On April 24th, there were few visitors to Zhan Tianyou Memorial Hall in Badaling, Beijing, which was in sharp contrast to the tourists from the nearby Great Wall.
However, Zhan Tianyou is still remembered by people in the industry in the most solemn way. On April 26th, a symposium to commemorate the 15th anniversary of Mr. Zhan Tianyou's birth was held in the Great Hall of the People. Sheng Guangzu, Minister of Railways, said at the meeting that Zhan Tianyou is "the father of Chinese railways" and "the father of modern engineering in China".
Zhan Tianyou's legendary life began as a teenager. In 1872, Zhan Tianyou, who was only 12 years old, attended the "Pre-study Class for Young Children Going Abroad" organized by the Qing government. After completing his studies in 1881, he returned to China and was sent to sail a sea boat in 1882. In 1888, he officially joined the railway industry in China. In 1892, the Luanhe River Bridge was completed, which shocked the world. From 195 to 199, the Beijing-Zhangjia Railway was completed.
In the memorial hall, a famous saying from Zhan Tianyou is placed in a conspicuous position: "China is vast in territory and abundant in resources, and it is a shame to rely on outsiders for work along the way!"
among the mountains in Badaling, a small station called Qinglong Bridge has been rarely mentioned. This small station has preserved its original appearance for a hundred years, and the railways in front of it are criss-crossed. The world-famous herringbone railway in China was born here, also by Zhan Tianyou.
"Now, cars from Beijing-Harbin Line pass here occasionally. The main purpose of this railway at present is sightseeing. " Yong Yang, a staff member of the railway station, told reporters that several white-clad EMUs pass by the station every day, whizzing along the first railway in China that was completed and put into operation by China people without using foreign funds and personnel.
The "World Museum" of old locomotives
When it comes to trains, people naturally think of locomotives. In a century's history, China railway locomotives are upgrading from generation to generation, which promotes the pace of railway construction.
On April 26th, in Shenyang Railway Exhibition Hall, the old locomotive ranked first was made in the United States in 197, when the speed was only 55 kilometers per hour. In the early development history of China railway, it is not uncommon for the great powers to carve up the rights and interests of China railway. Britain, France, Russia, the United States, Japan and other countries have plundered China's road rights and established their own spheres of influence by means of pilot projects, construction and loans.
A phenomenon brought about by this is that not only are there various railway systems in China, but also the types of rolling stock are very complicated, so it is called "World Locomotive Museum". By 1949, there were 4,69 locomotives in China, coming from more than 3 factories in 9 countries, with 198 locomotive models.
Zhou Xinrong, director of Shenyang Railway Exhibition Hall, said that after nearly 8 years of steam locomotives, the era of diesel locomotives came, and the improvement of locomotive efficiency laid the foundation for railway development. After more than 3 years of development, electric locomotives with the advantages of high power, high thermal efficiency, high speed, strong overload capacity and reliable operation have entered the historical stage of railways.
symbolically, at the two ends of the exhibition team are the oldest 197 Pole 1 steam locomotive and the most modern CRH3 motor car shell. With the development of more than a hundred years, the "old look and new look" of China railway locomotives is closely linked with the development of China railway network pattern.
railway rebirth
since 1876, the development of China railway has experienced two periods, namely, the old China period (the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China period) and the new China period.
In the 15 years from the construction of Songhu Railway in 1876 to 1981, China has built 5,181 kilometers of railways. Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, China only built more than 3 kilometers of railways every year on average.
Until the reform and opening up, the operating mileage of China Railway was only 51,7 kilometers. Generally speaking, there was only one train between two cities.
But by the end of 29, China's railway mileage reached 86, kilometers, ranking second in the world. At present, the operating mileage of the high-speed railway that has been put into operation has reached 7431 kilometers, ranking first in the world. Now China has become the country with the most complete technology, the strongest integration ability, the longest operating mileage, the highest running speed and the largest scale under construction in the world, and China has entered the era of high-speed rail.
Five years later, the national railway operation will reach 12, kilometers
On 26th, Minister of Railways Sheng Guangzu said at a symposium to commemorate the 15th anniversary of Mr. Zhan Tianyou's birth that the national railway operation mileage will increase from 91, kilometers now to about 12, kilometers by the end of the 12th Five-Year Plan. Among them, the express railway is about 45 thousand kilometers, and the railway in the western region is about 5 thousand kilometers. The double-track rate and electrification rate are above 5% and 6% respectively.
April 26th is the 15th anniversary of the birth of Zhan Tianyou, a pioneer and great patriot in modern science and technology in China. Zhan Tianyou Science and Technology Development Foundation, china civil engineering society and European and American Alumni Association jointly held a symposium to commemorate the 15th anniversary of Mr. Zhan Tianyou's birth in the Great Hall of the People.