Year: Tang? Author: Du Fu

The clear river winds around the village, and everything in the village looks elegant in the long summer.

Swallows on the beam fly freely, and blind dates in the water are similar and accompanied.

The old lady is using a chessboard, and the younger son is making a hook with an injection.

The only thing many diseases need is medicine, what else can they ask for?

Second, translation.

The clear river winds through the village, and everything in the village looks elegant in the long summer.

Swallows on the beam fly freely, and seagulls in the water chase each other and kiss each other.

The wife drew a chessboard on the paper, and the child made a hook with a light needle.

I am old, and all my sick body needs is medicine to treat the disease. Besides, what can I expect?

Third, appreciate

This poem was written in the first year of Shangyuan in Tang Suzong (760). A few months ago, after four years in exile, the poet came from Tongzhou to Mianzhou, a prosperous hometown in the southwest of China, located in the suburb of Chengdu, undisturbed by the war and temporarily kept quiet. With the support of relatives and friends, the thatched cottage he worked so hard to run has begun to take shape; The poet, who has gone through the hardships of leaving his hometown, is ready to drift from place to place and finally has a temporary shelter. It's early summer. On the banks of Huanhua River, the river twists and turns, while Tsinghua in Shui Mu is a quiet and elegant pastoral scenery. As you can imagine, the poet picked up the title of the poem "Jiangcun" and began to chant his feelings.

Everything is quiet in the second sentence of the first couplet of this poem, which reminds me of a will. The middle four sentences are closely related to "All is silent" and go all the way down. Liang Zhongyan, come and go freely; Bai Ou on the river is neck and neck. From the poet's eyes, both swallows and seagulls have an interest in forgetting their planes, which is suitable for music groups. Things are so quiet, and the interest in personnel especially makes the poet happy: his wife's infatuation and naive drawing paper for chess are amiable at first sight; It's so cute for children to knock on needles as hooks. Chess is most suitable for summer, Qingjiang is just fishing, and the village is happy and everything goes well. How can a poet not feel happy and satisfied when he meets again after a long separation? Conclusion "But an old friend provides rice, what else can I ask for?" Although it is a happy word on the surface, there is a lot of bitterness in the bones. Saying "but there is" does not guarantee that there will be; Saying "what do you want more" means that you have already made a request. Du Fu really didn't forget that his leisurely life in front of him was based on "old friends with rice". This is a very sensitive sensitive point. Once there is a problem with the distribution of rice, nothing can be said. Therefore, we can say that the last two sentences are bitter feelings rather than lucky words. A generation of poets, living in poverty and relying on others, while temporarily settling down, revealed such sad words, which is really a strong accusation against the feudal ruling class for destroying talents.

The four sentences of Zhonglian have written enough about the tranquility of Jiangcun from the aspects of material state and human feelings. Then at the end of the sentence, the theme of "everything is quiet" is closed with the phrase "what else can we ask for", which is the simplest and most secure.

The poem Jiangcun is unique in artistic treatment.

First, compound words do not repeat. The first two sentences of this poem have both the word "Jiang" and the word "Village". According to the general rules of metrical poetry, compound words are forbidden to be associated with the chin and neck, and the loose sentences of the first and second couplets are not so strict, but they should be avoided as far as possible. Now using a pair of compound words has a light and elegant feeling, and I don't think it is a crime. This situation is very similar to that in legal sentences. Difficult sentences must be saved by difficult sentences, and compound words must be supplemented by compound words. Besides, there are two other overlapping words "everything" in the second sentence, so that the first two poems have no sense of support at all.

Second, the whole poem is coherent and compact. "Liang" belongs to "village", "water" and "river"; The chess game is at the top of the "long summer" and the "fishhook" is hidden in the "Qingjiang River". Zhuan Xu's "going to the beam alone, kissing the gulls in the water", two words of "self" and two words of "phase" are all self-correcting; "Go", "Come" and "Near" are all right. Self-righting and mutual righting, reading is light and erratic.

The third is to sum up sentences and suddenly turn to sadness, which is a great feature of Du Fu's homesickness poems. Du Fu has two poems that describe the joys and sorrows of his poems, saying that "extreme sadness is based on poetry, and poetry turns desolate" ("After the End"). This poem was originally written in a leisurely mood, but when he wrote it, he couldn't help but reveal his loneliness and unhappiness at the end, which made people feel disappointed. Almost all Du Fu's impromptu poems are like this. The predecessors called Du Fu's poems "gloomy", which is probably the turning point.

Four. Brief introduction of the author

Du Fu (7 12-770) was born in Xiangyang, Han nationality, and then moved to Gongxian County, Henan Province. A great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, who claimed to be a young man at night, was called "Du Li" together with Li Bai. In order to distinguish Li Shangyin, Du Mu and Xiao Du Li, Du Fu and Li Bai are also called Da Du Li, and Du Fu is often called Lao Du.

Du Fu's influence on China's classical poetry is far-reaching, and he is called "the sage of poetry" by later generations, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Later generations called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu, and also called him Du Shaoling and Du Caotang.

Du Fu wrote such famous works as Spring Hope, Northern Expedition, Three Officials and Three Farewells. In the second year of Gan Yuan (759), Du Fu abandoned his official position and went to Sichuan. Although he fled the war and lived a relatively stable life, he still cared about the whole life and the affairs of the country. Although Du Fu is a realistic poet, he also has a wild and unruly side. It is not difficult to see Du Fu's heroism and dry clouds from his masterpiece Song of Drinking Eight Immortals.

The core of Du Fu's thought is the Confucian thought of benevolent government, and he has the great wish of "making the monarch Yao and Shun superior, and then making the customs pure". Although Du Fu was not famous during his lifetime, his fame spread far and wide, which had a far-reaching impact on China literature and Japanese literature. About 65,438+0,500 poems of Du Fu have been preserved, most of which are collected by Du Gongbu.