(Li Dazhao)

Re-discussion on Problems and Doctrine Mr. Li Dazhao: When I was out of Beijing, I read the article "Study more problems and talk less about Doctrine" published by Mr. Li on the 31st of this newspaper, and I had some thoughts. Some may have been invented with Mr. Wang's ideas, and some are our confessions to society. Now write him down, please correct him. (A) "ism" and "problem" I think "problem" and "ism" are inseparable. Because the solution of a society must rely on the movement of most people in society. Then if we want to solve a problem, we must strive to make it a common problem for most people in society. In order to make a social problem a common problem for most people in society, most people who can solve this social problem in this society should first have the same idealism, which is a tool for them to experiment their life satisfaction. Only the fact that * * * is dissatisfied with life can become a social problem one by one. There is hope for a solution. Otherwise, although you study your social problems, most people in society have nothing to do with it. That social problem is still hopeless; The study of social problems still cannot affect practice. Therefore, our social movement, on the one hand, of course, should study practical problems, on the other hand, it should also publicize idealism. This is mutually beneficial and goes hand in hand. However, people who talk about socialism, although there is nothing wrong with talking about socialism, still need an experiment. This experiment, whether it is a failure or a success, will leave a big mark on the human spirit and will never be eliminated. In the past, British Irving believers and French Fourier believers organized a new village and community in the New World of America. Recently, Japanese or Xiao Lu families also organized a "new village" in that place. These are all experiments that the world calls dreamers; Is the most interesting fact in their actual movement; They are all comrades with lofty ideals or successors. They gather together to form a group, where they can realize their ideal social organization, make a specimen of an ideal society, and let ordinary people know that life in this new society is hopeful, so as to realize the plan of transforming the world. Owen and Ferry's movement in the United States, although let most people spread their ideals, is like sowing seeds in a place where the soil is not deep, but failed. However, when Neves wrote The History of American Socialism, he criticized them, saying: The new village of Orwellism, the new group of Fder, died almost at birth. Now people forget them. However, the socialist spirit will remain in national life forever. Nowadays, among the millions of people who have never participated in their experimental life, they are neither Owen nor Ferry, but just socialists without theory, who only believe in the possibility of scientific and moral transformation of society, and there is still a hope to be seen. The "new village" in this direction has many points like the new village that has become an old dream in the new American world. However, Japanese scholars and society are very concerned about this. Dr. Kawakami said that the spirit of social change contained in their plan can also be a kind of hope to be observed, which will always exist in everyone's heart. Recently, Mr. Zhongmi in our society wrote from Japan, saying that "my trip to Japan was very enjoyable". It can be seen that this is the ideal of talking. As long as we can find a place for experiments, some tools can be used and will have considerable value in human society. No matter what doctrine you advocate, as long as you are willing to do your best in actual sports, it is all right and effective. My opinion is slightly different from that of Mr. Wang. However, we also admit that our recent remarks are often more theoretical than practical. Swear to be practical in the future This is the inspiration after reading Mr. Wang's paper. Generally speaking, there are two aspects: ideal and reality. For example, the ideal of democracy is basically the same in any country. Applying this ideal to real politics is somewhat different in time, place and nature. So is socialism. His spirit of mutual assistance and friendship, whether scientific or utopian, is based on him. It is different to apply this spirit to practical methods. We just need to use this and that theory as a tool and as a practical exercise. He will change the applicable environment according to the time, place and nature of the incident. In the Qing Dynasty, we could use democracy as a tool to overthrow the imperial system of the Aisingiorro family. Today, we can also use him as a tool to overthrow the warlords. In other capitalist countries, they can use socialism as a tool to overthrow bourgeois J. In our country, where bureaucratic robbers who are not engaged in production are rampant, we can also use it as a tool to drive away these bureaucratic robbers who were born without jobs. A socialist, in order to make his theory have a certain influence in the world, must study how to apply his ideal to the reality around him as much as possible. Therefore, the current socialism contains many attempts to transform his spirit into a realistic situation to meet the current needs. This can prove the essence of ism and the possibility of applying it to practice. But if it is used by people who talk empty words, it will become empty. So what Mr. Wang is talking about is the danger of socialism. I'm afraid it was not brought by the doctrine itself, but by his people. (2) The Harm of Counterfeiting Famous Brands Once a scholar becomes famous, his works will never be read, but his theory will gradually fade like money because of its continuous circulation and dissemination, and even the image seal of a serial walker is difficult to distinguish. Adam Smith left a book, and everyone praised him, but no one read him. Machus left a book that no one read, but everyone abused it. Bonar of Bonner, an Englishman, has expressed this feeling. In today's era of mass movements, this doctrine and that doctrine are mostly argot flags of mass movements, and most of them have the nature of some kind of symbol. Since it has the nature of a signboard, it is inevitably a fake. Wang Mazi's knives and scissors won the recognition of the masses, so Wang Mazi and others mixed up his signs; Wang's tea was taken care of by the masses, so Wang and others came to stir up his signboard. The word socialism is very popular in today's society, and the socialism of Anfu department has been discovered. This phenomenon of fake signboards is really annoying and dangerous, which confuses the truth. However, this phenomenon, as Dr. Sun Yat-sen said, is of course a phenomenon that some weeds and poisonous weeds are mixed with good grains and flowers when the land is newly reclaimed. Wang Mazi can't understand Wang Mazi's scissors shop just because he also sells knives and scissors. Wang can't stop his tea shop just because Jiang and others are selling tea. A pioneer should not pick up all the good food and flowers just because there are weeds and poisonous weeds. How can you talk about socialism because of the Anfu system? We stopped our just propaganda. Because there are people who fake famous brands, we should publicize our justice and study practical methods of various problems in order to take practical actions according to principles. Lest cats, dogs, parrots, and phonographs come to mess with us and deceive everyone. (3) The so-called radical New Youth and Weekly Review seldom talk about Russian Bolshevism. According to the criticism of Japanese Nikkei News, the ideological movement and literary movement of Mr. Zhong You and Mr. Zhong You can be said to be the democratic orthodoxy of Zina. On the one hand, we must fight against the old-fashioned stubborn ideas, on the other hand, we must prevent and contain the trend of Bolshevism in Russia. I can admit that I like to talk about Bolshevism. When the whole world celebrated the allied victory crazily, I made a paper entitled "Victory of Bolshevism" and published it in New Youth. At that time, I heard that Mr. Meng He was dissatisfied with Bolshevism and my attitude towards Bolshevism (I'm not sure whether Mr. Meng He's thoughts have changed since he came back from Europe). Or because of my thesis, I got into trouble with my colleagues at New Youth. Mr. Zhongfu is still in prison, and Mr. Zhongfu has been slandered by the radical party. This is really my sin. However, I always feel that the popularity of Bolshevism is really a major change in world culture. We should study him, introduce him and spread his evil image in human society; Don't blindly listen to others' words and create rumors for them, just take those cruel and cruel ones and erase everything from them. Therefore, when people talk about "women's state ownership", there is reason to conclude that people have created rumors for them. Later, I saw the story published in the American "NewRpubic" and realized that it was really a rumor. It was originally produced by the Bolshevik government for an anarchist party in a Russian city. Later, rumors spread around, and people added people. Recently, Mr. Weici published several papers on Russian new constitution, land law and marriage law in this newspaper, which can be used as a reference for our study of Russian affairs and can prove that women's state ownership is completely rootless. Later, I heard that Krupp Pottorff King was shot. I suspect this is also a rumor. According to recent news in European and American newspapers, Kirchner is safe and sound near Moscow. In our blind society, where do they know what Bolshevism is and how do they explain the term? However, because the Japanese superstitious about capitalism and militarism translated him into "ultra-radicalism" and thought the word "ultra-radicalism" was dangerous, they casually used it for people to wear. Seeing that the gentleman's theory of literary reform is a little more intense, he is said to be a radical party. Seeing that Zhang Taiyan and Sun Bolan's political theories are a little more intense, they say that these two gentlemen are radical parties. This tone is based on the salary of our sages for four thousand years. Then "Andy is mine. No gentleman; Mozi's universal love is fatherless; The logic of "no father, no king and no beast" is their only classic. Now that there is no new term "ultra-radical party", it is not difficult for them to come up with old weapons to attack us. Any "heresy" or "scourge" can be put on us at will. If we say this is a matter of doctrine, we will talk about chastity, and they will say that we advocate that virgins should have an affair. We translated a novel about social problems, and they said that we advocate that illegitimate children can kill their parents. In this shallow and ignorant society, it is difficult to speak at all, whether in the East or the West. We only have one side to identify our ism, regard it as a material, a tool and a practical sport. While promoting our ism, most people in society can use it as materials and tools to solve specific social problems, such as cats, dogs, parrots and phonographs, although they keep ringing; Radicalism, scourges, heresy, although they give us titles at will, how can they have time to pay attention to him! (4) The phrase "fundamentally solve" can easily lead people to give up the present and not work hard, which is really a danger. But this cannot be generalized. If in an organized and dynamic society, all functions are sensitive; As long as you have a tool, you have a chance to use it, and you can start using it at once. If all functions are turned off in an unorganized and lifeless society, no matter what tools you have, you have no chance to use them. At this time, I'm afraid there must be a fundamental solution to solve all the specific problems one by one. As far as Russia is concerned, it was not until the Romanov family was subverted and the economic organization was reformed that all problems were fundamentally solved. The orders are all settled. According to Marx's historical materialism, the spiritual structure of law, politics and ethics in society is superficial. Below him is the economic structure, which is the foundation of everything for them. As soon as the economic organization changes, everything changes with it. In other words, the solution of economic problems is the fundamental solution. Once the economic problems are solved, any political problems, legal problems, family system problems, women's liberation problems and workers' liberation problems can be solved. But we just think that this kind of economic change is inevitable, and the first view of historical materialism (also known as historical materialism) is inevitable. In his second theory, -that is, the theory of class competition-unless we attach importance to it and use this theory as a tool to unite workers, I am afraid that the economic revolution will never be realized; It can be achieved, and I don't know how many times it is late. Many Marxist socialists suffer from this concept. The world just spread the gospel of the inevitable arrival of centralized production system among the masses, and as a result, nothing was prepared except waiting for the inevitable maturity of centralized production system. This is indeed the main reason for the great crisis of socialist parties in various countries. We should admit. When you meet an opportunity, make the best use of it or get a fundamental solution; Before the fundamental solution, there must be considerable preparatory activities. Some of the above miscellaneous articles are exactly the same as those of Mr. Wang, while others are slightly different, occupying a lot of space. If there is anything wrong, please advise. Let's talk about it later. Li Dazhao sent it from Wufeng in Changli.

Is this it?