Once upon a time, the old fisherman fished alone in a small boat. He fished for 84 days, but he didn't catch any fish. Originally, a boy named Manorine accompanied him all the time, but after a long time, Manorine's parents thought the old man was unlucky and ordered his children to take another boat to sea. Sure enough, they caught three good fish in the first week. Every time the child sees the old man go home by boat every day, he feels very uncomfortable and always helps him with his things.
Santiago is thin and haggard, with wrinkles on the back of his neck and zits on his face, but his eyes are as blue as the sea, without a trace of melancholy. He and his children have forgotten each other. The old man taught his children to fish because the children loved him very much. Many fishermen in the village make fun of the old man because he can't catch fish, but in Manorine's eyes, the old man is the best fisherman. They fish not only to make money, but as a hobby. The children prepared meals for the old man and commented on the baseball game with him. The old man especially worships baseball player DiMaggio. He is the son of a fisherman. Although he has a bone spur in his heel, he is full of energy when playing ball. The old man thinks he is old and his physical strength is not as good as his prime, but he knows a lot of fishing tricks and is determined, so he is still a good fisherman.
The day after the old man and the children met, that is, in the early morning of the 85th day, they went out to sea together. After waking up in the middle of the night, he stepped on the moonlight to wake up the child. They took two boats separately and sailed for the sea area of their choice after leaving the port.
The old man has put down the bait before dawn. The belly of the bait is wrapped in the handle of the hook, and the protruding part of the hook is wrapped with fresh sardines. The bait is delicious and fragrant.
While Santiago was staring at the fishing line, he saw a green pole sticking out of the water and soon attached to it. He gently pinched the fishing line with the thumb and forefinger of his right hand. Then the fishing line moved again, but the tension was not strong. The old man knew that a marlin was eating sardines caught by a fish at a depth of one hundred fathoms. He felt a slight pull on the bottom and was very happy. After a while, he felt something hard and heavy, and he decided that it was a big fish. This aroused his determination to challenge it.
The old man let go of the fishing line first, then shouted and tried his best to take it in, but the fish refused to give in easily. It didn't swim up an inch, but swam slowly. The old man carried the fishing line on his back to increase the tension on the marlin, but it didn't do much. He watched the ship drift northwest. The old man thought that the fish would die soon if he pushed too hard, but four hours later, the fish dragged the boat to the vast sea, and the old man still carried the fishing line on his back without any slack. They are fighting.
At this time, the old man looked back and saw that the land had disappeared from his sight. The sun sets in the west and the sky is full of stars. According to the observation of the stars, the old man judged that the big fish had not changed direction all night. It was very cold at night, and the old man's sweat dried up. He felt cold all over. He put a sack under the fishing line on his shoulder to reduce friction, and then bent down and leaned against the bow. He felt much more comfortable. In order to persist, he kept talking to fish, birds and the sea, constantly recalling the past and thinking about Manorine. He said to himself loudly, "if only the child were here, so that he could help me and look at all this."
It was very cold the day before dawn, and the old man leaned against the wood to keep warm. I can keep it as long as it wants. He said loudly in a gentle tone, "Fish, as long as I don't die, I will fight you to the end." After the sun rose, the old man found that the fish was not tired, but the inclination of the fishing line indicated that the fish might jump, which was exactly what he wanted. He said, "Fish, I love you and respect you very much. But I must kill you before dark today. " The fish began to get restless, and suddenly it rocked the boat. The old man touched the fishing line with his right hand and found that his hand was bleeding. After a while, his left hand began to twitch again, but he tried his best to stick to it. He ate several pieces of tuna meat to strengthen his strength against big fish.
Just then, the fishing line slowly rose and the big fish finally surfaced. In the sun, it is bright and dazzling. It is 18 feet long, which is bigger than his boat. Its beak looks like a softball bat and is as sharp as a slender sword. After its sickle-shaped tail entered the water, the fishing line dropped rapidly.
The old man and the big fish kept at loggerheads until sunset, playing for two days and one night. The old man can't help recalling the experience of playing with a wrench with a black man in Casablanca when he was young. They put their elbows on the table with chalk lines drawn, their forearms straight and their hands clenched, so they embraced each other for a day and a night. After eight hours, there will be another referee every four hours, and they will take turns sleeping. He and the black people are bleeding under their fingernails. The fisherman who gambled on black people drank rum and tried to hold his hand down nearly three inches, but Santiago pulled his hand back to its original position and tried to pull it down at dawn the next day. Since then, he has become a "champion" in people's minds.
The protracted war between the old man and the big fish lasted from night to dawn. The big fish jumped twelve times and began to circle around the boat. The old man was dizzy and saw the black spot shaking in front of him, but he still clung to the fishing line tightly. When the fish swam to him, he put down the fishing line, stepped under his feet, then held the harpoon high and plunged into the fish. The big fish jumped up, fully demonstrated its beauty and strength, and then fell into the water with a bang, splashing all over the old man and wetting the whole boat.
The fish turned upside down, its silver belly was up, and the blood from its heart was red with blue water. The old man tied the big fish to the side of the ship and successfully returned home. But after more than an hour, the shark smelled the blood of the big fish and followed it to grab the fish. The old man saw the blue back of the first shark that swam over. He prepared the harpoon and killed the first shark. A few hours later, two sharks approached the stern and bit the big fish's tail. The old man tied a knife to the paddle and killed two invading sharks, but in the subsequent struggle, the knife broke and he used a short stick. However, sharks swarmed in the middle of the night, and he was unable to cope, but he insisted on fighting and even broke the rudder. Finally, the shark ate up the old man's hard work for two days, leaving only the fish head and tail. ...
The boat sailed into the hillock and the old man returned to the shack. After dawn, people saw the huge white fish spine by the boat, and everyone was amazed at the old man Santiago.
The next morning, the child came to visit the old man, so tired that he couldn't sleep and couldn't help crying. When the old man woke up, the child brought him a steaming cup of coffee. The two agreed to go fishing together in a few days, and the child said that there was still a lot to learn. After the child left, the old man fell asleep and dreamed of lions in Africa. ...
This book tells the story of an old fisherman named Santiago in Cuba. He went fishing alone and caught a huge marlin after 84 days of nothing. This is a big fish that the old man has never seen or heard of. It is two feet longer than his boat. The fish was so strong that he dragged the boat for two whole days and nights. During these two days and nights, the old man experienced a difficult test that he had never experienced before, and finally stabbed the big fish to death and tied it to the bow. However, at this time, he met a shark, and the old man fought with the shark to the death. As a result, the marlin was eaten up by sharks, and the old man finally dragged home with only a bare fish skeleton and a whole body of injuries.
[Edit this paragraph] Author introduction
196 1 On July 2, 2008, Hemingway, a world-renowned literary world, ended his life with his shotgun. The whole world was shocked by this, and people lamented the tragedy of this giant. The American people mourn the death of this important American writer.
Ernest miller hemingway (1899— 196 1 year) is an American novelist. On July 2 1899, Hemingway was born into a family of doctors in Oak Park, a suburb of Chicago, Illinois, USA. His father loved hunting, fishing and other outdoor activities, and his mother loved literature, which had a great influence on Hemingway's later life and creation. After graduating from high school, Hemingway worked as an intern reporter for six months in the Kansas Star in the southwestern United States. This newspaper requires concise and vivid news reports. Hemingway was well trained in the Star.
After Hemingway recovered, he lived in Paris as a reporter for Toronto Star. He is interested in writing, writing novels while working as a reporter. His creation was encouraged and guided by famous novelists at that time. In the past 10 years, he has published many works, the most famous of which is The Sun Also Rises. The Sun Also Rises is Hemingway's first important novel. It is about a group of young Americans who live in France like Hemingway. After World War I, they lost their way forward. The war has caused them great physical and mental harm, and they are very empty, distressed and depressed. They want to do something, but the war makes them confused and the cheating society makes them very disgusted. They can only live in ruins, and American writer Stan called them "the lost generation". This novel is a true portrayal of Hemingway's own life path and world view. Hemingway and a literary school he represents are also called "the lost generation".
After the outbreak of World War I, Hemingway joined the American Red Cross Battlefield Service Team and joined the Italian battlefield with a keen desire to experience the war for himself.
After the war, Hemingway was awarded the Cross Military Medal, Silver Medal and Courage Medal by the Italian government, and was awarded the rank of captain. Along with the honor came 237 scars on his body (shrapnel embedded in his body) and the demonic war memories he could not get rid of.
From 65438 to 0929, Hemingway's novels The Sun Also Rises and A Farewell to Arms are the best works of the "Lost Generation" literature. Henry, the hero of the novel, is an American youth. He volunteered to fight in Italy. During his injury, he fell in love with Catherine, an English female nurse. Henry worked hard, but in a retreat, he was mistaken for a German spy and almost shot. He had to jump into the river to escape and decided to leave the war. Henry and Catherine fled to neutral Switzerland in order to avoid the pursuit of the military and police. There, they live a happy and quiet life. But soon, Catherine died in childbirth and the baby suffocated. Henry is the only one left in the world. He was heartbroken and wanted to cry. The novel describes the love between Henry and Catherine under the background of the war, and profoundly points out that their happiness and love were pushed to the abyss of destruction by the war.
From 65438 to 0928, Hemingway left Paris and lived in Florida and Cuba in the United States, leading a quiet pastoral life. He often goes hunting, fishing and watching bullfights. But not long after, World War II broke out, and Hemingway could no longer live a quiet life. From 1937 to 1938, he went to the front of the Spanish civil war as a war correspondent. During World War II, he joined the army as a reporter and took part in the battle to liberate Paris.
194 1 After the Pacific War broke out at the end of the year, Hemingway immediately converted his yacht into a patrol boat to spy on the actions of German submarines and provide information for destroying the enemy. 1944, Hemingway accompanied the US military to Europe for an interview. He was seriously injured in a plane crash, but after he recovered, he went deep into the enemy lines to interview. After World War II, he won a bronze medal.
1940, Hemingway published an anti-fascist novel for whom the bell tolls, with the background of the Spanish civil war. The work describes the hero, American youth J?tunheimr, who voluntarily participated in the Spanish people's anti-fascist struggle and was ordered to blow up a strategic bridge at a specified time with the cooperation of a mountain guerrilla. J?tunheimr blew up the bridge and attacked the enemy alone with serious injuries, waiting for him to die. J?tunheimr has a high sense of justice and responsibility, and he is honored and proud that he can devote himself to the anti-fascist struggle. This work is one of the most thoughtful works in Hemingway's mid-term creation. To a certain extent, it overcame and got rid of the feelings of loneliness, confusion and crying, made individuals integrate into society, and showed the lofty spirit of dedication to the just cause.
1952, Hemingway published a novella "The Old Man and the Sea": Santiago, an old fisherman, didn't catch a fish at sea for 84 consecutive days. At first, a boy named Manorine went to sea with him, but after 40 days without catching any fish, the child was arranged by his parents to another boat because they thought it would be unlucky for the child to follow the old man. On the 85th day, the old man rowed the boat away early in the morning. Unexpectedly, he caught a marlin bigger than a boat. The old man struggled with the fish for two days and finally got it. However, the injured fish left a foul smell on the sea surface, which attracted countless sharks to compete for it. The old man struggled with the shark, but when he returned to the port, the marlin had only a huge skeleton left, and the old man fell to the ground exhausted. The child came to see the old man. He doesn't think Santiago has been defeated. That afternoon, San Diego fell asleep in his cabin. He saw a lion in his dream. "A person is not born to be defeated. You can destroy him as much as you can, but you can't beat him. " This is Santiago's life belief and the idea that the author wants to express in The Old Man and the Sea. Through the image of Santiago, the author enthusiastically praised the indestructible spiritual strength of human beings in the face of difficulties and hardships. The child is ready to go out to sea with the old man again. He must learn all the "skills" of the old man, which symbolizes that the "invincible" spirit of mankind will be passed down from generation to generation.
Santiago is the symbol of the perfect man that Hemingway admired: strong, generous, kind and full of love. Even if he fails in the arena of life, he is still a spiritual strong man and a "tough guy" in the face of irreversible fate. "Tough guy" is a common theme in Hemingway's works and a common figure in his works. They are still strong and unyielding in the face of great external pressure and bad luck, and even die. Although they failed, they maintained human dignity and courage and had the demeanor of winners.
Hemingway worked hard all his life. The first thing I do when I get up in the morning is to write. When he writes, there is another habit that ordinary people don't have, that is, standing to write. He said, "I write standing. I stand on one foot." I take this posture, which makes me nervous and forces me to express my thoughts as briefly as possible. "
In 1930s and 1940s, he created an image of an anti-fascist fighter who got rid of confusion and pessimism, fought bravely for the people's interests and died fearlessly, as well as the novel For whom the bell tolls. In 1950s, Santiago was portrayed as a "tough guy" (masterpiece The Old Man and the Sea 1950), which could destroy him, but could not defeat him. Hemingway is the spiritual monument of the American nation.
The 1920s was the early period of Hemingway's literary creation. He wrote In Our Time, Spring Tide, A Man Without Women, and novels The Sun Also Rises, A Farewell to Arms, etc. During this period, just as the western world behind the social collapse degenerated into the wasteland as Eliot saw, the novel The Sun Also Rises tells the life scenes of a group of young people living in postwar Europe and the profound changes in their spiritual world. Jack Barnes, the hero of the novel, is an American journalist, and the war destroyed his sexual ability. He fell in love with an English nurse, Brett Ashley, and she fell in love with him, but they couldn't be together.
Robert Cohen, an American writer, has many false and romantic fantasies about life. He also falls in love with Brett, but she doesn't like him. This group of young people, after vicissitudes of life, roamed the European continent after the war, doing nothing all day, drinking, quarreling or fighting. The war took away their loved ones and left them with physical and mental wounds. They are extremely disgusted with war, have doubts about justice and traditional values, and are bored, confused and depressed about life. The novel condemns the war from a unique angle and is anti-war. This novel has become a masterpiece of the "lost generation" literary school because it describes the confusion of a generation.
A Farewell to Arms is Hemingway's masterpiece. Taking the anti-imperialist war as the theme, he revealed the historical reasons for the emergence of the "lost generation" and accused the war of destroying people's ideals and happiness, hurting people's hearts and ruining millions of innocent lives. This work reveals the basic characteristics of Hemingway's prose style and "modern narrative art". The plot of the work is simple and pure, the language is unpretentious, the sentences are short and concise, and the environmental description realizes the blending of scenes.
In the 1940s, according to his experiences and impressions in Africa, he wrote Green Hills in Africa, Snow in Kilimanjaro, and published The Short Happiness of Francis Ma Bei. 1932 The publication of Death in the Afternoon praised the famous saying of American architect Rodwig that "less is better", which made the works more refined, shortened the distance between the works and the readers, and put forward the "iceberg principle", which only expressed one-eighth of things, making the works full, implicit and intriguing.
After World War II, Hemingway's creation entered the later period. His masterpiece The Old Man and the Sea won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954 for its courage in "the real world full of violence and death". The reason for winning the prize is: "because he is proficient in narrative art, which is prominently reflected in his new work The Old Man and the Sea, and also because of his influence on contemporary style." Hemingway is worthy of this praise. Hemingway's life-long creation left a glorious page in the history of modern literature. He used his own experience to expose the hypocrisy of the authorities and the cruelty of reality, portrayed the confusion of the younger generation in the United States, and his works were full of love for the working people, which made realism gain new glory in the open and inclusive exploration of artistic creation!
After winning the prize, Hemingway suffered from many diseases, which brought great pain to his body and mind. He failed to create more influential works, which made him depressed, formed a negative and pessimistic mood, and finally committed suicide to free himself. This is also a pursuit of Hemingway's "tenacious spirit".
[Edit this paragraph] Writing background
The Old Man and the Sea is about the fishing experience of the old fisherman Santiago. It describes the old man fighting the shark on his way home after subduing the big fish. However, the images in the works have strong symbolic significance. He used marlin to symbolize the ideal of life, sharks to symbolize his tragic fate, and the sea to symbolize the changing human society. The lion is a symbol of courage and strength, and Santiago is a symbol of courage and strength among human beings.
The novel The Old Man and the Sea is based on a true story. After World War II, Hemingway moved to Cuba and met the old fisherman gregorio? Fuentes. 1930, Hemingway was killed in a storm, and fuentes rescued Hemingway. From then on, Hemingway and fuentes forged a deep friendship and often went fishing together.
1936, fuentes caught a big fish far from the sea, but because it was too big, it dragged on the sea for a long time, and as a result, it was attacked by a shark on the way home, leaving only a skeleton when it came back. Hemingway published a newsletter in "Master" magazine, "On the Blue Sea", which reported the incident. At that time, this incident touched Hemingway greatly. He realized that it was a good novel material, but he never had a chance to write it.
1950 Shortly after Christmas, Hemingway had a strong desire to create. In the villa "Viewing Society" on the outskirts of Havana, Cuba, I began to write "The Old Man and the Sea" (formerly known as "The Existing Sea"). The first draft was completed on February 23rd, 195 1 year, and it only took eight weeks before and after. Hemingway sent the manuscript to a friend who visited Cuba in April, and it was well received. Hemingway himself thinks this is the best work he can write in his life! "
[Edit this paragraph] Wonderful sentence
1. Every day is a new day. Good luck, of course. But I want to do it exactly. In this way, when luck comes, you will be prepared.
But then again, nothing is easy.
3. "But people are not born to fail," he said. "A man can be destroyed, but he cannot be defeated."
Clouds over the land stand like hills at this time, leaving only a long green line on the coast, followed by some gray-blue hills. The sea is blue now, almost purple.
Now is not the time to think about what is missing, but what you can do with what you have.
6. It is foolish to have no hope.
7. But these scars are not new. They are as old as eroded places in the desert, where there are no fish to play. Everything about him looks old, except his eyes, which are as blue as the sea and happy.
8. These two shoulders are quite strange. People are very old, but their shoulders are still strong and their necks are still strong. Moreover, when the old man is asleep and his head hangs forward, the wrinkles are not obvious.
I don't know how many times his shirt has been mended to make it look like his sail. These spots are dyed in many different colors by the sun.
[Edit this paragraph] Related comments
The expression of invincible tough guy spirit in the history of literature
Really good works are all about life experience.
Only the victory of the spirit can make us moved and shed tears for its tragic.
One of the hundred classics that have influenced history.
One of the 32 landmark books in American history.
1954 Nobel Prize in Literature.
1986 ideal books recommended by French reading magazines
1952, Hemingway published his best work The Old Man and the Sea. This is a treasure in the treasure house of world literature, and it is also a treasure in all Hemingway's creations.
The Old Man and the Sea is an idyllic poem. The sea is the sea, not Byronic or Melville, just like Homer's. The writing is calm and moving, just like Homer's poem. A real artist is neither symbolic nor allegorical-Hemingway is a real artist-but any real work of art can exude symbolic and allegorical significance, and so can this short but not insignificant masterpiece.
-Behrensen, American art historian
Hemingway had a strong desire. He tried to impose his views on things on us, so as to shape the image of a tough guy ... When he longed for victory in his dream, there would be a complete victory, a great battle and a happy ending.
-American writer Saul Bellow
Man can fail, but he can't be defeated. The external body can be tortured, but the internal will is sacred and inviolable. This is an argument repeatedly emphasized in The Old Man and the Sea. Real masters express the deepest truth in the simplest language, and real good works are based on the experience of life. "The Old Man and the Sea" depicts the best portrait of Hemingway's life. As Hemingway said, "I have read it more than 200 times, and every time I read it, I get more, as if my life's efforts have finally got what I want."
-Chen Renxiao, a scholar in Taiwan Province Province
Hemingway's works unify the accuracy and conciseness of narration, but the theme is deeply imprinted in the reader's mind. The Old Man and the Sea is the most widely read Nobel Prize in Literature's award-winning work among China readers, and it is also Hemingway's classic.
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