Zi Han, The Analects of Confucius;

"Great Confucius! Learn without name. " The son listened and said, "What can I do?" ? Hold on, okay? How about shooting? I'm under control. "

This passage is intended to point out Confucius' reputation for indifference. However, in the face of the challenge of "erudite but not famous", is Confucius' rebuttal also suspected of seeking fame without seeking it?

Did Confucius really not seek fame?

Historical records Confucius family:

Confucius said, "Khufu Khufu, a gentleman is ill and nameless. I can't do it, why do I see myself in the future? "

Although this is not a dying sigh, it can reflect that Confucius does not value fame, and I am afraid it will be immortalized! Confucius/kloc-traveled around the world between the ages of 56 and 68 in 0/2 years, which can reflect this. Of course, it is undeniable that Confucius did realize the harm of a good reputation, but he couldn't let go of his desire for fame and didn't want to be unknown at all.

In contrast, Lao Zi and Zhuangzi are sincere. Needless to say, I was forced to stay after five thousand words. However, Zhuangzi is not very famous in the contention of a hundred schools of thought. Only Xunzi made an unfair evaluation in "On Heaven": "Zhuangzi covered the sky and didn't know people." I'm afraid it's just because Zhuangzi didn't run around like a debater except going to the Wei Dynasty and seeing Hui Shi several times. I have only been a painter, but in the eyes of the world, my status is not high and I live an ordinary life. His concern began in the Han Dynasty.

Confucius, if you think about it carefully, there is no doubt that we have given this saint many positive factors.

Confucius made great contributions to the establishment of family order and extended family order. He put forward the concept of respecting the elderly, thinking that we should respect our parents, care for the weak, and be polite to others, families and the country, so as to establish national order. Together with others, he put forward that a gentleman should strive for self-improvement, be cheerful and understand life, and be enterprising; He proposed to build a "home world" with his family. Confucius emphasized honesty, which gave birth to a scholar-bureaucrat's ambition of "worrying about the world first, and enjoying the world later". Because of his sincerity, he can feel the movement of the earth, sympathize with others and gather the soul of the nation. Confucius emphasized wisdom and advocated private school teaching, which promoted the reproduction and prosperity of culture. Confucius emphasized benevolence, and the theory of benevolence and morality was established. Generally speaking, the moral theory of a gentleman originates from this saint.

But Confucius did not build a scientific system, emphasizing one side and ignoring the other. It also supplemented Laozi's Tao, emphasizing that "the sky is natural" rather than "the sky is healthy". This middle reconciliation has become the golden mean. Coupled with the good Buddha, it formed a feudal culture for thousands of years.

From now on, Confucius' hypocrisy lies in thinking about problems from the perspective of sharing worries for the feudal ruling class, rather than standing at a higher level, that is, the people's problems. He wants to train all people to be obedient, pleasing to the eye, obedient and effective. That is to say, slave culture. At that time, China, which lasted for thousands of years, was still not rich and strong, and it was not as good as a country that had been founded for one or two hundred years. This shows that this culture is extremely weak and backward. The greatness of those new youths in the May 4th New Culture Movement is to see the nature of their disaster to the country and the people. Lu Xun thinks they are eating people, and what's more, they are subjugating the country. The performance of being poisoned by Confucius lies in the degree of ignorance and the uncreative nation. The science and technology that promoted the development of modern civilization was owned by China feudal society. After the four great inventions, were the people stupid? What kind of democratic system existed in feudal society to promote social development?

The proposition that human nature is good is also ignorant. Man is an animal, but with wisdom, he becomes the master of the world. If it is a tiger in the forest, its cubs are already very good, which is a kind of sorrow for the tiger. So do people. Without culture and the establishment of order, people will not be good. The evil of human nature is especially reflected in people with no culture, who bully the weak and fear the hard and possess kindness. The so-called monarch is often the most evil and uneducated person, especially the emperor. Now, a rude man without education is more likely to become an emperor than a scholar or soldier influenced by slave culture. This is also the case. The man who overthrew the imperial dynasty didn't know any Confucius, but when he took over the country, he saw such a good slave culture and immediately crowned Confucius as a saint. This may be an important reason for the popularity of Confucius.

What is the practical significance of Confucius culture?

Carry forward his gentleman theory? Wherever you go, you are a gentleman. Or soothe the wounds of the injured who were originally gentlemen? Or tell everyone, we should recognize what a gentleman is and make less trouble with him.

On the positive side, learning from Confucius should also get rid of its dross and take its essence, and build a new socialist culture on this basis.