Summary of China's historical common sense knowledge points
Song Dynasty made outstanding achievements in acupuncture and forensic medicine. Injustice Collection is the first systematic forensic work in China, which is more than 300 years earlier than similar monographs in the West.
1, Sima Guang was a famous historian in the Northern Song Dynasty. It took him 19 years to compile Zi Tongzhi Jian, which is a well-known chronological general history, covering more than 300 years from the Warring States to the Five Dynasties19.
2. At the end of Song Dynasty, a group of people led by Song Jiang revolted in Liangshan, Shandong. Later, The Water Margin, one of China's classical Four Great Classical Novels, was written under this background.
3. During the Song Dynasty, some other nationalities established political power in China, such as Liao established by the Qidan nationality, Jin established by the Jurchen nationality and Xixia established by the Tangut. In A.D. 1 127, the Jin army attacked Kaifeng and captured the Northern Song emperors Song Huizong and Song Qinzong. Zhao Gou, another son of Hui Zong, proclaimed himself emperor. He fled to the south and established political power in Hangzhou, becoming the Southern Song Dynasty in history (A.D. 1 127- 1279).
4. Yue Fei was a famous gold fighter in Southern Song Dynasty. He led the army to the north to recover the territory of Song State occupied by Jin Jun, but was killed by others on trumped-up charges. Yue Fei was buried by the West Lake in Hangzhou. In order to commemorate him, later generations put a kneeling statue of Qin Gui and others cast with pig iron in front of his grave, expressing their strong hatred for the traitor. 125, 127 1 year. After Kublai Khan established the Yuan Dynasty, he attacked the Southern Song Dynasty on a large scale. Wen Tianxiang, a famous soldier in the Southern Song Dynasty, organized military and civilian resistance and was captured after his failure. The rulers of the Yuan Dynasty used various methods to persuade him to surrender. He would rather die than surrender, and wrote poems such as Song Zhengqi and Crossing the Ocean, which showed indomitable national integrity. The phrase "Who has never died in life since ancient times? In Zero Zero and Ding Yang, "Keep the heart of Dan and shine on history" has become a famous saying throughout the ages.
5. During the nearly 30 years from 1405 to 1433, Zheng He's fleet made seven voyages to the Western Ocean and reached more than 30 countries and regions in Asia and Africa. Model of Zheng He's Treasure Ship to the West.
6. Mongolians are an ancient ethnic group in northern China. At the end of 12, Temujin unified the Mongolian ministries after more than ten years of war. 1206 was elected as the Great Khan of Mongolia, honorably called "Genghis Khan", which means "a powerful monarch".
Kublai Khan is the grandson of Genghis Khan. 127 1 year established the Yuan Dynasty (A.D.1271-1368), which was called Yuan Shizu. During and after the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty, a large-scale land expansion war was launched, which spread westward to the Danube River basin in Europe and had a great impact on the development of world history.
8. In the history of China, the territory of the Yuan Dynasty was larger than that of any previous dynasty. The Yuan Dynasty practiced the provincial system and effectively ruled the whole country. Most of the capitals of the Yuan Dynasty were world-famous commercial centers, and most of them were now Beijing in China.
9. In the middle and late Yuan Dynasty, cotton was widely planted all over the country, and the cotton textile industry was developed. Cotton cloth became the main material of Jiangnan people, which was an important event in China's ancient economic life. In Yuan Dynasty, Huang Daopo promoted the advanced cotton spinning technology of Li nationality, which made great contributions to the development of cotton textile industry.
10 During the Yuan Dynasty, there were frequent exchanges between China and foreign countries. Kyle Polo, a famous Italian traveler, wrote a book "Travels of Marco Polo", which vividly described the prosperity of metropolis, Hangzhou and other cities and inspired Europeans to yearn for China.
1 1. During the Yuan Dynasty, a large number of Persians and Arabs who believed in Islam moved to China. They lived together with the Han, Mongolian, Uygur and other ethnic groups for a long time and merged with each other, and began to form a new ethnic Hui.
12. The Yuan Dynasty traded with many countries and regions. Quanzhou, Fujian Province was the largest port in Yuan Dynasty, and it was ranked as the largest port in the world along with Alexandria, Egypt. There are many Erythrina trees growing in Quanzhou, so it is famous as Erythrina City.
13 and 1368, Zhu Yuanzhang led the peasant uprising, overthrew the Yuan regime and established the Ming Dynasty (1368- 1644), and Zhu Yuanzhang was Ming Taizu. Nanjing was the capital in the early Ming Dynasty. Later, Ming Chengzu moved to Beijing.
By summing up the explanation and study of China's historical knowledge, I hope students can master it well and study hard!