1. Common sense of high school classical Chinese literature

1. The literature from ancient China to the unification of China by Qin Shihuang (221 BC) is called pre-Qin literature.

2. Myths were created before writing was invented. Myths are full of rich imagination and are the source of Chinese romantic literature.

3. The most widely circulated myths in China are "Nuwa patching up the sky", "Houyi shooting the sun", "Jingwei filling up the sea", "Chang'e flying to the moon", etc.

4. "Shangshu" is the earliest collection of historical documents in China. It is said that it was compiled and selected by Confucius.

5. "The Book of Songs" is China's earliest poetry collection, which collects 305 pieces of music from various local ethnic groups and temples from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the mid-Spring and Autumn Period.

6. "Songs of Chu" was compiled by Liu Xiang of the Western Han Dynasty. It contains poems written by Qu Yuan and Song Yu. Because it has the local accent of Chu, it is called "Songs of Chu". It has a profound influence on the literary creation of future generations.

7. Qu Yuan is a great patriotic poet in China, and "Li Sao" is Qu Yuan's representative work.

8. "The road is long and long, I will search up and down" is a famous sentence in Qu Yuan's "Li Sao".

9. Pre-Qin prose refers to prose before the Qin Dynasty, which is divided into two categories: historical prose and scholarly prose. "Zuo Zhuan" and "Warring States Policy" are representatives of pre-Qin historical prose. "The Analects", "Mencius", "Mozi" and "Zhuangzi" are representatives of the prose of pre-Qin scholars.

10. "Zuo Zhuan" is China's first narrative history work. It has high achievements in history, literature and language.

11. "The Analects" is a collection of quotation-style prose, which records the words and deeds of Confucius and his students. It was written by Confucius's students. This Confucian classic had a huge impact on Chinese culture.

12. "Wouldn't it be nice to have friends come from afar?" Things should not be done by others), this is a famous saying in Confucius' "The Analects".

For details, see: /link?url=vFBR9KHGRycr1U382f_ckEyjBhohjhNCQmz34kpUtLTw_5ZU3pTtfa6DekQpTTszjmOvF3mjCHctcgHaV9WAfiR9Lia7VHuL2WoJHgWD3V_ 2. What ancient cultural common sense is found in classical Chinese

Article source of cultural common sense in classical Chinese: Provided by netizens Number of clicks: 441 Update time: 2008-7-6 16:14:29 1. Imperial Examination System Provincial Examination----------Hui Examination---------------Dian Examination Candidate----- ------Gongshi---------------Jinshi Jieyuan----------Huiyuan---------- ----No. 1 pick (second place, third overall) 2. Geography 1. China: Kyushu, Huaxia, Sihai, Shenzhou 2. Five Sacred Mountains: Dongyue Taishan, Xiyue Huashan, Zhongyue Songshan, Beiyue Hengshan, Nanyue Hengshan 3. Yin and Yang: Shannan in ancient times The north of the water is yang, the north of the mountain and the south of the water are yin 4. Nanjing: Jiankang, Jinling 5. Yangzhou: Guangling 6. Suzhou: Gusu 7. Chengdu: Jinguancheng 3. Official appointment and removal: confer official positions; except: remove the old To take on a new position; to grant: to confer an official position; to promote: to promote; to transfer: to transfer, generally refers to promotion; to move: to be demoted and transferred; to be dismissed: to be removed from office and suspended; to be dismissed: to be removed from an official position; to be deposed: to be deposed, to be demoted; to be demoted: to be demoted Position and transfer 4. Time Dan: morning (su) noon: (noon, noon, noon) evening: 杝暔: the first day of the lunar calendar: the 15th day of the lunar calendar: the 16th day of the lunar calendar: the last day of each month in the lunar calendar Friday, and Title 1. Wang Meng: landscape pastoral poet Wang Wei and Meng Haoran 2. Li Du: Li Bai, Du Fu, Xiao Li Du: Li Shangyin and Du Mu 3. Eight great masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties: Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Su Xun, Su Che, Su Shi, Wang Anshi, Zeng Gong, Ouyang Xiu 4. Han Liu: Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan 5. Four Masters of the Early Tang Dynasty: Wang Bo, Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaolin, Luo Binwang 6. Su Xin: Su Shi, Xin Qiji 7. Confucius and Mencius: Confucius, Mencius 8. The world's three major short story writers: Maupassant, Chehe Husband, O. Henry 9. Four cultural celebrities: Qu Yuan, Copernicus, Dante, Shakespeare 10. Three Cao: Cao Cao, Cao Zhi, Cao Pi 11. Three Su: Su Shi, Su Che, Su Xun 12. Su Huang: Su Shi , Huang Tingjian 13. Four masters of Yuan opera: Guan Hanqing, Bai Pu, Zheng Guangzu, Ma Zhiyuan 14. Four literary masterpieces: "A Dream of Red Mansions", "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "Water Margin", "Journey to the West" 15. Four books: "The Great Learning", "The Doctrine of the Mean" and "Mencius" "The Analects of Confucius" 16. The Three Friends of Suihan: Pine, Bamboo and Plum 17. The Four Gentlemen of Flowers: Plum, Orchid, Bamboo and Chrysanthemum 18. The Four Treasures of the Study: Pen, Ink, Paper and Inkstone 19. ***: "National Style" in "The Book of Songs" and "Chu Ci" "Li Sao" 20. Double Bibi of Yuefu: "The Peacock Flies Southeast" and "Mulan Poetry" 21. Three Officials and Three Farewells: 6. Generation Name 1. Student: Tao Li 2. Women: Woman 3. Brothers: Siblings 4. Poet: Sao Ren 5. Chrysanthemum : Huanghua 6, Dujuan: Zigui 7, Hometown: Sangzi 8, Country: Sheji 9, Annals of History: History 10, Civilian: Commoner 11, War: Beacon Smoke 12, Music: Silk and Bamboo 13, Literary Talent: *** 14. My own works : My work seven. Nicknames of characters: Li Bai: Poetic Immortal Qinglian layman Bai Juyi: Xiangshan layman Su Shi: Dongpo layman Pu Songlin: Liuquan layman known as Mr. Liaozhai Du Fu: Poetry and poetry history Tao Yuanming: Mr. Jingjie Ouyang Xiu: Drunkard Liuyi layman Li Qingzhao : Yi'an layman Lu You: Fang Weng Xin Qiji: Jiaxuan Mencius: Yasheng's name, character, and title. The ancients chose their names when they were young and their characters when they reached adulthood.

The names are all chosen by the father or elders. There is a meaningful connection between words and names.

The word is for the convenience of others to address you. Addressing your peers or elders by names shows politeness and respect.

A number, also called an alias or a symbol, is chosen by oneself to show a certain interest or express a certain emotion.

8. At the age of thirty, standing at forty without confusion, at fifty, knowing the destiny, at sixty and reaching adulthood, crowned. Ninth, the chronological year number records the year of the heavenly stems and earthly branches, the tenth year, the naming method of the collection, place of origin: "Liuhe East Collection", library: "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio" Table Words: "The Complete Works of Li Taibai" Nickname: "Jia Xuan's Long and Short Sentences" Posthumous title: "Collected Works of Ouyang Wenzhong" Official Position: "Collection of Du Gongbu" Year Title: "Collection of Bai Shi Changqing" 11. Famous Characters and Events in Pangu The creation of the world, Nuwa refining stones to mend the sky, Jingwei holding stones to fill the sea, Fuxi inventing the Eight Diagrams, Kuafu chasing the sun twelve times, the monograph "The Book of Songs": the first collection of poems "The Book of Waters": the first book describing the river system Special book "Historical Records": the first biographical general history "The Analects" "Mencius" "Zuo Zhuan": the first chronological history book "Water Margin": the first novel reflecting the peasant uprising "Dream of Red Mansions": the greatest of ancient Chinese novels The realist work "The Scholars": the first full-length satirical novel "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms": the first chapter novel in the history of Chinese literature.

3. Compulsory classical Chinese for all high schools

Preface to the Lanting Collection by Wang Xizhi

Chibi Fu Su Shi

Shanzhong and Pei Xiucai Di Shu Wang Wei

A Journey to Baochan Mountain by Wang Anshi

Two Poems from the Book of Songs

Meng

Picking Wei

Li Sao Qu Yuan

Preface to The Peacock Flying Southeast

Three poems

Crossing the river to pick hibiscus

A short song about Cao Cao

Returning to the country to live in the fields (Part 1) Tao Yuanming

Zhu Zhiwu retreated from the Qin army "Zuo Zhuan"

Jing Ke assassinated the King of Qin "Warring States Policy"

Hongmen Banquet with Sima Qian

Zhao Gong admonished Li Wang Mi slanders "Guoyu"

Lin Daiyu enters Jia's house and Cao Xueqin

The road to Shu is difficult Li Bai

Three poems by Du Fu

Qiu Xingba First poem (Part 1)

Ode to historical sites (Part 3)

Climbing high

Playing the Pipa and prefaced by Bai Juyi

Two poems by Li Shangyin

Jin Se

Ma Wei (Part 2)

"Mencius" on the role of a few people in the country

Encouragement to study "Xunzi"

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Passing the Qin Dynasty and Discussing Jia Yi

A Master Talks about Han Yu

Dou E wrongfully imprisoned Han Qing

Farewell to Wang Shifu in Changting Pavilion

Ci by Liu Yong Two poems

Looking at the sea tide (Southeast shape wins)

Rain and rain bells (cicadas are sad

Two poems by Su Shi

Niannujiao Chibi nostalgic

Calm down the storm (don’t listen to the sound of beating leaves through the forest)

Two poems by Xin Qiji

Water Dragon Yin Climbs Jiankang Heart-Enhancing Pavilion

Yongyu Le Jingkou Beigu Pavilion nostalgic

Two poems by Li Qingzhao

Drunk flower shade (thick mist, thick clouds, sorrowful eternal day)

Slow voice (searching for searching (Find)

Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru, Sima Qian

Biography of Ban Gu by Su Wu

Biography of Fan Ye by Zhang Heng

Biography of Li He and Li Shangyin

Lin Jiaotou, Fengxue Mountain Temple Shi Naian

Returning and Returning with a Preface by Tao Yuanming

Tengwang Pavilion Preface by Wang Bo

A Happy Journey to Zhuangzhou

Chen Qing Biao Li Mi

Just look for it 4. What are the common sense of classical Chinese in high school

1. To express people who have been appointed to official positions: levy, pilot, inspection, Lift, call, recommend, advance, praise, supplement, make, show, serve, serve

2. Indicating changes in official positions:

1) Indicating appointments: grant, worship, Except, seal

2) It means to promote: promote, pull out, zhi, promote, move

3) It means to transfer: transfer, move, transfer, change, release, release,

4) means to be demoted: moved to the left, relegated, relegated, expelled, demoted, dismissed (deposed)

5) means to be dismissed: seized, deposed, dismissed, To avoid, to go, to abolish, to die

6) To express recovery: to restore, to return

7) To express resignation: to resign, to take charge of the government, to retire, to retire, to return to one’s hometown

3. Related to salary: salary, salary, rank, salary

4. Indicating supervisor: Zhi, Dian, Zhu

5. Indicating social status ：Government, chaos, prosperity, prosperity, decline

6. Representing ethnic minorities: Barbarians, Yi, Rong, Di

7. Representing status of characters: noble, humble, humble, Officials, gentry, lords

8. Indicating personality:

Geng, Kun, Geng, Geng Jie

, upright, upright, upright, upright, resolute,

(benevolence) thick, (benevolence) Jin, Kaiti, generous, quiet, careful, elegant, elegant

Qieqie, careful, cautious, solemn, respectful, smart, intelligent, sensitive, dull,

Treacherous, treacherous, deceitful, cunning, cunning, cunning (excellent), dangerous sitting (seemingly) , flattery, flattery, flattery, slander

9. Indicating character and conduct: conduct, conduct inspection, industry, morality, conduct, integrity, honesty (incorruption), lewdness (extravagant), greed (turbidity)

10. Related to imperial examinations: Gongju, No., Dengdi, Zhongdi, Zhuangyuan, Jieyuan, Provincial Examination

11. Indicating being framed: Zhong, Xie, False accusation

12. Expressing respect: respect, respect, respect, respect

13. Expressing praise: Duo, Jia, praise, praise, and, Xu, sigh

14. Expressing inner jealousy: disgust, disgust, hatred, derogation, title, resentment, trouble, illness, hate, anger, curse

15. Expressing blame: fault, Responsible, blame, punish, yield, condemn, especially, break

16. Tolerance: tolerance, loan, forgiveness, forgiveness

17. To express joy: Le, Xin ( (ran), joy (said), joy, dance

18. Expressing sadness and anger: anger, anger, annoyance, anger, tears, sharpness, scolding, blame, suffering, violence, criticism , 詩

19. Meanings of punishment: Pi, Dapi, Kun, flogging, gong, 刖, clan, war, flow, ocher clothes, weapons,

20. Meanings of prison : prison, prison

21. Meaning of school: Xiang, Xu, Taixue, Doctor, Taifu

22. Meaning of cloth: cloth, linen, bolt, silk, Silk, Brocade, Lian, Damask, Silk, Silk, Silk, Luo, Satin, Qi, Yarn, Ripe, Silk, Silk, Silkworm, Mulberry,

23. Table, table and bed: case, table , bed, collapse

24. Meaning of walking: step, tendency, walking, escape, escape, flight, migration, hiding

25. Meaning of disobedience: disobedience, disobedience, rebellion , times (back)

26. Indicating speech: 曰, 云, 说, 毰, 诰, gao, 数,白,陈, Dui, Yu, Yu, Yu, Yu, Xiao, Bian, Ask, thank, fold, interrogate, complain, consult (consult)

27. To express persuasion: say, persuade, rule, satire, ridicule, slander, admonish,

28. Related to horses: horse, colt, stable, policy, restraint, bridle, bridle, ease, control, control, driving, shaft, track

29. Expressing fear: fear, fear, fear, horror , trouble, sudden

30. means to expose: impeach, criticize, reveal

31. related to the emperor: Shang, Di, Zuo, Jian Zuo, ascend the throne, use things, I, Solitary, widowed, royal, edict, summon, imperial edict, (drive) luck, meal, countermeasures, wheel pairing, memorial, table, sparse,

32. To express an audience with the court: dynasty, pilgrimage

33. Meanings of death: (die) collapse, mountain collapse, death, death, poor fortune, death, death (dying), end, passing away

34. Relevant to the capital: forbidden, Que, Ji, Jing, Gyeonggi,

35. means to go to a certain place: such as, pass, achieve, luck, go, pass

36. means to leave a certain place: Go, move, relocate

37. To express a visit: zao, pass, visit, visit (see), visit

38. To express farewell: farewell, farewell, thank you

39. What represents darkness: Yin, Jian, Mi

40. What represents wear: dandy, commoner, knot, shoe, seal, ribbon, crown, crown, scarf, 弁, weak crown , haircut, hatless, belt

41. Indicating a house: house, house, pavilion, house, house, mansion, veranda, house

42. Related to water conservancy : embankment, burst, burst, overflow, swell, irrigation, waterlogging, drought, weir, filth

43. Food-related: millet, millet, grass, paddy, rice, rice, crop, tillage , 稔, ripe, cut, buy, 粜, Lin, 瀀, 富, famine, poor harvest,

4

4. Meanings of a good harvest of food: abundant, abundant, sufficient, sufficient, given, 彚,

45. Meanings of food: 痗, 禞, Dishes, meals, shame (food), vegetables, fruits, fats

46. Meanings of satiety: full, hungry, hungry, hungry, hungry

47. Meanings of containers: stone, dendrobium, cup, and bottle 5. Three compulsory Chinese key knowledge Arrangement and common knowledge of ancient culture

High school Chinese compulsory course 3 Summary of classical Chinese knowledge "A few people are in the country" Summary of classical Chinese knowledge 1. Tongqiazi 1. Straight is not a hundred steps (straight, "only", but. )

2. If the king knows this, there is no hope that the people will be more numerous than those of neighboring countries (无, through "wu", don't.) 3. Those who are awarded white will not live up to the road (award, through "spot") ”, grey.)

4. Tu is hungry and does not know how to get rid of it (Tu means “road”, road.) 2. Ancient and modern synonyms ① Idiot is to the country (Idiot, the name of the king in ancient times) My own humble words.

Today, it is used for lonely people.) ② Henei is bad (river, Yellow River, today generally refers to rivers.

Bad harvest, often today. Refers to a person who is irritable and cruel.) ③Please use the metaphor of war (please, please allow me.

Today it is often used for the other party. For example: "Please sit down", let the other party sit down; "Please guide", let The other party provides guidance.)

④Those in their 70s can eat meat (yes, "ke" means "can", "yi" means "rely". It is often used today to express agreement and approval.)

⑤ Abandon armor and follow the soldiers and walk (walk, run, here refers to escape. Today it often refers to ordinary walking.)

⑥ Or stop after a hundred steps (or, for some people, the pronoun is indefinite. Today it is often used as a choice word in a complex sentence.

) ⑦ The people of the world are here (Si, then, then.

Today it is often used as a pronoun, when "this" and "this" "Speaking, such as "gentle", etc.) 8. It is to enable the people to maintain their health and die without regrets (to maintain their health, to provide for the living; today's commonly used meaning is to maintain their bodies.

)

⑨The king is innocent (not guilty, don’t blame; today’s commonly used meaning is no crime) 3. Multiple meanings of the word 1. Number ①The number of people who wish to make up for the black clothes ("The Legend of Touching the Dragon") "Empress Dowager Zhao") (noun, number, quantity) ② A family of several people can live without hunger ("I am a widow in the country") (numerals, several, how many) ③The number of victory and defeat, the principle of survival, should be Compared with Qin, it may not be easy to measure ("Six Kingdoms") (noun, destiny) ④ Fusu used several admonitions and envoys to foreign generals ("Chen She Family") (adverb, shuò, many times) ⑤Shuò Do not enter the Erchi ("I am in the country") (adjective, cù, dense, detailed) ⑥ Meng Chong's battleships are numbered in thousands ("Battle of Red Cliff") (verb, shǔ, calculation) 2. Straight ① middle Straight to the outside, not spreading or branching ("The Theory of Love and Lotus") (adjective, opposite to "qu", not crooked) ② Straight and not a hundred paces away, it is also walking ("The Story of a Silent Man on the Country") (adverb, Only, only) ③ To fill the ox's head with charcoal ("The Charcoal Seller") (noun, meaning "value", value) ④ If you can't get rid of it, then you will go straight ahead to criticize the commander for breaking his promise ("Afterword") (adverb, Straight, direct) 3. Send ① Hundreds of hits (idiom) (verb, launch) ② Send Lu Zuo and banish nine hundred people to Yuyang ("Chen She Family") (verb, levy, dispatch) ③ Painted with hunger and do not know how to send ("The Widow to the Country") (verb, open the granary and provide relief to the victims) ④The wild fields are fragrant and fragrant, and the beautiful trees are beautiful and full of shade ("The Drunken Old Pavilion") (verb, the flowers bloom) ⑤The host forgets to return as a guest Not sending out ("Pipa Xing") (verb, departure) ⑥ The eunuch also hesitates to patrol and fear righteousness, and it is difficult to make sudden plans ("Tombstone Story of Five People") (verb, execution) ⑦ An Neng can defeat the likes of heroes and choke the tomb passage, It is sad to express the sorrow of those who have lofty ideals ("Tombstone Story of Five People") (verb, send out, express) 4. Soldiers ① It is not me, but a soldier ("I am a few people to the country") (noun, weapons) ② Struggle with force (idiom) (noun, war) ③The Lord of Chang'an must be used as a hostage, and the soldiers will come out ("Touch the Dragon and Talk about the Queen Mother of Zhao") (noun, army) ④Every tree and grass are soldiers (idiom) (noun, soldier) 5. Victory ①The donkey is not angry, and the hoof is ("Donkey of Guizhou") (verb, bear) ② If it does not violate the farming season, the grain cannot be eaten ("I am in the country") (adverb, exhaust) ③This is the so-called victory over the court ("Zou Ji satirizes the king of Qi to accept advice" ") (adjective, victory) ④ When the sun rises, the flowers on the river are as red as fire, and when spring comes, the river is as green as blue ("Recalling Jiangnan") (verb, over) ⑤ I watched the husband Baling win, in a lake in Dongting ("Yueyang Tower") (adjective, beautiful) 6. In ① there is no hope that the people will be more numerous than in neighboring countries (preposition, ratio) ② A few people are in the country (preposition, right) ③ Those who are awarded white will live up to the road (preposition, in) ④ Move its people to the east of the river (preposition, to) ⑤ Move its millet to Hanoi (preposition, from) ⑥ How is it different from stabbing people to kill (preposition, and, and) 7. King ① However, he is not a king (verb, to be a king) , pronounced "wàng") ② King Hui of Liang (noun, king, pronounced "wáng") 8. ① Please use a metaphor for war (preposition, use, take) ② You can have no hunger (preposition, by virtue of, "here" "Yes" can also be regarded as synonymous with ancient and modern times) ③ Enter the mountains and forests at the right time (preposition, press) ④ Apply the meaning of filial piety and brotherhood (preposition, handle) 9. Eat dogs and eat (verb, eat) people eat (noun, food) But I don’t know how to check 10. ① fill it in and drum it (syllable particle, meaningless lining character) ② the beginning of the king’s way (structural particle, "的") ③ apply the meaning of filial piety and brotherhood (referring to the pronoun, replacing "filial piety and brotherhood") righteous". Or it is a combination word "for", to them) ④ I am to the country (structural particle, plays the role of soothing the tone) ⑤ It is not as good as I am (structural particle, used between subject and predicate, cancels the independence of the sentence) ) ⑥ Chickens, dolphins, dogs, and pigs (structural particle, Teabing’s symbol.

Or used as a plural pronoun to refer to “chickens, dolphins, dogs, pigs”) 4. Inflection of parts of speech (1) Inflection of nouns 1 .Noun used as verb ① Fill in the drum (drum, noun used as verb, "beat the drum" and "beat the drum".

Firstly, it is not a conjugation, use the original meaning) ②Tree with mulberry (tree, noun used as verb, "to plant") ③Fifty people can wear silk clothes (clothes, noun used as verb, "put on") ④Wang Wu Sin Sui (guilt, the noun is used as a verb, "to blame") ⑤ However, the person who is not a king (king, the noun is used as a verb, "to be king, to be king", to "unify the world") 2. The verb of the noun is to make the people live and lose their lives There are no regrets in dying (mourning, the noun is used as a verb, "to do funerals for...") (2) Conjugated uses of verbs 1. When the verb is used as a noun, it is to enable people to maintain their health and die without regrets (sheng: living people; death: dead person) 2. Rules for using verbs: move the people to the east of the river, move the millet to Hanoi (move, make... move, use of the verb) (3) Conjugated use of adjectives 1. Use adjectives as verbs as taught by Xiangxu (Jin, an adjective used as a verb, means "to work seriously" and "to do it seriously") 5. Ancient Chinese Sentences (1) Judgment Sentences ① Not me, Suiye (... also, expresses judgment) Not me, also a soldier.

(… also, expresses judgment) Yes and go (... also, expresses judgment) It is to enable the people to maintain their health and die without regrets (... also, express judgment) ② Maintain their health and die without regrets , the beginning of the king's way (...,... also, expression.