After the demise of the Tang Dynasty, the world fell apart. Song Taizu and Zhao Kuangyin inherited the inheritance of Chai Rong, the ancestor of the later Zhou Dynasty, and completed the general unification of Kyushu. More than 100 years after the founding of the Northern Song Dynasty, the northern nomadic people were forced to go south, and the Southern Song Dynasty was established, which lasted for more than 100 years.
By the end of the Ming dynasty, a similar situation had happened. However, Nan Ming, who fled to the south, did not last long before he declared his demise.
Then, why did the Southern Song Dynasty last for more than 100 years, but the Southern Ming Dynasty didn't last long?
First of all, the author thinks that one of the reasons is that the social environment of the Southern Song Dynasty is different from that of the Southern Ming Dynasty.
In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, social contradictions gradually accumulated, which was ignored by emperors in previous dynasties, so the peasant rebels led by Li Zicheng launched an anti-Ming war. Although we all know that it was the Qing Dynasty that ruled the Central Plains, not the Ming Dynasty, it was actually Li Zicheng from the inside who perished the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, the degree of unpopularity of Ming rulers can be seen.
On the other hand, in the Song Dynasty, although there were peasant uprisings caused by poverty, weakness and greed at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty. But on the whole, the insurgents are small and easy to recruit, and the rulers can barely stabilize the situation.
Compared with the Ming Dynasty, the prestige of the rulers of the Song Dynasty was not underestimated. Therefore, when the regime of the Southern Song Dynasty was established in the south, the people were more willing to support the royal families of Zhao and Song than to serve the people of Liao and Jin. It can be seen that in the social environment, the foundation of the Song Dynasty is more solid than that of the Ming Dynasty.
Second, in the Southern Song Dynasty, there were valiant soldiers who could turn the tide, while in the Southern Ming Dynasty, there were dim stars.
Speaking of military commanders at the turn of the Song Dynasty, I believe many people will soon think of the names of famous soldiers such as Yue Fei and Han Shizhong. When the Northern Song Dynasty perished and the newly born Southern Song regime was strangled by Jin Jun, they not only stepped forward to curb the offensive of Jin Guo, but also gave Jin Guoqiang a powerful counterattack. At the critical moment when the homeland fell and the country perished, the appearance of patriotic generals such as Yue Fei was even more fortunate in the Song Dynasty.
On the other hand, in the Ming Dynasty, after the establishment of Nanming, the new forces faced the "encirclement and suppression" of Manchu soldiers, peasant rebels, separatist regions and other forces at the same time, and Li Dingguo was probably the only one who could be called a famous soldier. Theory of ability, of course, he is far less than yue fei and Han Shizhong.
Therefore, Nanming had no military commander to rely on, and the military power was in the hands of the buffer region that listened to the command and did not listen to the propaganda, which was also an important factor in its ultimate demise.
The third reason is that the two dynasties have different forces to defend the country and resist foreign enemies.
In the Southern Song Dynasty, the remnant Song Jun still obeyed Song Gaozong to some extent, so they were willing to protect his safety and fled around with him to resist the nomads from the army.
When I arrived in Nanming, there were almost no troops directly under the emperor's command. The Ming army was either under the command of the buffer region or switched to other forces like Wu Sangui. It is difficult for the Nanming regime itself to organize a large-scale and effective army and to counterattack the enemy.
The last reason is the difference of opponents. As mentioned above, the enemy of the Southern Song Dynasty was only the State of Jin, while the enemy of Nanming came from all directions. This is not just all the differences between the two rivals.
In the sixth year of Jintianhui (1 128), Wan Yanzong was ordered by Jin Taizong to pursue Song Gaozong, the leader of the Southern Song regime, and even chose to escape into the sea after fleeing one after another. Due to the difficulties in maritime operations, Wan Yanzong Bi only plundered Lin 'an and other places, and then moved to the north.
In the Southern Ming Dynasty, the Qing soldiers quickly occupied various places after entering the customs, and at the same time forced the Han people in the occupied areas to change their thinking and lifestyle, which was more convenient for management and restraint.
Comparing what Jin people and Manchu people did to Song and Ming, we can find that Jin people just wanted to plunder, ate and drank enough, then went home and met with resistance. After the Manchus entered the Central Plains, they camped in various places and announced to the world that they would not leave.