Story 1: Son and Dad

One day, Edward asked his father Einstein.

"Dad, why are you so famous?"

Einstein laughed. He took the big ball that the child was playing with and said meaningfully,

"Look, there is a blind beetle crawling on this ball. He doesn't know that his path is curved. Fortunately, Dad knows."

Story 2: Special Bookmark

Einstein once used a check for $1,5 as a bookmark and lost the book. Another story is that he forgot his glasses in a restaurant. He asked the waiter to read the menu, and the waiter said with grievances, "Sir, I am not uneducated."

after reading Einstein's biography, I realized that the so-called great men were not great from the beginning. They become great men because they concentrate on one thing, and no matter how many difficulties there are, they can't stop their exploration of science. Einstein famously said: I don't have any special talent, but I just like to get to the bottom of the problem. Einstein, who looks at celebrities, is so modest. What can we ordinary people be proud of?

2. The place of "magic"

One morning in the autumn of 1877, Edison came to the editorial office of a magazine in new york from a place called Mero Country in the United States. He held a

grotesque little thing carefully. This little thing has a long metal bar on it, with a bigger wheel at one end and a small handle at the other. Edison turned the crank, then

wrapped a small piece of tin foil around the cylinder, put a small needle on it, and sang a baby hypnosis song to the cylinder. After the action, the machine turned again, and it sang the hypnotic song

again without missing a word. It is not enough to describe the first feelings of the people present at that time, just saying surprise. People were so happy that all the people in the editorial department shouted to each other that Edison had brought a talking monster. In a short time, journalists from various newspapers in the city flooded in, scrambling to have a look at this latest machine in the world, and the newspapers were packed for a while. Once this invention came out, it aroused the rapid and huge fanaticism of the society at that time for several months. The railway specially drove a special car to visit

. Many people don't believe this invention at first, and suspect that he hid something talking in it first to deceive people. The bishop of a church recited

a series of special terms in the Bible to the radio at the highest speed. When these terms were repeated word for word from the machine, they believed that there was nothing false about it.

This is the scene when the world's first phonograph came out. While people are admiring, they all call the inventor Edison a "demon". In fact, the nickname "Demon" is far from the invention of the phonograph, but it has been with him all his life. Because he has so many inventions. Electric light, telephone, film, telegraph, generator, storage battery, typewriter, magnetite separator, pressure gauge and so on are all his inventions. According to incomplete statistics, from 1869

to 191, when he invented the first automatic counting machine, he got 1,328 kinds of invention patents. It is estimated that during this period, he had an invention every eleven days. Because of this, it is natural that he is called

an "evil".

But where does the real magic of this "evil" figure come from? He himself said, "One part inspiration, ninety-nine parts sweat." Stubborn perseverance and amazing

diligence are his real "magic".

Originated from a teenager

Thomas Edison, who was born in Oahu, USA in 1847. He only attended primary school for three months. The school teacher called him "stupid", and his relatives and friends also called him

. But his mother didn't believe this, so she became his teacher herself and guided him to read some books. Before he was twelve years old, he finished reading many difficult books, and his father also led him to study Newton's Principles. The education and influence of his family made him develop a diligent spirit and amazing perseverance from an early age.

Edison likes science very much. When he was very young, he stored hundreds of bottles for various experiments in the cellar of his home and built a small laboratory. He spends all the money he usually saves

on buying chemical supplies and instruments. But this money alone can't meet the needs of the experiment, so he went to the train to sell newsboys. He gets on the bus every morning and goes home after 9: pm. He often doesn't rest until late at night after finishing the experiment. Later, he found that there was a smoking room in the luggage compartment of the train that was not used, so he moved the experiment in the cellar of his home here and insisted on doing chemical experiments. Here, he also learned to use a printing machine set up here, and he can record local news by telegraph number and run a newspaper. This newspaper was very popular and sold well. At this time, he was only twelve years old. One day, the train shook, the luggage slipped down, and a phosphorus pole used for his experiment fell to the ground, and the carriage caught fire immediately. The fire was put out by the people who arrived at the scene, but the conductor deafened his ears, causing lifelong disability. The conductor also kicked all the things in his "four-wheeled laboratory" and "travel printing room" under the car.

Difficulties and setbacks didn't affect Edison's determination to do scientific experiments, so he set up a laboratory at home. Being electrocuted and burning clothes are common in experiments. Once, his face was badly burned by nitric acid. Even so, he never loses heart. Edison's earliest efforts greatly contributed to his later inventions. However,

like other great inventors, Edison's path was uneven. He was a night telegraph operator. Spend a lot of energy in book stands and libraries. However, because I lost my job several times, I finally had to go to new york to join my friends.

Edison went to new york with great pains. At this time, there is not even a penny in his pocket. He was so hungry that he had to beg for some tea, which was his first meal since his appointment in New York. It took him a long time to find friends here, but his friends are also unemployed. Edison, who suffered from hunger, was ill-mannered and ragged, and was looked down upon by people. Later, he was allowed to stay overnight in a battery room. There happened to be a communication machine in the room that released the market price. On the morning of the third day of his arrival, the machine broke down. Because of his careful study, he quickly helped others to repair the machine and was left behind, so he found a job. From then on, he worked hard and cooperated with others to reform, and

the market price communication machine made his mark. Soon, he opened a small factory to produce this kind of communication machine, and gradually embarked on the road of scientific research.

Steady steps

Electric light is not surprising today. But before 188, the electric light only had its prototype, which was the most popular arc light at that time. This kind of lamp connects two pieces of charcoal to the ends of the two poles < P > of the battery, touches the two poles after being electrified, and then separates them, and a flame immediately occurs between the two poles. Because the two carbon poles are horizontal, and there is hot air rising in the middle < P >, the flame between the two poles slightly bends upward like an arch or arc, so it is called an arc lamp. This kind of lamp has many disadvantages: it is necessary to constantly replace the carbon bar; Loud sound; The lighting effect

is small and easy to damage the eyesight. Dirty air; Another big drawback is that a return current can only light an arc lamp. At that time, some famous scientists, including the inventor of arc lamp, didn't always admire this kind of lamp. However, in 1877, Edison began the experiment of reforming arc lamp, and proposed to divide the current (that is, many lamps are lit at one port) and change the arc < P > light lamp into white light lamp. The experiment should reach a satisfactory level. It is necessary to find a substance that can burn to white heat as a filament, which can withstand the burning with the heat of more than 2, degrees and 1, hours < P >. At the same time, the usage should be simple, it can withstand the impact of daily use, the price should be low, and the on and off of one lamp should not affect the on and off of any other lamp,

to maintain the relative independence of each lamp. This was a very bold idea at that time, which required great efforts to explore and experiment. Some scientists laughed at him as a fool and satirized him for "

dreaming and bragging", and several scholars proved that his research was impossible with mathematics. But Edison was always full of confidence to experiment. In order to choose this kind of material for lamp filament, Edison first made experiments with carbonized materials, then failed to make filament experiments with platinum and iridium alloy with high melting point, and also made 16 different experiments with superior ores and seedlings, and all failed. But at this time, he and his assistants have made great progress, and they know that incandescent filament must be sealed in a highly vacuum glass ball (< P > that is, the light bulb) and not easily dissolved. In this way, his experiment returned to the carbon filament. He worked hard on carbonization day and night, and there were more than 6, kinds of < P > carbonization experiments on plants alone. His experimental notebook has more than 2 books, with more than 4, pages, which has passed three years. He works eighteen or nine hours a day. Every

day at three or four o'clock in the morning, he only sleeps under the experimental table with two or three books on his head. Sometimes he sleeps on the stool three or four times a day for only half an hour at a time.

wake up and work energetically.

by the first half of 188, Edison's experiment with incandescent lamps was still inconclusive. One day, he tore a bamboo filament tied to the edge of a banana fan in the laboratory into a filament < P >, and made it into a filament after carbonization. As a result, this time it was better than all previous experiments. This is Edison's earliest white-hot electric lamp-bamboo filament electric lamp. This kind of bamboo filament

electric lamp continued for many years. It was not until 198 that tungsten was invented as a filament that it was replaced. Edison began to develop alkaline batteries after this, which was very difficult, and his spirit of studying < P > was even more amazing. This kind of battery is used to supply motive power. He and a well-chosen assistant have painstakingly studied for nearly ten years, and experienced many hardships and failures. One moment he thought he had reached his destination, but the next he knew he was wrong. But Edison never wavered and started again. It took about 5, < P > tests and more than 15 test notes to achieve the goal.

There is no secret

Edison was obsessed with scientific research, but he never paid attention to his private affairs. It can be said that he is seventy-three. I haven't slept well before; Even in his later years, he still works no less than sixteen to eighteen hours a day. As soon as he started the experiment, he forgot to take a rest. Occasionally, when he was really tired and couldn't persist, he took a short rest. Therefore, he also liked people with the same energy as him as his assistants. On this day, a man who claimed to be sleepless came to him to ask for a job. Edison was very interested and thought this man was his ideal assistant. So I worked with this "sleepless". However, after 6 hours of continuous work, the sleepless man couldn't support himself any longer, and fell asleep, even though the machine broke down and made a loud roar, which didn't wake him up. And Edison was still working tirelessly. At that time, Edison's tireless work spirit < P > was famous far and near, and many people admired him very much.

One day, Edison received a visitor, who insisted that the "monster" introduce the "secret" of tireless work. Edison was amused.

Because there was no secret to his tireless work, he slipped a joke and told the visitor, "Eating a rabbit every morning may do." The man believed

and got up to leave. When he got back, he did as expected. However, six weeks later, the man was too tired to get up. He doesn't pay attention to decoration, and often wears shabby clothes stained with chemicals, especially in his old age. Ordinary people think he is a cook, and newspapers often publish satirical articles about him. This just proves < P > that he devoted all his efforts and energy to scientific research. In 1872, when he was studying the automatic telegraph, he was fascinated by the experiment and his thoughts were highly concentrated. Once he had to

go outside to do an urgent thing. But when someone asked his name, he couldn't remember it for a while. On the road of scientific research, Edison walked steadily and struggled with his heart. < P > It really took a lot of physical strength and heart.

On his 77th birthday, someone asked him what his philosophy of life was. He replied; "work! Reveal the secrets of nature and make it a human eye. " This is

the real motivation for his scientific research, but it is not the "secret".

Never satisfied

As we know, Edison had more than 1 inventions in his life, and some of them have achieved amazing success. He is also famous himself. However, he never

indulged in his own inventions. He always climbed into new fields of science, and at the same time he always held a negative attitude towards his inventions and made

continuous improvements. He himself said, "I will never be satisfied." Endless study and ceaseless improvement is another outstanding feature of Edison. After the battery he invented was successful, he set up a battery factory and mass-produced it, which has been selling well. But after a period of time, he found that there was something wrong with the battery, and he couldn't find the reason for it at the moment, so he decided to improve the battery. However, improvement takes time and energy, and the factory will be closed, which may not only reduce his prestige in inventing batteries, but also suffer great economic losses. However, he decisively ordered the factory to close down immediately. There are many people who are satisfied with the use of his battery and ask to continue to increase the order, but he will not accept it at all; He is not afraid when someone puts pressure on him financially. As a result, the battery improved by him was more successful than expected and soon sold well all over the country. His spirit was in sharp contrast with the merchants who covered up inferior goods at that time. Can not but win people's respect and praise.

among his inventions, nothing shocked the society at that time more than the phonograph. This is also his proud invention. He is deaf, and it is shocking to invent such a machine that makes sound. However, when Edison invented it, he changed it again and again. Ten years later, he took the phonograph down from the dust on the shelf and decided to improve it. He really worked continuously for five days and five nights before he succeeded. There is such a figure that can fully prove his spirit of research: he has more than 1 invention patents only on the phonograph. When we see today's phonograph, don't forget that it is permeated with Edison's countless hard work. If

there is no endless spirit of study, it is absolutely impossible to do it.

here, we might as well trace back two stories of his childhood. In his childhood, once.