In the construction of physics laboratories, we need to combine the subject characteristics of physics, make comprehensive and long-term technical considerations, and arrange more scientific, standardized, convenient, safe and Beautiful layout. When placing cabinets and shelves, the alignment lines should be parallel and perpendicular to each other, rather than crossing at an angle. For rooms with irregular shapes, such as non-complete rectangles or diagonal corners, cabinets and shelves should be arranged in a square manner to cover the visual space and streamline the operating space. The direction of the aisles in the cabinets should be such that the administrators have more overall monitoring vision and a more direct path to get things in the most common work area (location). To put it figuratively, it means to "observe the whole room quietly and understand everything at a glance" and "to pick up things while moving, go straight and come straight". After making the above arrangements, natural lighting can also be taken into consideration. In addition, it is necessary to configure sufficient artificial lighting conditions (electric lights) in the whole room so that good illumination can be obtained during temporary abnormal working hours on rainy days, early morning or at night.
The width of the indoor passage should be such that the instrument cart can pass smoothly without excessively touching the cabinets and tables beside the passage, and it can also turn smoothly along the passage. Even if an instrument cart is not currently equipped, appropriate space should be reserved. It is also necessary to ensure that there is room for personnel to operate when cabinet doors and drawers are opened on both sides of the passage.
Cabinets, shelves, and storage should be based on the numbers of the "Teaching Instrument Catalog" issued by the Ministry of Education, starting from the administrator's most common work area (position) and pointing to each channel
Depth, order into the cabinet. According to the instrument discipline. Generally, there should be one room, one department, and specialized rooms. If due to space limitations, two subjects (categories) of equipment must be stored in one room
, such as physics teaching instruments and some audio-visual equipment, it is necessary to have a concise demarcation between the two storage areas. If due to space limitations, instruments from two departments have to be stored in one cabinet, it should be limited to one cabinet at the junction of the storage areas of the two departments. There is a one-time demarcation between the cabinet levels of this cabinet, and the two categories are not allowed to be mixed in the same shelf.
The cabinet label of this cabinet is also divided into two parts according to the department (category), and they are marked side by side (it is best to add the cabinet layer number) to achieve "specialty level" and "specialty label".
Only for storage, generally speaking, instruments with high frequency or large quantities of use, such as: wooden rulers, pallet balances, flat plate dynamometers, power supplies, electricity meters, single-units
The counter arrangement of knife switches, small lamp holders, sliding rheostat, voltage regulating transformer, oscilloscope, signal generator, etc. should be towards the beginning of the passage; their storage arrangement should be towards the upper cabinet. The lower level, and the upper level of the lower cabinet; but on the same cabinet level. It is advisable to move towards the right side of the shelf (when using the right-door first-opening cabinet) to improve work efficiency
. The positioning of these cabinets within the cabinet can also be marked accordingly on the cabinet label.
For instruments that need to be stored upright and have a high height, or need to be assembled for backup storage and the overall height is high, such as: demonstration thermometers, curved tube pressure gauges, and disk measuring instruments. Force gauges, force synthesis and decomposition demonstrators, demonstration torque disks, overweight and loss-of-weight demonstrators, spring vibrators, etc. should be stored in centralized cabinets (layers) to rationally utilize the cabinet storage space. . Hook codes, slot codes, cylinder groups, etc. should be stored on the lowest level of the mechanical upper cabinet and slightly on both sides of the shelf. This is because their total weight is very large, and they can obtain sufficient strong and stable support on this cabinet layer without causing the cabinet to deform over time; and, they are frequently used in demonstration experiments. It is used in large quantities in student experiments, and the upper level of this cabinet provides the best position for the administrator to move.
Instruments with a large number of single operators, such as teaching power supplies, experimental power supplies, and electromagnetic oscillation demonstrators, should be stored in the bottom layer of a 1-_ cabinet or the bottom layer of a lower cabinet.
Close to both sides of the shelf to protect the shelf and cabinet. However, instruments with extremely large mass such as FJ1209 experimental power supply and rotary vane vacuum pump can only be stored in the lower cabinet
The lowest level is on both sides to enhance its safety, stability and safety factor of the mechanical strength of the cabinet. Dangerous items, such as radioactive sources, mercury and their associated instruments, such as capillary phenomenon demonstrators, must be stored in special counters. This cabinet should have a strong locked cabinet door (the cabinet door should be made of glass and should at least reach the strength of wood). Other equipment stored in the same cabinet door should be accessed less frequently. In order to facilitate the use of the counter, it can be opened and closed (locked) immediately to reduce the probability of negligence
.
When the anti-theft facilities in the instrument room are poor, or when temporary construction restricts anti-theft safety, obvious text signs such as "Nuclear Radiation
Danger" and "Toxic" must be added to the dangerous load. icon to reduce the loss, misuse and contamination spread of dangerous goods when other extraordinary consequences occur (such as theft in the instrument room).
Cabinets for glassware, sinks, stoppers, washing brushes, etc. need to be close to the water spouts and drainage basins to facilitate cleaning, water distribution, and transportation. It is also advisable to place a suitable countertop or shelf next to the sink to facilitate the processes of temporarily placing, draining, and (pre-)drying the laundry. Mops and rags should also not be placed far away from the washing area. Equipment that requires high moisture-proof and anti-corrosion requirements should not be stored in glass instrument cabinets. But it can be adjacent to the drug category.
Medicine cabinets should avoid being close to or facing windows to reduce and slow down the impact of outdoor light radiation, temperature, etc. on medicines. Medicine cabinets should also have good indoor ventilation to eliminate volatile daily trace leakage contamination. Instruments with strong permanent magnet materials, such as bar magnets, hoof magnets, horns, speakers, hand-operated AC and DC generators, motor principle clarifiers, etc., should be stored at the bottom of the instrument cabinet. Part; should avoid being adjacent to mechanical stopwatches and oscilloscopes on different floors or in different cabinets on the same floor. In this way, the storage state and fetch operations can be reduced. The impact on other equipment and materials also reduces the impact on the human body next to the cabinet and its magnetically sensitive portable objects (such as watches, magnetic cards, etc.). Demonstration instruments such as inclined plane trolleys, air-cushion guide rails, and Newtonian tubes, as well as tools such as drawing boards and drawing T-squares, can only be stored in remote places outside cabinets because of their extremely large lines. On the one hand, it can ensure that it is anti-vibration, anti-collision, anti-pressure and less disturbed by other activities; on the other hand, its "living in isolation" also avoids affecting the neat and consistent appearance of the main cabinet rows.
It is advisable to retain a certain amount of flexibility between storage rooms within the cabinet. It facilitates the inspection, pick-up, placement, maintenance and other operations of the instrument, and leaves room for further reasonable adjustment
. A certain amount of space has also been prepared for the increase in variety, size, and quantity of instruments.
The preparation room must have a preparation table of sufficient area and capacity to accommodate the simultaneous operation of more than two people and the maintenance, repair, and maintenance of instruments. Needed for preparation, research, etc. Among them, the main preparation table used by the administrator should be large enough. It can be used for the temporary storage and disposal of large quantities of equipment and materials. It can also be used to lay down and dispose of large-area utensils and materials. There should also be good indoor ventilation to ensure the smooth elimination of possible experimental waste gas (smoke). This main preparation table can be composed of several tables and tables.
Each preparation station should be equipped with a corresponding power supply (municipal) fire distribution socket. This will probably require some additional construction to the existing indoor power supply lines. For the preparation table against the wall, the socket should not be placed under the window sill to prevent rainwater from being soaked; nor should it be placed above a relatively constant heat source (such as an electric heater, alcohol blowtorch, etc.) to prevent it from being soaked by rainwater. Prevent damage and ignition caused by high-temperature baking. Try to avoid placing the power supply leads under the window sill, and avoid crossing water supply and drainage pipes (so as not to affect the disassembly, installation and repair of water pipes). For preparation tables that are not against the wall, the power supply wiring must not be mopped or side-hung to prevent
wear, snagging and obstruction of traffic. It can be introduced through ground metal pipes or underground troughs. If the top-suspended introduction is adopted, both construction and use will be much simpler, more flexible and safer. However, it is necessary to arrange the suspended leads to a certain extent to eliminate the clutter of overhead devices. The main preparation station should be equipped with a power indicator light. This is very important for maintenance personnel of electrical appliances (especially dangerous electrical appliances, such as induction coils, helium-neon lasers, etc.) Or the operator's personal safety
has an irreplaceable layer of protection. Specifically, when the power supply suddenly stops. If there is a lack of immediate technical display, the operator is likely to have the illusion of "sudden electrical failure". When they check and deal with this "failed" "faulty electrical appliance", if the power supply is suddenly restored, they may be unprepared for high-voltage electricity or electromagnetic waves or x-rays from the "failed electrical appliance" Or the damage range of the laser.
For fire prevention. Fire extinguishers or fire bombs should be placed in a convenient location in the most common work area, but they do not occupy the work surface and the space for people and vehicles to move around. Fire-fighting buckets can be used with daily water storage buckets (for emergency use when the tap water supply is cut off); fire-fighting sand buckets can be used with experimental sand storage buckets (pressure tables, sand pendulum materials). Use one thing for two purposes in order to simplify. Smoking should be prohibited indoors. It is strictly forbidden to throw cigarette butts and match handles that have entered the house into the garbage. Administrators should supervise and inspect them and throw them into a specially designed water bowl or throw them on the ground and stomp them out. It is also prohibited to store and use disposable plastic case lighters indoors as they can easily cause fires due to breakage.
The instrument and preparation room is a relatively densely populated workplace with materials (storage) and people (activities). Even its passage space and countertop space are dedicated to each. Therefore, the living and service space of personnel must be carefully controlled to be as remote and small as possible. It is inappropriate to see clothes and bags hanging randomly and rain gear hanging out.
Indoor text cloth is necessary for rules and regulations, technical specifications, property specifications, and work charts. Due to limited wall space, there is no room for cultural and artistic arrangements. Too much will appear cluttered. Indoor greening should occupy no or less space on passages and countertops. Those located near windows should not have an excessive impact on natural lighting and ventilation.
In short, all aspects of interior decoration are worthy of careful consideration and planning. We should also "don't ignore the good deeds because they are small and small". When all these individual attentions are accumulated in the time and space of the overall layout and long-term use, the greater the effect will be achieved.