1, the basic essentials: grasp the whole, grasp the key sentences, and find the answers in the text. 2. Steps: (Read the article twice)

The first time: read the whole article and get a general understanding. Read the whole article roughly first, and get a general idea of it. When reading, underline the words and sentences that you feel are important; [Can be faster]

The second time: review the meaning of the question and read back the original text. Read the questions once to determine the reading range and answer the questions, and then find the relevant paragraphs and sentences to intercept keywords in combination with the questions (Shun Teng); Find out or summarize the answer (picking melons). [Slow down, be careful, read it again and check it]

Finally, make clear the main points and answer the questions carefully. According to the requirements of answering questions, process, transform and summarize. Try to answer the questions with the key words in the original text. ) Three steps to answer modern Chinese reading questions in detail.

The first step is to read the whole article and get a general understanding.

The first time, read the full text roughly, get a general idea of the article, and be aware of it. So what should we know about this article?

1, understand the general content of the article. Who is it? What's the matter? What scene? What is this? What topic? How to write? Why do you want to write like this? what do you think? 2. Understand the general structure and main ideas of the article. What are the basic elements of the article narrative (who, what, when and where)? What is the author's emotional change? What is the material? What's the arrangement? How did the article transition? Find clues, sequences, levels, etc. 3. Understand the thoughts, feelings and main idea of the article.

Note: The above objectives can be achieved in the following ways:

First, grasp the key words and phrases in the article. Key words in the article: title, opening sentence, closing sentence, independent paragraph sentence, central sentence, epigram, metaphor sentence, continuous sentence, turning sentence, lyric sentence, argument sentence, recurring words, key related words (such as words at the beginning of a paragraph: not only ... but also ... because of this), etc. Special attention should be paid to those words that reflect the author's position and viewpoint, reflect the profound content, rich connotation and vivid image of the article. Note that the main idea of the article is often hidden in these sentences. Some essays are rather obscure by expressing their ambitions and symbols, and we can also find clues from these words.

Second, clarify the structure of the article.

It is easier to grasp the ideological content of the article from the structural form, that is to say, it is easier to understand the central idea of the article if the structural level is clear. From this perspective, clarifying the structure is the basis of narrative reading.

A clear understanding of narrative structure can be carried out from the following aspects.

Find clues to the article. The clue forms of narrative are: taking time and space transfer as the clue, taking a person, an event and an event as the clue.

When reading an article, try to find out the clues of the article, and follow the clues to understand the hierarchical structure of the paragraph.

(2) Clear the order of articles. The order of narration requires us to master three sequential methods: direct narration, flashback and insertion.

Sequential narration refers to writing according to the time sequence of events' occurrence, development and ending, such as The Emperor's New Clothes. Flashback refers to writing the things in front and the things in the back, and then writing the things in front. Interpolation, such as antelope carving.

When reading, paying attention to the starting and ending points of flashback and interpolation is helpful to find narrative clues and grasp the structure of the article.

(3) Clarify the level of the article. Clarifying the level of the article is an important part of clarifying the structure of the article.

(4) Grasp the details of the article. When selecting and using materials, the article should be primary and secondary, and there should be a detailed plan.

The second step is to review the questions and read back the original text.

After grasping the article as a whole, we will read the stem carefully, find out the points of each question, read back the original text and correspond the stem with the article. What are the methods and steps to read back the original text?

1. Find the relevant area of the corresponding topic in the original text. See which paragraphs or fields the topic involves and which sentences are related to it. 2. Contact the context and grasp the key words. As long as we find out the relevant fields in the original text and carefully ponder the context, we can accurately grasp the key words, and the answers to most questions can be found in the original text. 3. Analyze and synthesize, and pick melons in a proper way. Combine the test questions (in an appropriate way)

The third step is to clarify the main points and answer the questions carefully.

1. Quote the original text. If you need to quote the original text, find the answer directly and write it down carefully.

2. Grasp the corresponding keywords. If you don't explicitly ask to quote the original answer, you can't copy the original sentence mechanically. Generally speaking, some key words and sentences involved in the answer are in the original text, so we should grasp these important words and phrases and extract, edit, summarize, reorganize and summarize them effectively.

3. Organize language answers. Answer several key points according to the score before answering. When answering, stick to the meaning of the question, try to include the corresponding key words in the article, choose the appropriate sentence pattern, choose the appropriate angle to answer, that is, how to ask and how to answer, and rearrange the known information in the article according to the requirements of the stem of the question to make the answer full, in place, accurate and orderly. However, there are still some questions that cannot be answered simply by reorganizing the language of the article.

4. There are some questions in the form of multiple-choice questions. It is necessary to understand the rules for setting the wrong options for such questions (such as taking them out of context, stealing concepts, unclear scope, fabricating them out of thin air, imposing cause and effect, and mistaking them before they happen), and make a one-on-one comparison between the options and the relevant sentences in the original text to make an accurate judgment and choice.

The answer mode of modern Chinese reading questions

First, the general topic:

(1) Summarize the content of the article: according to the basic elements of narration (behavior and experience) or the plot of the novel or the words and deeds of the characters or the emotional changes of the author, select materials and combine the answers.

Example:

Please take Dani's speech and behavior development as a clue to summarize the main plot of the novel. (No more than 80 words) (5 points)

Please sum up my strange experience. (No more than 60 words)

The general operation idea is:

1. Summarize according to the central sentence. The concreteness of an article is usually described, discussed or explained around a certain center. So if you grasp the central sentence, you grasp the specific theme.

2. Summarize the key words by refining the key points. In some articles, it is difficult to find the central sentence that prompts the specific content, so it is necessary to extract the relevant points.

3. Summarize by identifying the correlation. The specific content of any article is a whole composed of parts. Starting with the relationship between parts, that is, identifying the relevance between sentences or paragraphs, is an important way of induction and summary. For example, Zhu Ziqing's Spring has 65,438+00 natural paragraphs, except ① ② The natural paragraph is The Desire of Spring, ②. 3 Spring grass, spring flowers, spring breeze, spring rain and Spring Festival are all written in the natural section, and they are all written in the natural section. It is not difficult to find that the author's description of spring is all-round, so we can summarize the contents of paragraphs 3 to 6 as "painting spring"

4. Take the lead in summing up. Taking the lead is to grasp the beginning of specific content; The end is the end of connecting specific content. By taking the lead in summing up, the essence of its content is revealed. Please see paragraph 10 of Wei Wei's My Teacher. To summarize the content of this paragraph, you can link the first sentence with the last sentence and then summarize its content. The essence of its content is that the loving, great and just teacher Cai occupied it at that time.

If you ask the general idea of a paragraph: find the central sentence and pay attention to the first and last sentences of the paragraph. Summarize the meaning of the paragraph (if there is no central sentence): this paragraph (generally or specifically) is written as "who-what" (or "what-how")

(2) The method of summarizing the central meaning 1 and the central meaning.

(1) Grasp the topic. Topic is the "eye" of the article, and the topic of the article can always convey the theme of the article explicitly or implicitly. Praise of poplar

(2) Grasp the materials in the text and directly tell the readers the central meaning of the sentence, such as "one side"

(3) Grasp the topic sentences and key sentences that indicate the central meaning in the first and second paragraphs of the article, which are generally lyrical and argumentative sentences, such as "Who is the cutest person" and "Pear blossoms by post".

(4) Summarize the central idea through structural analysis, connect the main ideas of all parts of the article, make a comprehensive summary, and then point out the thoughts, feelings and attitudes expressed by the author. Like litchi honey.

5] Starting from the background of the times, good articles are branded with the times and the author's writing background is analyzed, such as Kite.

2. The center of the summary narrative has a general format:

This paper tells the story (deeds, process, events, scenery) of ..., expresses (reflects, praises, exposes and criticizes) the thoughts (personality, spirit and essence) ..., and expresses the author's views on ....

(C) the structure of the article

1, ask the structure of the article and paragraph:

Pay attention to the total score formula (a total score, b total score, c total score); Step by step; Parallel type; Contrast.

2. Seek clues to the article: pay attention to the words that appear many times in the article.

3. Ask the order of the articles. (1) The sequence of narration requires us to master three sequential methods: direct narration, flashback and interpolation.

Sequential narration refers to the time sequence of events' occurrence, development and end. Such as the emperor's new clothes. Flashback means that when narrating, what happened later is written in front and what happened first is written behind. The flashback method tells the end of the event first, attracting readers to be eager to understand the cause and process of the event, and the contrast is more obvious and impressive. For example, Zhu De's (recalling my mother). Memories of my mother are very natural and attractive. Flashback method is suitable for those touching and distinctive endings, which must arouse readers' interest and depend on the thinking of reading and writing. Interpolation: For example, the woodcarving of antelope.

When reading, paying attention to the starting and ending points of flashback and interpolation is helpful to find narrative clues and grasp the structure of the article.

(2) Interpretation order:

Time sequence, spatial order, logical sequence (phenomenon-essence, cause-result, whole-part, generalization-concreteness, feature-use, subject-times, total points).

4 ask the level of the article. Analysis of the structure level, there are generally the following methods:

Articles focusing on writing: 1. Analyze according to the time when things happen and develop; 2. Make change analysis according to the place where things happen and develop;

3. Analyze according to the development stage.

Focus on writing people's articles: 1 According to the analysis of personality growth stage; 2. Analyze the characters according to their different places;

3. According to the different personality characteristics of people with different conditions; 4. Analyze according to the change of characters' feelings.

Scenery-oriented articles: 1. According to the characters, the changes of the observation points of the scenery are observed, that is, the spatial change analysis;

2. According to the changes of different scenes at different times, that is, time change analysis.

5. Ask for the details of the article. When choosing and using materials, the narrative should have main points and details. Detailed description refers to the treatment of materials. When writing an article, we should choose the composition materials around the central idea of determining the topic, and then carefully deal with these materials to make them fit in and make the best use of them. Whether the article is written well or not depends largely on the arrangement of material handling. The materials are handled properly.

Materials written in detail and fully used must closely follow the central idea of the article in order to clearly and fully highlight the central idea. If these materials are written in detail, concretely and vividly, readers will be deeply impressed by the article. When reading the narrative, we must understand the content of the article in detail and briefly, understand the author's writing intention, and grasp the focus and center of the article.

Second, understand and taste words and phrases.

1. Pronunciation and explanation questions: "Accumulation and application" generally examines the phonetic notation and interpretation of words, and the memory of idioms and famous sayings. This kind of questions need to accumulate more words and little knowledge at ordinary times, and unfamiliar words can be analyzed in combination with the context.

2. Ask what the demonstrative pronoun "this, that" refers to: find the answer from the words before the pronoun.

3, you can get rid of a question, or change to another question solving mode:

A. answer yes or no; Not ordinary, especially in the original text of the book.

B, explain the meaning of words, compare the differences between two words, and analyze why words should be used in combination with sentences (emphasize or limit the specific expression effect+or modification of sentences, which expression effect is better and can express something more vividly or appropriately)

C. What changes have taken place in the context after not using or changing (not using can not reflect the accuracy, rigor, vividness and vividness of the language, or it is inconsistent with the facts or too absolute, but using can reflect the accuracy, vividness, vividness or rigor of the language. )

4. Tasting words:

A, analyze what rhetorical devices are used, such as metaphor and personification. If not, don't write this.

B, ideographic (superficial meaning) and expressive effect (vividly writing characteristics)

C, deep meaning (related to context, theme, the author's intention, what are the reasons, ideas, feelings, etc. ) affirmation/praise/praise/criticism/irony/denial/refutation, or the impression, enlightenment, truth, etc.

5. Ask if the key words and sentences in the text can be changed:

Can you?

B, words: explain two words respectively, sentences: briefly summarize the contents of these two paragraphs or two parts

C. Words: Why are they arranged in this order (emphasize that one of them is consistent with the previous order or conforms to the collocation habit and internal order)

Sentence: point out the relationship between these two sentences, so they cannot be interchanged (if it is explanatory text, it depends on the chronological order or spatial order or logical order; If it is other styles, it is parallel or layered or total score)

Third, understand and taste sentence paragraphs 1, and understand the functions of sentences and paragraphs:

(Considering from three aspects)

First, from the structural point of view, it often plays the role of A connecting the preceding with the following, transition, B quoting the full text, opening the following or C summarizing the above;

Secondly, from the writing technique, there are often some characteristics, such as A's opening, B's paving for the following, C's paving, D's deepening center, E's prominent theme (the finishing touch) F, setting off G, rendering H's echo, taking care of the contrast between I and J, symbolizing K's first suppression and then promotion, and L's predictive function.

Third, from the content (symbolic meaning, figurative meaning, the ideological character of the characters, and the ideological significance of the full text)

2. Talking about writing skills and functions

① Environmental description: the function of social environmental description: to explain the background of the times, social customs, ideas and the relationship between people.

Natural environment (including location, season, climate, time, scenery and scene) functions: explain the background of the times, render the atmosphere, show the character's personality, set off the mood, promote the plot development and deepen the theme.

② Character description: (language, action, appearance, expression, psychology) shows some thoughts, feelings or personality characteristics of a character.

③ Contrast, rhetorical question, parallelism, etc. Highlight or emphasize the xx characteristics of the object. Parallelism: enhance the momentum.

4 the role of metaphor, personification and exaggeration. Similarity between metaphor and personification; B. vividly express (describe) the xx characteristics of the object.

⑤ The function of symbols symbolizes a certain spirit (quality, thought) of things.

Example:

◆ The following is a description of the protagonist Dani, and points out its expressive function according to the context. (4 points)

(1) dressed in black brocade seems to be tied tightly to a plum tree. (Suggesting Dani's deep condolences to the victims of the Nanjing Massacre)

Carefully took out his wooden flute from the velvet sleeve. (Cautiously show Dani's love for folk music)

The Expression and Function of Three Questions Narration

Narration is the main way of expression, including description, discussion, explanation and lyricism. ① Narrative has direct lyric and indirect lyric. Direct lyric is to express one's thoughts and feelings about things directly on the basis of narration. Indirect lyricism includes expressing feelings for people, things and things through scenery, which naturally permeates the author's feelings between the lines of narrative description.

(2) Proper narration will often make the article icing on the cake, especially at the end of the article. Even using one or two notes between paragraphs can play a wonderful role in connecting the preceding with the following.

Fourth, ask the writing characteristics of the article: we can consider it from the perspectives of material selection, structural layout, language and conception, combined with the writing techniques of the article.

1, material selection: materials are typical, authentic, detailed and appropriate, showing and highlighting the center.

2. Structural layout: the layout is reasonable, ingenious and rigorous.

Language: simple or vivid, accurate image; Or bold or graceful; Or fresh or dignified; Or straightforward or implicit or fluent, the use of rhetorical devices, etc.

Idea: profound and novel, seeing the big from the small, full of philosophy, etc.

5. Evaluate and appreciate the characters and themes of the article (talk about your own understanding of the characters and themes)

◆ Read the full text, filter important information, and analyze the spirit or quality contained in the words and deeds of the characters. The answer can be composed as follows: the spirit of the character (quality, character, thought and personality) is expressed in the text by ×× (words or actions).

Generally speaking, the answer consists of three parts. The first half of A briefly summarizes the content of the article, which can be expressed as follows: ① The article is narrated by …; (2) The author of this article is ... (something) and has been used. ...

The second part summarizes the ideological significance of the content of the article, which is embodied in: revealing, criticizing, praising, persuading ... (some kind of ideological truth). Sometimes the topic can be a part of the answer, which is a necessary content.

C. State which view you agree with and explain the reasons. On the basis of the overall perception of the text, find out the sentences that can express the author's feelings and the theme of the article, and answer them with specific materials. (The Mystery of Oak Numbers in 2003)

Ask about your feelings, experiences and practices in a specific situation in the text.

A pointed out the ideological significance and truth contained in this specific situation;

B talk about your feelings, experiences and practices with specific examples in the article, and explain the reasons.

Summarize your point of view

Seven, ask after reading, experience, enlightenment, views, pay attention to the correct and healthy views, pay attention to rationality.

Answer the questions in the order of total scores:

A You can find the answers to the sentences that can express the author's feelings and the theme of the article.

B illustrate with specific examples and materials in the text and life, and explain the reasons.

So what should we do?