It is natural that fatigue can rejuvenate the country and leisure can die.
original text
Oh! Although the reason for the rise and fall is fate, it is not human nature! The original Zhuang Zong won the world for a better reason than those who lost it.
It is said that the king of Jin will eventually give three arrows. On that day, he told him: "Liang, I hate him; Prince, what I represent; Qidan and I are about brothers, but both of them are going back to Jin and Liang. I hate these three. With your three arrows, you will never forget your father's ambition. "Zhuang Zong is hidden in the temple. Later, when fighting, he sent someone to tell the temple with a small supervisor, asking for his arrow, filling his move, opening up passively, and returning in triumph.
It was Yan and his son who wrote that Liang Junchen was the first king, entered the ancestral temple and went back to the first king to tell him that he had succeeded. He is full of energy and can be described as powerful! And the enemy has been destroyed, the world has been decided, and chaos should be four. I went out in a hurry, but I didn't see the thief, and the soldiers were in a state of chaos. The monarch and the minister looked after each other and didn't know where to go. As for swearing, breaking my hair and crying, how bad! Is it difficult to get, but easy to lose, and they are all from others? Book Day: "Full of losses, modest benefits." It is natural that fatigue can rejuvenate the country and leisure can die.
Therefore, Qi Fangqiang, he can't compare with the heroes in the world; And its decline, dozens of actors trapped, the country died and died, laughing at the world. Husband's misfortune often makes a mickle, but wisdom and courage are trapped in drowning, so he is a lonely person!
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Alas! Although the reason for the rise and fall of a country is providence, isn't it man-made? We can understand this truth by studying the reasons why Zhuang Zong won and lost the world.
Legend has it that when the king of Jin died, he gave three arrows to his son and said to him, "King Liang is my enemy; Prince Yan, I made him king; I made an appointment with King Qidan to become brothers, but both betrayed Jin and defected to Liang. These three people, they are my legacy. Now give you three arrows, don't forget your father's desire for revenge! " Zhuang Zong hid the arrow in the ancestral hall. Later, when he sent troops to fight, he asked his men to take a pair of pigs and sheep to the ancestral hall, took out three arrows, put them in backpacks, walked in front of the team on their backs, and returned them to the ancestral hall after a triumph.
Just as he tied the prince and his son with a rope, he put the heads of Emperor Liang and his department in wooden boxes, entered the ancestral temple, and returned the arrow to the former king's coffin. Zhuang was so proud and proud when he told about his success. Later, the enemy was wiped out and the world was stable. At this time, a man shouted at night, and the insurgents responded in all directions. Zhuang Zong fled to the east in a panic. The soldiers had dispersed before he saw the traitor. Zhuang looked at each other, not knowing where to go, and even vowed to cut his hair and wet his skirt with tears. How tragic that is! Is it easy to lose the world, or is it because of human reasons to explore the signs of its success or failure? Shangshu said: "Pride and complacency will bring harm, while modesty and prudence will bring benefits." Worry and fatigue can make the country prosper, and happiness can make itself perish. This is a natural truth.
Therefore, when Zhuang Zongqiang flourished, no hero in the world could compete with him; When he declined, dozens of actors besieged him, only to be laughed at by the whole world. The evils in life are often accumulated by subtle things. Most smart people are trapped by what they like. Just because they like actresses?
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Biography of Lingguan is a short preface written by Ouyang Xiu for History of the New Five Dynasties.
For Ouyang Xiu's era, the history of the Five Dynasties is still modern history. The author spent nearly 30 years compiling the History of the New Five Dynasties, aiming at providing historical experience for the ruling rulers in a short time. As he himself said: "In the past, when Confucius wrote the Spring and Autumn Annals, he ruled by legislation because of troubled times, and the rest described discipline, and he was chaotic for the rule of law. This is also his ambition. " (See Appendix 5 "Deeds" of Ouyang Wenzhong's Official Documents Collection. To this end, he expounded his views in the form of preface on some events or thought-provoking problems that he thought were particularly worthy of vigilance by future generations. Biography of Lingguan is such a way of writing. By summarizing the historical lessons of Tang and Zhuang Dynasties' unification and loss of the world, it is explained that "worry and fatigue can rejuvenate the country, and leisure can perish", and it is pointed out that the rise and fall of a country mainly depends on personnel. This view is not only of practical significance at that time, but also worth pondering today.
Many predecessors said that the writing of this article was influenced by the comments in Historical Biography and Hanshu. Cai Shiyuan said, "The son-in-law talks about how short and pithy the comments are, or about their benefits (some scholars suspect that' benefits' are' one'), or expresses his feelings for a few words. On the other hand, Meng Jian is meticulous about right and wrong, and he makes a decision directly. Naturally, after that, I imitated two schools of thought, which really kept the line, but European public opinion praised it greatly. Loyalty and patriotism shaped by pen and ink is to make people obey the rules and regulations, and future generations will advise and punish them. There is no limit to the length of his article, so you can know his taste. " (Ancient Zheng Wenya, Volume 10) To be exact, the first sentence in the preface is the general outline of the full text. The following paragraphs, a historical narrative and two arguments are all around this program. In the narrative, first write the historical facts of Zhuang Zong's prosperity, and then write the scene of his extreme decline. The skill is promotion and inhibition. The former makes the words and deeds of the characters vivid and vivid. Compared with other articles with the same content, the text is particularly short. The latter narrates the disaster, with a sad mood and strong feelings. Through the sharp contrast between extreme prosperity and extreme decline, the final argument is naturally drawn, which makes the author's conclusion very convincing. At the end of the article, it is more meaningful to point out the historical lessons of Zhuang Zong. Particularly thought-provoking. The preface is carefully conceived and written with a pen; Fluent language, profound emotion and thought-provoking; The text is concise and clear, and it is Owen's masterpiece.
The author wrote Biography of Lingguan to warn the Northern Song Dynasty at that time, to learn from history, to be prepared for danger in times of peace, and to guard against delays. This preface focuses on discussion and is intended as a warning. This is a historical theory. /wenyanwen/gaozhong/5099.html
This paper puts "fate" and "personnel" together, and emphasizes the dominant position of "personnel" by asking questions: then it writes that the King of Jin gave his son an arrow before he died, telling him that "he didn't forget his father's ambition" that Zhuang Zong was attacked, and finally he got revenge. This is a positive description, which shows that Zhuang Zong's accession to the throne has a good start. The third paragraph is in sharp contrast. "Fang Qi" and "He", this is a time comparison; In the past, the situation of "strength" and "decline" was different! Yan and his son are a group ",which makes Jin Wang laugh and chase Jiuquan; Zhuang Zong and his ministers took care of each other, and they "broke their hair and swore", which only made the king of Jin swallow his tears. The author uses a concise and strong contrast between personnel and fate, prosperity and decline, gain and loss, hardship and relaxation, success and failure, prosperity and death, worry and fatigue and leisure to explain that success or failure is due to personnel. This shows that Zhuang Zong has no happy ending. At the end of the article, "disasters often add up, but wisdom and courage are trapped in drowning, so it is not enough to be alone" as the conclusion, emphasizing the universal significance of this lesson. The author's writing is concise, clear and fluent, good at explaining and analyzing layer by layer, and has strong appeal and persuasion.