Alan Heeger? Alan Heeger? (1936-) was born in Sioux City, Iowa. At present, he is the director of the Institute of Solid Polymers and Organic Matter at the University of California and a professor of physics. Because of the discovery of conductive polymers, he became one of the three winners of the 2000 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. (The other two are American scientist Allen Mark Diamid and Japanese scientist Hideki Shirakawa). This editor's personal achievement has aroused the concern of all countries in the world about the ozone layer and prompted the international community to take concerted action to protect the ozone layer in time. Allen J Haig's brief introduction saved human beings and creatures on earth from the great disaster caused by ozone depletion. In people's impression, plastic does not conduct electricity. In ordinary cables, plastic is often used as the insulating layer outside the conductive copper wire. However, the achievements of three Nobel Prize winners this year have challenged people's habits. Through research, they found that after special modification, plastics can behave like metals and produce electrical conductivity. As we all know, plastics are different from metals. Generally speaking, it can't conduct electricity. In real life, people often use plastic as insulation material. Ordinary wires are copper wires in the middle and covered with plastic insulation. Surprisingly, the people who won this year's Nobel Prize in Chemistry broke this conventional understanding. He found that after some changes, plastic can become a conductor. On June 5438+00, the Academy of Sciences of the Royal Swedish Academy decided to award the 2000 Nobel Prize in Chemistry to American scientists Alan Heeger?, Allen Mark Diamid and Japanese scientist Hideki Shirakawa for their discovery of conductive polymers.

The so-called polymer is a macromolecular substance formed by the combination of simple molecules, and plastic is a kind of polymer. To have sufficient conductivity, the carbon atoms in the polymer must be alternately bonded by single bonds and double bonds, and at the same time, they must be doped-that is, lose or gain electrons through oxidation or reduction. In the late 1970s, Haig, Mark Diamid and Hideki Shirakawa made some original discoveries. Because of their pioneering work, conductive polymers have become an important research field for physicists and chemists, and have produced many valuable applications. Using conductive plastics, people have developed computer screens that protect users from electromagnetic radiation and smart windows that can remove sunlight. In addition, conductive polymers are constantly finding new applications in products such as light-emitting diodes, solar cells and mobile phone display devices. Edit this award-winning profile of Haig, Mark Diamid and Hideki Shirakawa Haig, Mark Diamid and Hideki Shirakawa. In June 2000, 65438+1October 10, 15: 15 (Beijing time: 2 1: 15), the Royal Swedish Academy of Science announced that three scientists were arrested for their discovery and discovery. They are: Allen J Haig of the University of California, Allen MacDilmi of the University of Pennsylvania and Hideki Shirakawa De of the University of Tsukuba. As we all know, plastics are different from metals. Generally speaking, it can't conduct electricity. In real life, people often use plastic as insulation material. Ordinary wires are copper wires in the middle and insulated by plastic.

Surprisingly, the people who won this year's Nobel Prize in Chemistry broke this conventional understanding. He found that after some changes in the image of Allen J Haig, plastic could become a conductor. Plastics are polymers, and countless molecules that make up plastics are usually arranged in long chains, and this structure is repeated regularly. For plastics to conduct electricity, carbon atoms must alternately contain single-bond and double-bond adhesives, and electrons must be removed or attached, that is, oxidized and reduced. In this way, these extra electrons can move along the molecules, and plastic can become a conductor. These three scientists first discovered this principle in the late 1970s. With their efforts, conductive plastics have developed into a scientific field that chemists and physicists pay attention to. This field has given birth to some very important practical applications. The three of them won this year's Nobel Prize in chemistry for their outstanding contributions. Editor's reasons for winning this paragraph Alan Heeger?'s award-winning site Alan Heeger? is a pioneer in the research field of semiconductor polymers and metal polymers. At present, semiconductor polymers that can be used as luminescent materials are mainly studied, including photoluminescence, light-emitting diodes, light-emitting electrochemical cells and lasers. Once these products are successfully developed, they will be widely used in many fields such as high-brightness color liquid crystal displays. In people's impression, plastic does not conduct electricity. In ordinary cables, plastic is often used as the insulating layer outside the conductive copper wire. However, the achievements of three Nobel Prize winners in 2000 challenged people's accustomed "ideas".

Through research, they found that after special modification, plastics can behave like metals and produce electrical conductivity. The so-called polymer is a macromolecular substance formed by the combination of simple molecules, and plastic is a kind of polymer. In order to conduct electricity, the carbon atoms in the polymer must be alternately bonded by single bonds and double bonds, and at the same time, they must be doped-that is, lose or gain electrons through oxidation or reduction. Alan Heeger?1936 65438+1October 22nd, I was born in Sioux City, Iowa. I spent my childhood in Akron, Iowa, a midwestern town with only 65,438+0,000 people, about 35 miles from Sioux City. I go to primary school in Akron. My father died when I was nine years old. After my father died, we moved to Omaha so that my mother could be closer to her family. She raised us alone, and we lived in a house with her sister and her children. One of my earliest memories is that my mother told me the importance of receiving a college education. When my mother graduated from high school, she won a scholarship to go to college, but her parents needed her to help support her family, so she had to work. Before my generation, my parents didn't receive high school education, so I always knew it was my responsibility to go to college. My brother and I are the first people in our family to get a doctorate. My high school life is full of fun and setbacks, which is a typical teenage life.

The greatest achievement of high school was meeting my wife, Ruth. I have loved her for almost 50 years, and she has always been my best friend. My years at the University of Nebraska were special days in my life. When I first went to college, my goal was to become an engineer. I don't think one can take scientific exploration as a career. But after a semester, I'm sure I'm not fit to be an engineer. When I graduated from college, I finished my studies in physics and mathematics. The most wonderful course in the university is modern physics taught by Theodore jorgenson. He introduced me to quantum physics and 20th century science. In Berkeley, my initial goal was to write a purely theoretical paper with Charles kittel. Therefore, I decided to pursue my degree full-time. I went to kittel first and asked him if I could work for him. He suggested that I consider working with people who are engaged in experimental work closely related to theory. This is probably the best advice anyone has ever given me. I followed his advice and joined Allen Potis's research group. I clearly remember my first day in the laboratory. I am doing "original research" and finally set foot in real physics. Regarding the magnetic measurement of insulating antiferromagnet KMnF3, I wrote an antiferroelectric antiferromagnet theory in just one day, and I proudly showed it to Potis. He is patient with me. A few days later, I apologized to him and told him that my theory was meaningless. He is still very patient with me. Through my association with Potis, I learned how to think about physics. More importantly, I began to learn the good discrimination ability of multiple-choice questions.

1975, the first article about a new metal polymer-sulfur-nitrogen polymer (SN)x appeared in the literature. This unusual quasi-one-dimensional metal interests me and I want to join this game. I learned that Professor Allen Mark Diarmid from the Department of Chemistry of the University of Pennsylvania has a background in the chemical research of sulfur-nitrogen polymers, so I asked him to cooperate with me to synthesize (Sn) X. He agreed, and a real cooperation began. We realized that this is a long-term study that spans chemistry and physics, so we decided to learn from each other. Although we cooperate during working hours every week, we usually meet on Saturday morning and have no other plans, just to learn from each other as much as possible. I was fascinated by Mott's theory of metal-insulator transition at that time. Soon, for the first time, we found that the conductivity of (CH)x increased significantly, and confirmed that the increase in conductivity was caused by the transition from insulator (semiconductor) to metal. I love the life of a scientist and share exciting and disappointing days with Ruth. She has filled my life with love and beauty. For more than 40 years, she has been generously tolerating my eccentricity. My husband and wife have successfully established an academic kingdom, and our two sons, Peter and David, are engaged in academic research. Peter is a professor, doctor of medicine, engaged in immunology research in case western reserve university. David is a professor and neuroscientist at Stanford University, where he studies human vision. After winning the Nobel Prize, among all the congratulations I received, what made me most happy was the pride my grandchildren got from their grandfathers.

Editor: Professor Alan Heeger? from Alan Heeger? Due to Alan Heeger?'s outstanding contribution, the Institute of Chemistry held a ceremony to appoint Professor Alan Heeger? as honorary researcher of the Institute of Chemistry. Academician Vice Minister of Science and Technology, Chairman of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Academician Liu, Deputy Director of the Institute of Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Researcher, Director of the Institute of Theoretical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Academician Yu Kun, Deputy Director of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Director of the Institute of Chemistry, Academician Qian Renyuan, Academician Huang and Academician Zhu Qihe attended the appointment ceremony. The appointment ceremony was presided over by Director Wang Meixiang, and Director Wang Meixiang and Director Zhu Daoben presented letters of appointment to Professor Alan Heeger?. Speaking on behalf of the Institute of Chemistry, Wang Meixiang said: "Professor Alan Heeger? is an internationally renowned physicist. He is now a professor in the Department of Physics at the University of California, Santa Barbara, and the director of the Institute of Polymers and Organic Solids. He is a pioneer in international conductive polymer research. His main research fields include: physics and materials science of organic and polymer photoelectric materials and devices. He has published more than 600 papers in the United States and obtained more than 40 patents. His papers are cited 64th in the world. Professor Alan Heeger? attaches great importance to transforming scientific research achievements into productive forces. In recent years, he led the research team of UNIAX company to solve a series of basic and technical problems such as high efficiency and long working life of polymer luminescent monochrome display, which made polymer luminescent display enter industrialization.

Because of his outstanding contribution, he won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2000. Professor Alan Heeger? said humorously in his acceptance speech that he was a physicist and became a chemist in 2000. He vividly explained with his own examples that the boundaries of disciplines are becoming more and more blurred, and cross-cooperation is so important. Special guests Vice Minister Cheng Jinpei, Director Chen Jiaer and Director Jin Duo also delivered speeches at the appointment ceremony. Subsequently, Professor Alan Heeger? gave a wonderful lecture entitled "Semiconductor and Metal Conductive Polymers-the Fourth Generation of Polymer Materials" in the Academic Lecture Hall. The academic lecture hall with more than 200 seats was packed, and some faculty and students even stood listening to the lecture and had a heated discussion with Professor Alan Heeger?. Subsequently, accompanied by Director Wang Meixiang, Professor Allen Hege visited the Nano Center of China Academy of Sciences, the State Key Laboratory of molecular reaction dynamics, the Key Laboratory of the Institute of Organic Solids and the Key Laboratory of the Institute of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology. Allen Haig Allen Haig's conductive plastics can be used in many special environments, such as antistatic substances of photographic films and electromagnetic radiation shielding of computer monitors. Some recently developed semiconductor polymers can even be used in light-emitting diodes, solar cells and display screens of mobile phones and mini-TVs. The study of conductive polymers is closely related to the rapid development of molecular electronics. It is estimated that in the future we can produce transistors and other electronic components containing only a single molecule, which will greatly increase the speed of computers and reduce the size of computers. The laptop we put in the briefcase now may only be the size of a watch by then.