Galileo Galilei (1564-02-15-1642-01-08). Italian mathematician, physicist, astronomer, and pioneer of the scientific revolution. Galileo invented the pendulum needle and the thermometer, made great contributions to mankind in science, and was one of the founders of modern experimental science.

Historically, he was the first to integrate mathematics, physics and astronomy based on scientific experiments, expanding, deepening and changing mankind's understanding of material movement and the universe. Galileo summarized the law of free fall, the law of inertia and Galileo's principle of relativity from experiments. This overturned many assumptions of Aristotle's physics, laid the foundation for classical mechanics, refuted Ptolemy's geocentric system, and strongly supported Copernicus' heliocentric theory.

With systematic experiments and observations, he overturned the purely speculative traditional view of nature, and created modern science with a strict logical system based on experimental facts. Therefore, he is known as the "Father of Modern Mechanics" and "The Father of Modern Science". His work laid the foundation for the establishment of Newton's theoretical system. Galileo advocated a research method that combined mathematics and experiments. This research method was the source of his great achievements in science and his most important contribution to modern science.

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Galileo’s scientific status

Galileo believed that experience is the only source of knowledge and firmly believed that the book of nature is written in mathematical language. Shape, size and speed, which are boiled down to quantitative characteristics, are the objective properties of objects. Galileo played a major role in the development of natural science in the 17th century, changing mankind's understanding of the movement of matter and the universe. In order to confirm and spread Copernicus' heliocentric theory, Galileo devoted his life. As a result, he was persecuted by the church and imprisoned for life. He created modern science with a strict logical system based on experimental facts.

Galileo's scientific discoveries occupy an extremely important position not only in the history of physics but also in the entire history of science. He not only corrected the erroneous views of Aristotle, who had ruled Europe for nearly two thousand years, but also created a new method of studying natural science. When Galileo summarized his scientific research methods, he said, "This is the first time that the door has been opened to a new method. This new method will bring a lot of wonderful results and will win the attention of many people in the coming years." .

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