed the times. Only in modern times did the west have similar ideas.

58. "Sages value truth (taking nature as the law and attaching importance to truth) and are not limited to vulgarity (not limited to secularism)." In ancient times, through the imperial examination, even the children of working people were divorced from the lives of working people once they entered the officialdom. So these people are bent on becoming "saints", returning to simplicity and refinement, and never want to take part in labor that is considered despicable again.