We often say that "literature conveys the truth." As teachers, while we impart knowledge, we should also educate students' ideological and moral character, that is, "educate people." Moral education should be cleverly infiltrated into calligraphy teaching, so that students can subtly develop good "calligraphy ethics" and then form good personal qualities.
1. Moral Education Penetration of the Value of Calligraphy
Art is created by the people. It is the most popular and national character and can give us noble emotions - national pride and patriotism. Affection. This is especially true for calligraphy, which is when people use China's unique writing tool - the brush to write Chinese characters, which produces a variety of visual effects and expresses people's inner complex thoughts and emotions. As Qiu Zhenzhong said in his "Introduction to the Aesthetics of Calligraphy": The Chinese nation has chosen a unique art form - the visual form of written language, as the carrier of the national spirit. After a long period of time, this art has accumulated It has extremely rich historical content and has become one of the symbols of Chinese culture. Due to the richness of Chinese characters, they have become one of the inherent cultural and artistic forms. Only Chinese characters in our country have formed an independent art in the process of continuous evolution. Although the characters of other countries are also divided into good and bad writing, they can never become an independent art. They can Calligraphy is said to be unique to China, but it is actually a national treasure. Moreover, since the Tang Dynasty, calligraphy has spread far and wide overseas. For example, when the Japanese learn Chinese characters and calligraphy, they pay less attention to it than in our country. Nowadays, the art of calligraphy is increasingly loved by people from all over the world. This is something that makes us proud. Isn’t it the best patriotic education to let primary school students understand the meaning and status of calligraphy and generate a sense of national pride?
2. Moral education penetration of calligraphy
1. The structure of Chinese characters, which can also be said to be the frame structure, has unparalleled beauty and intriguing interest. This is what the predecessors have given The valuable experience we left behind is that primary school students mainly learn regular script. When teachers structure their teaching, they should not just focus on imparting knowledge, but should also explore the underlying moral education factors. For example: Most of the Chinese characters are combined characters, which are composed of A character composed of two or more single-style characters, thus producing many radicals (by the single standing person, by the three-point water, by the grass character, by the handle...). In fact, these radicals, They are all evolved from single-character characters. For example, Shanlirenbian changes the character "人" (人) from a horizontal stroke to a vertical painting. In this way, when combined into other combined characters, Danlirenbian as the radical takes up the second position. The important position (such as the character "Ti") stands alone on the left side next to the person, and is smaller when writing, in order to avoid the character "Ben" on the right side, so that the character "Ben" becomes the main body of the character. When students first start writing Chinese characters, I don't understand the principle of avoidance and write loosely. When we explain, we can use this "structural avoidance" to create a sense of beauty, and by extension, "avoidance and humility in life" will also produce beautiful morals), radicals and other The combinations of single characters are mostly in the form of staggered and avoidant combinations, which express the "courtesy and yielding" style of traditional Chinese aesthetics and philosophy, just like the attitude of a graceful gentleman. Another example is the word "日" in the character "明" giving way to the character "月", and conversely, the strokes of the character "月" are interspersed under the character "日"; Down by the ear, another example: when two identical single characters are combined into a combined character (Lin, Peng, Yu, Zhu, He...), such characters can be called: accompanying structure. Summarize their subordinate laws. Traditional moral values ??are concretely reflected in the structure in calligraphy. This kind of teaching not only imparts knowledge, but also permeates moral education. It also stimulates interest and is conducive to the mastery of knowledge.
2. The uniqueness of the writing brush. The ancients said: The soft brush makes it strange and vivid, which resulted in the use of center and side brushes. The center is mostly used in regular script. It is upright, rising and closing, and meticulous. Learn to use the brush in regular script. It can enable students to develop a consistent, serious and rigorous attitude, which is conducive to the cultivation of good study habits. Liu Gongquan, the great calligrapher of the Tang Dynasty, is not only famous for his calligraphy achievements through the ages, but his "pen admonishment" of "a correct heart leads to a correct pen" has also been passed down by the world. Emperor Mu Zong once asked Liu Gongquan how to write calligraphy well. Liu Gongquan replied: "Use the pen to the heart, and the heart will be straight and the pen will be correct." If the character is not high, it will not be possible to write calligraphy. Because Muzong was idle in government affairs, Liu Gongquan used letters to describe politics. On the one hand, he explained his attitude towards calligraphy creation, and on the other hand, he also cleverly used the spirit of calligraphy art to give advice. From then on, the theory of "the heart is right and the pen is right" has been passed down to later generations and has become one of the ethical standards of calligraphy. Learning regular script is suitable for cultivating students' noble qualities of serious study and upright life.
3. The writing content reflects positive moral education factors. Those beautiful words and chapters, and positive famous quotes are the objects of our writing. The teacher guides the students to complete a complete piece of calligraphy. Works should focus on selecting content suitable for students' characteristics, or organize student creations in conjunction with some major activities. For example, in the National Youth Working Committee's No Tobacco Day promotion, students were organized to write content themselves. The students wrote "Young people in their blooming years, stay away from tobacco, be morally, intellectually, and physically beautiful, and grow up healthily." Such activities not only cultivate students' calligraphy creation skills Ability, and better penetration of moral education. Teachers should be good at creating such opportunities for students so that the content of moral education can be enriched and silent.
4. The perfect combination of the layout and writing content of calligraphy works gives people a sense of beauty, thereby cultivating sentiments and purifying the soul.
When explaining the works of famous artists or introducing calligraphers, teachers should focus on discussing the subjective factors of calligraphy art with students - the calligrapher's skill, cultivation, emotion, temperament, etc., in order to cultivate the students' minds.
Yang Shoujing in the Qing Dynasty pointed out: High quality means the writing is elegant and unconventional. The different styles of different calligraphers produce many different aesthetic factors, which can make people feel vigorous or clumsy. , or flying, fluttering, or solemn and rigorous, or handsome and unrestrained, or rough and unrestrained, or sparse and ethereal, or square and strict, or honest and dignified, etc., different abstract ideas, this series of beautiful factors, through People's visual senses psychologically arouse the appreciation of the viewer, forming a strong artistic appeal, which subtly plays the role of cultivating temperament, tempering character, enlightening thinking, and cultivating sentiment.
Primary school students’ knowledge is not broad and their understanding is not very strong, so they need the active guidance of teachers to form correct and good appreciation habits. For example, when we teach Yan Ti regular script, we need to let students understand the historical background and personality charm of his calligraphy, which will help their understanding of calligraphy. Students know that Yan Zhenqing is upright and upright. He once held high the flag of righteousness and fought against the An and Shi rebels. He maintained the unity of the Tang Dynasty, was unyielding and sacrificed heroically, and his deeds were praised by future generations. Students can also look up Yan Zhenqing's diligent study stories through the Internet and books, communicate with classmates, and then appreciate Yan Zhenqing's profound and strong character. Just like the person he is, he uses the positive edge from beginning to end, and his works can give full play to the composure and perseverance of men. It is very Easy to understand and generate cries. In the end, the teachers and students discussed the meaning of "This man's loyalty comes from his nature, so his calligraphy and painting are strong and independent, do not follow the previous traces, and are majestic and majestic, just like the person he is.", which sublimated the students' ideological realm.
5. Calligraphy inscriptions contain strong traditional ideological and moral values, such as common expressions of humility: correcting, correcting, etc. The way to sign to show respect is to put the recipient's name in front or in a higher position when giving a work to others, and your own name at the back. When writing the poems of famous people, add the word "respectfully record" (for example: "respectfully record a poem by Marshal Chen Yi.") Of course, the ancients often used excessive humility and polite language when writing poems, which is no longer advisable. We are teaching In education, it is necessary to explain dialectically, so that students can inherit the excellent traditional culture and show a humble and elegant attitude. Some teachers ignore the exploration of these moral education factors, which is not advisable.
3. Moral education penetration in the learning process
Su Dongpo said: "Those who achieved great things in ancient times were not only extraordinary talents, but also perseverance." A person To achieve results in a certain major, intellectual factors and learning methods are important, but non-intellectual factors are also very important. In fact, people with average intelligence but excellent non-intellectual factors are often more successful than those who are smart but But there are far more people with poor non-intelligence factors. It can be said that it is difficult for people with poor non-intellectual factors to succeed. Learning calligraphy helps cultivate and develop non-intellectual factors.
Learning calligraphy requires concentration and meticulousness. When copying inscriptions on inscriptions, "the one who observes is more refined, the one who imitates is more valuable." Teachers should guide students to observe carefully and use the brush strokes one by one. , to the frame structure of the fonts, the positional relationship of the stipples, meticulous, and see the precise and subtle changes, which makes it gain a focused and meticulous spirit. Learning calligraphy is a long-term and continuous process. As the old saying goes: it takes a hundred days to write a word. Although learning calligraphy is not as unattainable as some people say, it is by no means easy to see results in a short time. Once you have the correct method, you must go through a long period of practice before you can gradually master the method of using the pen, so that it can be used with ease and structure. It is gradually improved through long-term practice and continuous research. Without strong perseverance and perseverance, success cannot be achieved. In other words, calligraphy learning is a way to exercise perseverance, cultivate perseverance and good study habits. In the history of the development of calligraphy in my country, there have been many art masters, such as: Wang Xizhi, Yan Zhenqing, Mi Fu, Ouyang Xun, Huai Su, Wen Zhengming..., they each have their own style. Their diligence, studious, and strong will are role models for learning. During teaching, teachers intersperse their diligent stories to inspire students, such as "Huai Su did not go downstairs for twenty years and practiced hard." "Words", "The Story of Wang Xizhi's Mochi", "Yan Zhenqing Resigned to Become a Disciple", etc. In this way, the teacher can quote from many sources during class, which avoids empty preaching in classroom teaching, brings vitality and inspires students. Of course, the teacher's eloquent talk in class comes from the teacher's careful preparation after class.
In short, for the process of primary school students learning calligraphy to become a concrete manifestation of permeable moral education, teachers need to dig deep into its many moral education factors, actively explore, and infect students in a subtle way, and ultimately achieve the goal of cultivating the spirit and tempering the character. , enlighten thinking and cultivate sentiment.