Zhang Yiwu
①
We often compare life to competition. In the long life competition, nothing can be seen at a glance. A temporary spring breeze is nothing, and a temporary failure is nothing. When Lin Biao met with Vietnamese Defense Minister Wu Yuanjia. He told Wu Yuanjia that there was only one word for confronting the United States: patience. This word really tells a true meaning of life. The United States is so powerful that it is certainly not easy to confront it, but because it "survived", Vietnam finally won the United States. But it's easier said than done. Lin Biao himself passed the "endure" and became a successor, but in the end he didn't "endure" to live, which led to "grab the class and seize power", so there was a robbery of Wendur Khan.
②
"
Being alive is actually very important. It is common for people to go forward and retreat. The key is to be able to "endure". The so-called "forbearance" means not giving up your things easily, not leaving your position casually, and working hard step by step there. Sometimes, just like the tortoise in the tortoise-rabbit race, it may not run fast, but it can endure, but it can laugh at the end.
③
There are too many such examples. I once watched the TV broadcast of the World Table Tennis Championships held in Osaka, and saw the fierce competition between Liu of China and South Korea in the men's team competition. Liu almost always loses, but he can "narrow escape" and have the last laugh. Of course, this is only a game, but the experience of coach Cai Zhenhua next to me has made me feel more deeply. As a student, Cai Zhenhua was a table tennis player. He is famous for spinning his racket. He can spin the racket quickly in his hand so that the opponent can't know that he has two different rubber surfaces and can't catch his ball. But at that time, we were all fans of another famous Guo Yuehua. At that time, Cai Zhenhua couldn't beat Guo Yuehua. Later, ITTF restricted the spinning racket, and Cai Zhenhua retired. At that time, the brilliance of Guo Yuehua was in sharp contrast with the gloom of Cai Zhenhua. After Guo retired, he began to go into business and gradually faded out of sports, while Cai Zhenhua stayed in this line until he became the deputy director of the State Sports General Administration.
④
It is also indispensable for a scholar's career to last. I once heard a joke from a well-known old scholar, saying that among the three people he shared a room with in college, the other two were brilliant and he felt that he was far above him. But one of them was jealous of talent, who committed suicide in college because of lovelorn love, and died before the talent was displayed. The other died at the age of 50, and his talents were not fully utilized. But he is healthy and lives a long life. The old man said: there are almost no contemporaries, so students or younger generations naturally join in. As a result, a rising tide lifts all boats, and he is a master. The old man is joking, of course, but it makes sense to think about it carefully.
⑤
The same is true of writing novels. Some people's talents flash once in a while, and then disappear forever. It's hard to remember after all. I remember a novelist named Xue Yong in the early 1990s, who wrote a wonderful article about the mentality of urbanites. Unfortunately, there were not many works, and there were no more works later. Jia Pingwa and Mo Yan, however, have never stopped writing since their debut, and their works are very impressive. Not all their books are well written. I remember that Jia Pingwa was criticized for being shoddy in his early years, but now when it comes to China literature, no one can avoid them. This is easy to understand. The probability of having two famous books in ten books is always much greater than writing only two.
⑥
So we can only live in the marathon of life like Forrest Gump. The poet Rilke once said, "Persistence is everything." However, the word "ting" is not as vivid as "forbearance". In a sense, it can be said that "forbearance is everything". Of course, people actually have the right not to play or quit halfway, but as long as they choose to participate, they can't help forbearance. (The selected text has been deleted)
1
The central argument of this paper is:, and the main argumentation methods adopted are:. (2 points)
2
from the very first
①
Extract a sentence about dialectical philosophy of life. (2 points)
three
Put the first
②
How about replacing the "tortoise and rabbit race" in the paragraph with "waiting for the rabbit"? Please briefly explain the reasons. (3 points)
four
first
③
The function of paragraph underlined sentences in the hierarchy is. (2 points)
five
Write a reasonable argument for this article with your usual accumulated famous aphorisms. (2 points)
six
Put the first
⑥
Can you delete the last sentence in the paragraph? Why? (4 points)
seven
In your own words, extract your understanding of "forbearance" from the examples listed in the article. (3 points)
Answer:
1
Boiling is all examples.
2
In the long life competition, nothing can be seen at a glance. A temporary spring breeze is nothing, and a temporary failure is nothing.
three
Example: Not good. Because the "tortoise" in the "tortoise-rabbit race" runs slowly, but the goal is clear and persistent, which proves the central argument well; Although the "Song people (farmers)" in Waiting for the Rabbit also insisted, they were whimsical and took pains to stick to it, which was inconsistent with the central argument. (reasonable)
four
Connecting the preceding with the following (transition). (2 points)
five
Just answer the famous aphorisms that are basically consistent with the central argument.
six
It is not good to get rid of it, because "of course, people actually have the right not to play or quit halfway", which gives more choices for life competition and makes the argument more rigorous. At the same time, "but as long as you choose to participate, you can't help but live", further emphasizing the central argument: "boiling is everything." If removed, the discussion is not rigorous enough, and the central argument is too one-sided and too absolute. (meaning close)
seven
Example: forbearance means having a dream, being healthy physically and mentally, being down-to-earth, working hard ... and persisting! (meaning close.