a perfect person is gentle. Confucius attached great importance to aesthetic education and edification, which was manifested in that he asked his disciples to yearn for and pursue beautiful things, such as "the beauty of adults" (Yan Yuan) and "respecting five beauties" (Yao Yue).

"five beauties" means "a gentleman benefits at no cost, works without complaining, desires without greed, is Thai without arrogance, and threatens without fierceness".

Take "Wei but not fierce", one of the "five beauties", as an example, Confucius' explanation is: "A gentleman is dressed in his clothes, respects his foresight, and seems to be feared by others. Is it not awesome but not fierce?" That is to say, neat clothes and solemn manners make people have respect without bullying others.

Confucius' emphasis on aesthetic education includes two aspects: "literature" and "quality", which is what he called "gentle and gentle, then a gentleman" (Yong Ye). The combination of literary talent and simplicity is appropriate, and this is a gentleman. This is because "quality is better than literature, and literature is better than quality." It is rude to be more simple than literary talent; Literary talent is more than simplicity, and it is rather vain.