First, attack
1, attack tactics principle:
When a team gains control of the ball from the opponent's feet in the game, the offensive tactics begin. In order to obtain the application effect of offensive tactics, every player must understand and be good at using the following four principles of offensive tactics reasonably.
(1) "width" principle
It means that the attacker uses the width of the field as much as possible, so that the defender is forced to expand the side defense area, thus creating an easy-to-use offensive space. This principle is mainly used in the tactical situation of slowing down the attack speed and organizing the attack slowly and steadily. When in this position, this principle can be applied to any field. When applying this principle, we must accurately master the basic techniques of horizontal transmission and horizontal long transmission, and provide reliable technical support for subsequent infiltration attacks.
(2) Infiltration principle
It refers to passing the ball through the instep or other footwork at the fastest speed, opening the defense with a cross pass and moving forward. Its purpose is to directly create shooting opportunities or create favorable conditions for shooting. This principle not only requires players to have the ability to return the ball accurately and quickly with various footwork, but also requires good moving speed. When attacking slowly, sudden speed will be an important condition to penetrate the opponent's defense. The sooner you penetrate the other side, the more efficient the attack will be. So, when the midfield security organization attacks. Every player should try his best to prepare opportunities and quickly use penetrating passing to create shooting opportunities.
(3) the principle of flexibility
It refers to the action of tactfully cooperating with the ball and without the ball when being marked by the opponent in the attack. This principle is mainly manifested in dribbling to one side to create a gap for the partner when there is a ball, and dribbling forward will create a gap behind him. No-ball activities are mainly reflected in the conscious running position, in order to open the gap with the holding partner, the players use the ball tactics to move the open gap, create passing points and cut people. When implementing the principle of flexibility, the special requirement of physical fitness is a faster starting speed. Because get rid of man-to-man and cut man-to-man, you need to get started quickly. The defender's insertion and midfield cooperation still need explosive speed. Offenders must have the above skills, tactics and physical qualities, and can correctly and reasonably implement the principle of flexibility, so as to disintegrate the dense defensive layout of the opponent, disrupt the defensive position, and achieve success in the application of offensive tactics in the frontcourt.
(4) the principle of improvisation
It refers to creating shooting opportunities in the attack, seizing the opportunity to shoot at will, and the ultimate goal is to score goals. As far as this principle and tactical thinking are concerned, every player should create as many shooting opportunities as possible and wait for an opportunity to shoot, otherwise it will be flashy and futile. In short, it is reasonable to be able to make a move in the end. In the fierce competition, the effectiveness of tactics depends more on the players' deep understanding of the environment and their creativity on the spot. Therefore, the tactical qualities such as intuition, contingency thinking, on-the-spot experience and instinctive response and individuals can become the necessary conditions for players to participate in the war.
2, the basic elements of offensive tactics
The offensive tactics in the competition can be divided into three forms: individual tactics, local tactics and overall tactics. Each form of offensive tactics contains the following basic factors.
(1) catch the ball and take the next action factor.
This is a coherent technique, in which two movements are integrated. It requires players to do another action while controlling the ball, with the purpose of keeping the ball active, speeding up the game and reducing the possibility of being grabbed by the other side. There are many ways to change this movement factor, such as changes in the head, chest, feet and other parts or changes in joint movement and direction under the same position. Another example is that the instep catches the dribble and the instep catches the shot. In tactical application, what kind of action a player should use mainly depends on his environmental conditions. In order to ensure the rationality and effectiveness of this action factor, players should master the following basic principles:
Before touching the ball, you must have a clear understanding of your position and environment and have a preliminary plan on how to deal with the ball next.
(2) If you have an opponent around or near you, you should first make some fake moves to get rid of your opponent, and then handle the ball with cover or other means.
(3) When touching the ball, we must pay attention to the suddenness and speed of the action, especially the organic connection between the two actions.
(2) Passing action factors
Passing is a bridge of any kind of tactical cooperation. The main purpose of passing the ball is to speed up the attack and give full play to the collective strength. There are many kinds of passing, no matter what kind of passing, players must pay attention to the following principles:
(1) must be based on peers, opponents, venues, climate, competition and other specific circumstances to make a decision.
② Passing the ball should be conducive to creating a gap, and passing the ball in the opposite direction is the most effective way to achieve this goal.
③ Before passing the ball, the passer should try his best to accompany the receiver to master the timing, direction and method of passing the ball through gestures and calls.
④ The passer should pay attention to the passing way behind the defender. When the defender turned to chase, it was too late.
⑤ The passer should master the running time of the receiver, pass the ball in advance, and let the receiver get the ball while running. If the gap is limited, it can be passed directly to the catcher's foot.
(3) dribbling action factors
Dribble has three main functions in offensive tactics: one is to break through the opponent. The second is to control the speed of the game and choose the attack opportunity; The third is as a means of propulsion. The breakthrough of dribbling is known as a sharp knife in offensive tactics, which occupies a considerable proportion in tactical application, but it should not be used at will. The big taboo to remember when using dribbling is: Never dribble when you have a good chance to pass the ball, because this will not only affect the attack speed, but also often delay the excellent soldiers and limit the collective wisdom. Especially in the backcourt, too much or improper dribbling not only has the above hazards, but also may directly threaten one's own goal because of dribbling mistakes. When using tactics, we must pay attention to the following points:
(1) If the player with the ball has no possibility of passing the ball immediately, he can wait for his partner to dribble to the position where he can pass the ball, or take the initiative to find the passing point through personal breakthrough.
② If the companion is offside, the dribbler should use dribbling to provide time for the companion to get rid of the offside position.
③ There is no better passing opportunity near the opponent's penalty area, and the dribbler can dribble through the defender to shoot or cross.
(4) If the game is coming to an end and the score is ahead, you can delay the time by dribbling as a means to maintain the victory.
(4) Remove the movement factor of the running position.
Getting rid of it is often associated with running posture as a prelude to running posture. Get rid of all kinds of purposeful body movements that offensive players usually take to avoid the other side staring back. Such as feint, sudden start, change direction, etc. It is also one of the important conditions for effective operation. Running position refers to a planned, conscious and purposeful tactical action taken by players without the ball in order to create better opportunities for catching and shooting for themselves or their companions. In the game, as long as the team gets the ball, it must get rid of the opponent and take the initiative to find the offensive gap according to the position of the holding partner, the layout of the opponent's players and the venue where the ball is located. There are many forms of running position, so we should choose the right running position according to the changes on the field in the competition. The key point is to learn to "transpose" and run. The so-called "transposition" running position refers to a tactical action in which the attacker consciously changes his original position and throws himself into a new position in order to obtain better running position effect. In football offensive tactics, the common forms of this "transposition" are: transposition of the same winger, transposition of different wingers, transposition of wingers with the same avant-garde, transposition of wingers with defenders, transposition of wingers with the opposite avant-garde and so on. The main purpose of "transposition" is to find a better gap for yourself or your partner to catch the ball or shoot. Pinch down the defense, cooperate with the players to get the ball, and create conditions for them to handle the ball better. Disrupt the defensive layout of the opponent, expose the gap, and lay the foundation for the flexibility and effectiveness of offensive tactics. To achieve the goal of running position, players should take "width" and "depth" as the main basis, and pay attention to the purpose, flexibility, suddenness, timeliness and variability of running position under the control of overall tactical consciousness, so as to create more and better offensive points and flexible choice of tactical actions for partners without the ball and players with the ball, and create favorable conditions.
(5) shooting action factors
Shooting is the purpose of any collective and individual offensive action. Players should understand that a team's victory in the game can only become a reality through shooting. Players must seize the following shooting opportunities when practicing various shooting:
(1) When the partner passes the ball behind the defender, he suddenly inserts the shot.
(2) After breaking through the defenders who cooperate one-on-one in the frontcourt, make a quick shot before other defenders make up the position.
(3) After dribbling through a defender, start shooting before other defenders block it.
(4) When the companion breaks through the cross ball from one side, he rushes to the flank from the middle or other abnormal places to shoot.
⑤ Direct free kick service in the frontcourt, using curveball to form a threatening shot.
⑥ When serving a low flat corner ball near the goal area, grab the shot.
⑦ When indirect free kick is served in the frontcourt, a threatening shot can be formed by using the simple cooperation of deceiving opponents.
When the attacking player dribbles close to the goal and the goalkeeper is giving up the angle of transfer in front of the door, he can take the opportunity to shoot.
When the attacking player and the opposing team form a pair, seize the moment when the goalkeeper's line of sight is blocked and shoot.
Attending when the opponent mistakenly thinks that the player holding the ball will pass the ball to other frontcourt players, make a quick shot.
The number of shots is an important prerequisite for the success rate of shooting. The success of shooting depends more on grasping the shooting opportunity and the accuracy and intensity of shooting. As far as shooting quality is concerned, accuracy, suddenness and strength are its core three elements. In addition, for each player, we should keep in mind several principles that are helpful to improve the shooting quality: direct shooting without indirect shooting, fast attack without slow shooting, passing shooting without dribbling, and unequal landing shooting in the air.
3. Common forms of offensive tactics
(1) Side attack
Generally speaking, it refers to the attack in which the final stage of the attack takes place outside the restricted area in the frontcourt and close to the sideline. There are usually two channels to launch and push the side attack: first, the attack process is always carried out along the side road; The second way is to turn to the auxiliary road through the middle road. The main purpose of flank attack is to make full use of the principle of "width", open the defensive surface to weaken the defensive power in the middle and create favorable fighters for scoring in the middle. In order to effectively complete the flank attack, players should focus on the following five offensive forms that are conducive to winning by shooting:
(1) through the side.
(2) The side road is pushed horizontally or obliquely, followed by the underpass.
③ Side oblique breakthrough shooting.
(4) The lob or curveball is shot directly from the side.
⑤ The side slope is two-one, one-short pass and shooting.
(2) Intermediate attack
The middle attack usually refers to the attack that takes place in the middle area of the frontcourt in the final stage of the attack. Generally, the channels for the formation of middle attack also come from two forms: straight forward in the middle and transfer in the middle. Generally speaking, the characteristics of the middle attack are more threatening and direct than the flank attack. Because of the dense middle defenders, it is very difficult to attack effectively, but once successful, the threat effect is even greater. There are many ways to end the attack halfway, which requires players to master the following common forms:
(1) Long-distance dribbling propulsion.
② Individual dribbling breakthrough shooting.
③ A variety of local 2-pair 1 and 3-pair-2 quick coordination shots.
4 outflank the cross and shoot.
⑤ Fighters are not suitable for distributing the ball to the wings.
6. The midfielder inserts the shot.
⑦ Free kick is shot directly or with cooperation.
(3) Quick counterattack
Counterattack refers to getting the ball from the defensive side to the center and frontcourt players in a favorable position as soon as possible before the opposing team is fully organized and strictly defended, so as to get a good shooting opportunity. In today's football match, there are many opportunities for quick counterattack. Players are required to understand and master the following quick counterattack opportunities:
(1) After grabbing an inaccurate pass from the opponent.
② After grabbing the ball controlled by the opponent's foot.
(3) After the opponent fouled in the attack and was awarded a free kick.
Whether we can make full use of the above opportunities depends on whether we can make rational use of "fast" and "accurate" actions. If we can seize the moment when the opponent's layout is still in the offensive state, immediately counterattack, supplemented by precise cooperation, then the team is likely to create threatening shooting opportunities.
(4) Horizontal attack
Hierarchical attack refers to an organized, step-by-step and layer-by-layer attack, which generally occurs when the opponent has organized the defensive layout after grabbing the ball from the defense. Hierarchical attack is a more cautious attack style than quick counterattack. If speed and adventure are the basis of counterattack, it is more appropriate to describe hierarchical attacks accurately and safely. Graded attacks have the characteristics of security and accuracy. Generally speaking, only those teams with superb skills, excellent tactical accomplishment, good use of offensive width and penetration principles, and good attention to the rhythm of the game can often fully reflect the tactical strength of this style of play in practice. Therefore, as beginners, we only need to understand this kind of offensive play, and we don't want to master it comprehensively.
Second, run and pass the ball.
1, running position
Compared with passing and catching the ball, the rhythm control of running position is simpler and easier to understand, but in fact, the difference between some players and superstars lies in running position, when to insert forward, when to withdraw the ball, when to insert forward, when to meet forward and so on. , is a sense of running. If the runner and the passer are completely in tune, then a successful cooperation may be completed.
However, in addition to the routine arranged before the game, the most important thing is to judge according to the form of the game, such as when the forward insertion can be offside, when the player with the ball is forced too hard and needs to retreat to meet, when the crowd is inserted in the middle to make a meeting point for the ball, when the teammate is at the bottom, how to outflank and grab the middle point, and so on. Some can be done according to subordinates before the game, and some need to improvise. Control time and space, be firm when inserting quickly, and don't rush when detouring. These are all controlled by the running rhythm, but the most important thing is that the runner and the passer are in tune, such as offside. This is the most threatening.
2. The rhythm of passing the ball
To tell the truth, this is the most worthwhile topic about rhythm, and there are many contents, but it is really difficult to say it completely in words. The simplest way to put it is when to pass the ball, when to take it and when to control it. That's it, but it's too superficial. Detailed things are too annoying to say. Here's an example to illustrate. An example of Rui Costa is:
Rui first got the ball near the midfield and then passed it straight. Behind him, a defender is chasing after him, and he will catch up soon. There are four defenders about 20 meters in front of him, and one teammate on his left and right is inserting at high speed to meet him. And there is a lot of space on both sides, but he didn't pass it to anyone, so he continued to take it forward and dribble it to the left rib. Because of his choice of dribbling route and direction, he attracted two defenders, left-back and left-back, to defend and defend. There were three players who didn't pass after two steps, until the other side almost surrounded him, and suddenly a direct pass was made, behind the other defender.
This example can already explain many things. If he had passed the routine earlier, he would not have fallen into the dilemma of double-teaming, but he didn't. When there is a gap in team friendship, it is not necessary to give it immediately. Grasp the timing and rhythm of passing. When you take it, you can bring a defender to attract the other side to intercept it, which will make the passed ball more threatening. Of course, it depends on the route you take the ball, otherwise it won't attract the opposing players to grab it.
This is a typical example of kicking a ball with your brain. To tell you the truth, if you encounter the same situation, maybe no English player will handle the ball like Costa. Usually, they will choose the so-called most reasonable way to handle the ball. Before the defenders come up to block, they will throw the ball immediately when there is a gap on the sidewalk, otherwise the ball may not be passed. However, the way of controlling the ball by genius is not summarized in the textbook, and Lampard and Gerrard can't learn it. Of course, they also know how to attract defense with the ball, but Costa pushed the ball from behind the beaten player and chose to continue with the ball because he was waiting for the best time to throw the ball. Otherwise, this attack is far less threatening than the later completion, but the technology is not the most prominent British player. Once they think they may not be able to play, they will pass the ball immediately. They can hardly think at this time, which may be one of the reasons why many fans don't like English football (only for the national team, not for the Premier League).
Another thing to emphasize about the passing rhythm is the change of passing speed: the passing speed of the ball is directly related to whether it can directly cause a breakthrough or directly affect the consistency of your next move. For example, the purpose of passing the ball is to let your teammate shoot directly, so that he can choose a slower speed, which is convenient for him to master the touch point. But if he wants to get rid of the defense for the latecomers, he can choose a faster speed and get rid of the speed of his teammates directly.
There are still some things about passing rhythm that I haven't written, and I'm going to add them in the next article about football rhythm attack. For example, the coordination of two and one will change rhythmically. You can choose not to pass the ball by using the illusion of "21", attract defenders by using the movement of your own players, and make a breakthrough in gap selection. Because some things are more suitable to be combined with attack systems.
The last point is about the rhythm of catching the ball.
In fact, catching the ball is rhythmic, because the rationality of catching the ball is also related to the success rate of an attack. The catcher should choose how to catch the ball according to the passing and the position of the opposing defender or whether it is intercepted. For example, for a defender who jumps up, if the ball is just between the two of you, the receiver can make a fake action to stop the ball and then let it pass to get rid of the defender who comes up directly. Or you can choose whether to stop the ball outward or inward, whether to stop the ball directly or let it pass, or you can take advantage of the fact that the ball is fast and the defender is not in place in time and choose to pass it directly to the defender. When the player who receives the ball chooses the appropriate way to receive the ball, he should directly get rid of it or stop to do the next move, or stop the real belt (stop at the outside and suddenly switch to the inside belt) instead of simply having only one way to receive the ball, and the way to deal with the ball is single and there is no rhythm change, then the defender will immediately choose a targeted defense method, which makes it difficult for you to deal with the ball.