1. Write a 700-word essay using a famous saying of Confucius or Mencius

"Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you." This sentence comes from "The Analects of Confucius·Yan Yuan" , is one of the classic sayings of Confucius and the essence of Confucian culture. China's "The Analects" is like the Western "Bible", which is a summary and guidance of a nation or a regional culture. "The Analects" is divided into twenty parts Chapters, among which "Yan Yuan Chapter" mainly talks about Confucius's explanation of "benevolence" and "forgiveness". "Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you" means: don't impose on others what you don't want. Confucius What is emphasized is that people should be forgiving and treat others, and should promote the way of "forgiveness". Only in this way can it be the expression of benevolence. The way of "forgiveness" is the negative expression of "benevolence", and its positive expression is "to establish oneself in order to establish others" "If you want to reach yourself, you will reach others." The benevolence explained by Confucius centers on "loving others", and the behavior of loving others certainly includes the aspect of forgiving and treating others. "The Analects" mentioned: The way of the Master is only loyalty and forgiveness. What this sentence reveals is an important principle in dealing with interpersonal relationships. What Confucius said means that people should treat others based on their own behavior. People should have a broad mind and never be narrow-minded when dealing with others. Instead, you should be magnanimous and forgiving towards others. If you force others to do what you don’t want, it will not only damage the relationship with others, but also make things stalemate and get out of hand. This kind of communication between people should really be adhered to. Principle, this is the embodiment of respecting others and treating others equally. In addition to paying attention to your own existence, you must also pay attention to the existence of others. People are equal. Never do to others what you do not want to do to others. The above "People" is understood in a broad sense and refers to the masses. However, the definition of "people" in the era when "The Analects" was born usually refers to the narrow sense, that is, people above scholars, which is relative to "people". "Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you" is written in front of "Going out is like seeing a distinguished guest, and treating the people as if they are receiving a great sacrifice." This is narrated in the same sentence. It is obvious that the "people" here refers to The exploited class, the working people. In today's language, "people" in the narrow sense refers to slave owners, that is, the exploiting class, and "people" refers to slaves, that is, the exploited class, so of course this sentence can be understood The interpersonal principle of "do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you" applies to the exploiting class, but the relationship between the exploiting class and the exploited class may not be the same. This understanding is not nonsense, nor is it completely impossible. However, as we all know, Confucius is a person who strongly advocates "benevolence". The "people" here should refer to the broad sense. What Confucius said is not a universal theorem. If everything starts from this principle If so, many things will be stuck in the middle and it will be difficult to move forward. If two people are facing each other with guns and their lives are at stake, A is righteous and B is evil. At this time, if A adheres to the principle of "don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you", will it? It's not tragic! Of course A doesn't want to be killed, so why not kill B who doesn't want to be killed? Any truth or law is only suitable under certain conditions and circumstances. "Do not do what you want others to do." "Do unto others" is the essence of Confucianism and a deep-rooted creed of the Chinese nation. However, in reality, many people cannot abide by the creed of "Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you." Everything is centered on personal interests and only cares about themselves. feelings, while ignoring the feelings of others. Whether dealing with interpersonal relationships or political relationships, we should not hesitate to recognize the enduring principle of interpersonal relationships: "Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you." importance. 2. Write an essay using sentences from The Analects

An Analects has more than 20,000 words, but it can be ranked among the most brilliant articles in the history of Chinese thought.

It has influenced scholars, scholars and even ordinary people in the past dynasties for more than two thousand years. The character of the Chinese people has also been silently influenced by it. The feudal dynasty collapsed, the Four Books and Five Classics could no longer be taught in classrooms, Confucianism was treated unfairly, and the Analects of Confucius, like other Confucian classics, collected dust on the bookshelves.

However, the brilliance of the Analects will not fade just because it is not understood for a while. As the essence of Chinese culture, Confucianism will inevitably revive along with the economy, and the brilliance of the Analects will inevitably be understood by more people. .

Sure enough, Professor Yu Dan visited Baijia Forum and lectured on "The Analects of Confucius", reminding the Chinese people that there is still such a classic waiting for us to read.

Chengzi, a great Confucian in the Song Dynasty, said this about his thoughts on the Analects: "Some people are completely fine with the Analects after reading it; some people are happy with one or two sentences after reading it; some people know it is good after reading it. "There are people who don't know how to dance with their hands or feet after reading it." It can be said that they are deeply interesting.

I read through the Analects of Confucius, and I often feel "feeling in my heart" and am impressed by Confucius. When reading the Analects, I thought it was necessary to bring Confucius down from the pedestal of a saint, and to imagine that I was also a disciple of Confucius, following the teacher around, listening to his words and observing his actions, would be beneficial to get the pleasure from it.

Confucius was a lovely and respectable gentleman, and my senior brothers Yan Huizi, Lu Zigong, etc. were all sharp-edged. A quick glance at Professor Yu Dan's "Experiences of the Analects of Confucius" can be divided into several aspects.

Everyone has his own Analects in his heart. When I read the Analects, I only saw the word "junzi". Yes, the Analects in my mind is a student's lecture notes. The recorded content is the teacher teaching students how to be a gentleman.

Let’s take a look at what the first lesson is about. Confucius said: "Isn't it right to learn and practice it over time? Isn't it a joy to have friends come from afar? Isn't it a gentleman if a person doesn't know something but is stunned?" Among the three points mentioned, the first is to learn the Tao to develop one's talents; The second is to make friends to support benevolence, and the third is to cultivate virtue. These three are all for the purpose of becoming a gentleman.

Confucius’s description of the gentleman is from many aspects and angles. The Analects is precisely to tell his disciples what a gentleman is, what responsibilities a gentleman has, what talents a gentleman has, and what a gentleman has. The virtues of a gentleman, how a gentleman conducts government, how he cultivates himself to become a gentleman...all these are unfolded from the word "gentleman". The Analects of Confucius should be a book for people who want to be a gentleman. Different people may see different things. These things are related to a gentleman, or they are just a part of a gentleman, just one of the spots on a leopard.

What kind of person is a gentleman in Confucius’s eyes? Let's go to the Analects. It is difficult to directly define a gentleman. A gentleman has a wide range of connotations.

Let’s talk about the responsibilities of a gentleman first. Confucius himself was a gentleman, and his ambition best demonstrated the responsibility of a gentleman.

Yan Hui and Zi Lu discussed their own ideals with Confucius. The outspoken Zi Lu said that he wanted chariots, horses, and light coats to share with friends, and it would not be a pity if they were worn out; Yan Hui said that he should not boast about his strengths and achievements; and what did Confucius say? Confucius said: "The old are at peace with it, the friends believe in it, the young are pregnant with it."

This is clearly the political ideal applied to the world. A gentleman is born in this world, "If the state has the right, he will be an official; if the state has no right, he will be involved in it." A gentleman's official position is not for his own benefit, but for the sake of the people of the world.

The saying of later generations is similar to this. A true gentleman has the world in mind. Although there are many selfish people in later generations who act selfishly in order to save the world, there are still some true gentlemen.

This article can be said to be the most fundamental test of a gentleman. If you leave it out, it is not enough. Confucius lamented many times that the world was declining and his ideals could not be realized. The helpless sadness in his tone was the sadness of a gentleman.

It is fundamental to understand the duty of a gentleman. If you want to benefit the people of the world, you must have means.

The Confucian gentleman’s methods have been well described by predecessors. The Confucian method of governing the country is based on benevolence and promotes benevolent government.

However, in the Analects, Confucius was asked many times about how to govern, and Confucius gave a different answer each time. Confucius talked about benevolence, etiquette, righteousness, filial piety, loyalty, and virtue, all of which can be used as means of governance.

Zi Lu asked about the government of Weiguo. Confucius said: "The name must also be corrected." Fundamentally speaking, it is about etiquette; "This is clearly about virtue; Ji Kangzi asked Confucius: "If there is no way to kill, how can there be a way?" Confucius said: "Zi wants to kill? Good, and the people are good.

The virtue of a gentleman is the virtue of a villain. The wind on the grass will destroy it. "

This is about benevolence and virtue; Zigong asked about politics. The Master said: "Enough food.

Foot soldiers. The people trust it. "

Only three specific standards are mentioned here. As for other disciples governing specific places to ask questions about politics, Confucius gave completely different answers.

In Confucius' own words, There is probably nothing that must be done in politics, and there is nothing that must not be done as long as it is moral.

Therefore, in summary, the Analects tells us that Confucianism is about politics. You only need to focus on a few basic principles, such as benevolence, righteousness, etiquette, etc. After knowing the responsibilities of a gentleman and how to govern, you must also improve your self-cultivation to be a gentleman.

The Analects of Confucius talks a lot about this aspect. Today's textbooks for junior high schools and high schools often start from these perspectives when introducing the Analects. "Every man cannot seize his will"; some say about the attitude towards learning, "knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, it is knowing"; some say about learning methods, "learning without thinking is a waste, thinking without learning is dangerous"; Speaking of perseverance, "My way is consistent."

There are also many sentences that inspire people to learn, "When the years are cold, you will know that after the pines and cypresses are carved," Confucius said: "A gentleman has nothing to eat and nothing to live in." "Seek peace, be quick in matters and cautious in speech, you will have the right way and be right, you can be said to be eager to learn" and so on. When reading the Analects, you will always be moved by these words. What Confucius wanted his disciples to learn is to achieve the goal of being able to govern. Standard.

Confucius believed that those who want to implement benevolent government must have benevolence themselves, and those who govern the country with virtue must establish their own virtues. Therefore, if a gentleman wants to realize his political ideals, he must first have high moral cultivation and Talents. There are also many methods. To sum up, the gentleman in Confucius's eyes values ??virtue, despises words, and is fond of learning, which is what later Confucianists said. , presumably from Confucius.

3. Write an essay quoting the Analects of Confucius, the length of which should be about 700 words.

"When three of us are walking together, there must be a teacher like me." "I am sensitive and eager to learn, and I am not ashamed to ask questions." This is the most profound thing in "The Analects of Confucius" that impressed me most. Two. The first one, then, there must be my teacher among them. The latter one tells us: be smart and study hard, and don’t be ashamed to ask for advice from people who are not as good as yourself. Although these two sentences say: Several people together came from Confucius more than 2,000 years ago, but it still has important guiding significance for our study today. People are not afraid of making mistakes, as long as they have the courage to correct them. Confucius often said frankly that he was not as good as his disciples in this or that aspect. ; When his words and deeds are inappropriate, once others point them out, he will immediately apologize and correct them. His disciple Zigong once lamented: A gentleman's mistakes are like the eclipse of the sun and the moon: everyone can see his mistakes; , everyone looks up to him.'' Confucius said: "Be tireless in learning and tireless in teaching." This means that teachers should study hard for themselves and never be satisfied; they should teach diligently and tirelessly for students. The Analects of Confucius quotes Confucius as saying: " If it’s saintliness and benevolence, how dare I do it! If I don’t get tired of doing it and teaching others, then I can say that I’m done with it.” He said, if it comes to saintliness and benevolence, then how dare I be! I just never get tired of studying and working, and I never tire of teaching students. That can be said. In "The Analects", Confucius showed a generous mind to the young people who had made mistakes. He said: "People are pure. To make progress is to keep it clean, not to keep it going." It means that if someone has removed his stains and made progress, he should be praised for his cleanliness and should not hold on to his past. I think, if Kong If the seventy-two sages and three thousand disciples of the sect are seen as saplings, then Confucius is the fertile soil. Together they have created an oasis of life. For more than two thousand years, this oasis has been in our land of China. Embellishment and decoration Confucius believed that learning must have a clear purpose, but the focus is on "application of knowledge." Confucius said: "Reciting the "Poetry" three hundred times and teaching it to govern is not achieved; it is not possible to use it in all directions; although "How can you think that there are too many?" That is to say, if he is familiar with 300 chapters of the Book of Songs, he cannot accomplish political tasks; when he is sent as an envoy to a foreign country, he cannot make independent decisions; in this way, although he can read the book There are a lot of them, so what’s the use? He also said: "If you don't cultivate virtue, if you don't learn about it, if you hear righteousness, you can't move, if you don't do good, you can't change, that's what worries me." In other words, if you don't cultivate your character, if you don't teach knowledge, you can't do what is right when you hear it. When doing things, mistakes cannot be corrected, that is, theory and practice cannot be combined. This is what we worry about. By studying "The Analects", I understand a lot of principles of life and life, and it also makes me understand the methods of learning and reading. Attitude is really beneficial.