1, common sense of literature:

① Yang Zhenning: Hefei, Anhui, Chinese-American physicist, 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics.

Deng Jiaxian: China's important technology in developing nuclear weapons has made great contributions to the successful development of atomic bombs, hydrogen bombs and new nuclear weapons. Known as the "father of two bombs", he is the winner of the "two bombs and one star meritorious medal". "Two bombs and one satellite" refers to atomic bombs, hydrogen bombs and artificial satellites.

Cang Kejia, a native of Zhucheng, Shandong Province, is famous for his work Old Horse. 1933 published his first book of poetry, Brand, which is his most influential work. There are more than ten long poems, such as "Black Hands of Evil" and "My Portrait".

Wen Yiduo: Poet, Scholar and Democracy Fighter. His works were included in the Complete Works of Wen Yiduo.

③ What is it? Formerly known as He, he wrote essays such as Re-examination and Collection.

④ Mo Bosang:/kloc-an outstanding French critical realist writer in the second half of the 9th century, known as a master of short stories, whose masterpieces include boule de suif and My Uncle Yule. The novels Life and Bellamy.

French writer Flaubert has masterpieces such as Madame Bovary. Russian writer Turgenev has masterpieces such as The Night Before. Goethe, a German writer, has masterpieces such as Young Werther. The French novelist Zola has masterpieces such as Inn.

⑤ Sima Guang: Zi Junshi, a politician and historian in the Northern Song Dynasty, is the author of Sima and Lu. Zi Tong Zhi Jian is a general history compiled by Sima Guang, which records the historical events from the Warring States to the Five Dynasties, totaling 1362.

2. Pay attention to the pronunciation and font of the following words.

Jia o ū s ū s ū s ū s ū s ū s ū s ū m: o alarm, overlap dié, rush to the bullfight, D.

The outline kuò le lǚ is ridiculous. Mi ò generate bèng was very angry. Yang hit it off very well.

3. Explanation of words:

Elegance: tears worthy of praise and touching. It is very touching to describe the tragic deeds of heroes. Song: praise, praise; Weep: shed tears.

Do your best until you die: work hard and try again until you die. Describe working hard and giving everything to yourself. Bow: Bend to show respect and caution. Exhaustion: do your best; Qi: Thanks for your hard work. Already: stop.

Deserved: Worthy of a title or honor, without shame. When: forbearance, forbearance; Innocent: no shame.

A household name: every household knows it and knows it. Yu: I understand, I understand; Xiao: That's right.

Completely different: completely different, description has nothing in common. In sharp contrast: Ming Ming, Ming Ming.

Wrapped the body in horse skin. Fight bravely and die in battle.

Never look at the garden: eyes never secretly look at the garden at home, just concentrate.

Poetry does not work: "work", meaning. Don't write poetry, not don't write poetry, but can't afford to write poetry.

Contrary to the past: completely different from the past.

Concentration: concentration, deep intention.

Bold and dripping: describe the mood and intonation is very excited, and the sentence is very carefree.

Get carried away: forget everything because of excessive excitement or complacency.

Anger: My chest is full of righteous resentment.

4. Master the content of the text

(1) "Deng Jiaxian" is a reminiscence prose. The author uses the "horizontal structure method", skillfully sets up a theme subtitle, and combines seemingly scattered contents with a "plate" parallel structure, showing a theme: the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation for thousands of years gave birth to Deng Jiaxian, and outstanding figures like Deng Jiaxian made the Chinese nation stand on its own feet in the world.

(2) Mr. Wen Yiduo's "Say and Do" leads the whole text with "Say and Do". The first half focuses on Mr Wen Yiduo as an "outstanding scholar", while the second half focuses on him as a "brave revolutionary". Through narration and discussion, this paper describes the deeds of Mr. Li Yiduo by example and demonstrates his noble personality.

(3) According to the order of his visits, Beethoven, a great musician, gradually penetrated into Beethoven's inner world from the outside, centering on Beethoven's attitude towards bad luck, and successfully demonstrated Beethoven's unique temperament and strong personality. The uniqueness of this paper lies in reducing Beethoven, a great man, to a living person in real life, focusing on his inner pain and tenacious struggle against unfortunate fate.

(4) The Sunday at Flaubert's House depicts the images of four famous writers in chronological order through their portraits, language, movements and psychology, and shows their respective thoughts and personality characteristics.

⑤ This article tells that Monroe was persuaded by Sun Quan to "start school", and his talent soon became surprisingly long, which made Lu Su gasp in admiration and made friends with him. Point out the role of learning in perfecting personality.

Second, "Sun Quan" knowledge tips:

(1) Explain the meaning of the added words

1. Dangtu: Dangchao.

2. Remarks: Avoid.

3. So Lu Su went to Yang: Besides, it's time …

O: Yes.

4. Talents: political or military talents and strategies.

5. dabble: rough reading.

6. Look at each other with new eyes. Scrape your eyes and wipe them.

7, more: update.

8. Confucian classics: study Confucian classics. Classics: refers to poems, books, rituals, changes, spring and autumn.

9. Doctor: a scholar who was in charge of Confucian classics teaching at that time.

10, Nye: So, just.

1 1, uncomplicated: no longer.

12, seeing things: recognizing things clearly

13, looking over: understanding history.

14, predicate: say to ``.

(2) Translate the following sentences

1, told to do a lot of things in the army. Lv Meng used many military incidents to make excuses.

2. I want to be a doctor in Qing Dynasty! Do I want you to learn Confucian classics and become a scholar who teaches Confucian classics?

3, but when dabbling, look over. It's just that you have to have a general look and get to know the history.

4. Qing Jin was talented, not after Wu Xia! Your talent and strategy are no longer Amon of Wuxian!

5, three days in never say goodbye, is to be kind to each other. After a few days apart from a man with lofty ideals, we should get to know him again with new eyes.

6, eldest brother, why do you see things too late! Brother, why are you so late?

7, Su Sui mother, make friends and stay. Therefore, Lu Su met Monroe's mother before leaving, and became friends with Monroe.

(C) classical Chinese learning:

I. Meaning:

(1) Different meanings of ancient and modern:

(1) but when dabbling in Dan, the ancient meaning only stops; Today is a turning point.

(2) Solitary desire to study classics is a doctor's evil treatment, and the ancient meaning is textual research; Today is governance.

(3) Loneliness, do you want to treat the classics as doctors? Doctor, an official position in ancient times, is now a degree.

(2) Polysemy:

1 when: a, in charge of the pawn; B, I should, but when I dabble.

2 look: a, know how to look at the past (only know history. ); B, identify, identify eldest brother saw it too late!

B, two idioms: ① Wu Xia Amon: Metaphor knowledge is still shallow. Be vigilant: look at it with new eyes.

C. What are the similarities and differences between Sun Quan's Persuasion and Shang?

The meanings of "Shang" and "Sun Quan's encouragement to learn" are just a comparison. In Shang Zhong Yong, it tells the story of the final decline of the talented boy Zhong Yong, which shows that no matter how good the innate talent is, it will eventually "disappear from everyone" without the efforts of the day after tomorrow; The story of Sun Quan's exhortation, through the story that the former martial artist Monroe finally became the chief counselor of the State of Wu through study, tells us that the congenital deficiency can be made up by hard work the day after tomorrow.

(2) The former is written in a comprehensive way of narration and discussion, while the latter is written in the form of dialogue.

D, can you name the famous sayings about "encouraging learning" in ancient and modern China and abroad? (at least two sentences)

Plum blossom fragrance, how can you not have some biting cold!

If a teenager doesn't work hard, the boss will be sad —— Long Songs by Han Yuefu

If you don't know how to study hard early, you will regret studying late-Yan Zhenqing

E. What did the article inspire you?

There is no end to learning; Never too old to learn;

Teenagers don't know how to study early, but they regret studying late.

Learning is like sailing against the current, if you don't advance, you will retreat;

The importance of learning the day after tomorrow (no matter how good your nature is, you will become an ordinary person without education; Nature is not good, as long as you study hard, you will get something)