1 A gentleman is magnanimous, but a villain is always concerned. "The Analects of Confucius·Shuer"

2 Confucius said: A gentleman cherishes virtue, while a villain cherishes earth; a gentleman cherishes punishment, while a villain cherishes kindness.

3 Gentlemen are harmonious but not uniform; villains are homogeneous but not harmonious. 4 Confucius said: "A gentleman is in harmony but not in harmony; a villain is in competition but not in harmony." "The Analects of Confucius·Wei Zheng"

5 A gentleman is associated with righteousness, and a villain is associated with benefit. "The Analects of Confucius·Li Ren"

6 A gentleman is poor, but a villain is poor in abundance. "The Analects of Confucius·Wei Linggong"

7 Confucius said: "The gentleman is superior, and the villain is subordinate." "The Analects of Confucius·Xianwen"

8 The gentleman is happy with others, and the villain is inferior. Happiness differs from person to person. A gentleman is far away from him, and a villain is close to him. "Yi·Tongren·彖" 9 The friendship between gentlemen is as light as water, while the friendship between villains is as sweet as wine. ——"Zhuangzi·Shanmu" 10 A gentleman is indifferent to intimacy, but a villain is willing to give up. ——"Zhuangzi·Mountain Wood"