Like the theological thought of the Trinity, there is no direct and clear discussion in the Bible about whether the Virgin Mary was contaminated with original sin. However, both supporters and opponents of the Immaculate Conception claim biblical support.

During the period of the Church Fathers, Latin Father Augustine believed that although the Virgin had no original sin, she was still tainted by original sin. Augustine's view was adopted by many theologians including St. Bernard and St. Thomas. Although some people believed in the Immaculate Conception of Mary at the time, their influence was not significant.

In the fifteenth century, the Franciscans began to promote the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception. In 1439, the Franciscans succeeded in getting the Synod of Basil to accept this theological idea.

In 1472, Pope Sixtus IV, who had served as president of the Franciscans, published the theological work "On the Conception of the Virgin Against the Errors of the Saint of Lenia", which was made public Supports the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception. Four years later, he promulgated the canon Cum Prae-excelsa, approving the worship of the Immaculate Conception and granting indulgences to believers who participated in this devotion.

In 1483, Pope Sixtus IV promulgated the canon "Gravi Nimis", declaring that those who claimed that "the Immaculate Conception is a heresy" would be excommunicated from the church, but at the same time, those who claimed that "the Immaculate Conception is a heresy" would be excommunicated. Criticized by those who believe the Immaculate Conception is heresy. In 1567, Pope Pius V issued the Bulla Ex Omnibus Afflictionibus (Bulla Ex Omnibus Afflictionibus), condemning Michael du Bay and others. One of Dubois' crimes was that he declared that "everyone except Jesus is stained with original sin, and Mary is no exception." Subsequent popes, including Paul V, Gregory XV, Alexander VII, and Alexander VIII, all tended to the Immaculate Conception.

In 1621, the General Synod of the Franciscans decided to name Mary of the Immaculate Conception as the patron saint of the Franciscans. At that time, the Immaculate Conception had not yet become official dogma.

In April 1841, the Hong Kong Pastoral District was established. In June of the same year, the foundation stone of the cathedral was laid and it was named the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception. At that time, the Immaculate Conception had not yet become official dogma.

On December 8, 1854, Pope Pius IX issued the encyclical "Bulla Ineffabilis Deus" (Bulla Ineffabilis Deus), officially declaring "The Immaculate Conception" as "the doctrine to be believed" . Since then, the "Immaculate Conception" has officially become part of Catholic doctrine.

In 1858, Bernard, a country girl from Lourdes, France, claimed to have seen the Virgin appear and heard her calling herself the "Immaculate Conception". The Catholic Church recognizes the authenticity of this private apparition.