Current location - Quotes Website - Famous sayings - Is Zhang Yi a villain?
Is Zhang Yi a villain?

Question 1: As a villain who has no faith and goes back on his word, how could Zhang Yi be named "Wu Xinjun"? Because "Wu Xinjun" was conferred by King Qin Huiwen, because Zhang Yi worked hard and made great achievements. Diplomacy is for national interests. Lord Palmerston said, "There are no permanent enemies and no permanent friends, only permanent interests." Zhang Yi has no loyalty to the Chu State, but he is indeed the most loyal to the Qin State.

Question 2: Why did Qu Yuan curse Zhang Yi in history? Zhang Yi, a native of Zhangyi Village in Anyi (now Wanrong, Shanxi Province) of the State of Wei, was a descendant of the nobles of the State of Wei and a famous strategist, diplomat and strategist during the Warring States Period.

Zhang Yi pioneered Lian Heng's diplomatic strategy to lobby for entry into Qin. King Hui of Qin appointed Zhang Yi as prime minister. Later, Zhang Yi sent envoys to lobby the vassal states to use "horizontal" to defeat "vertical", which caused all countries to change from uniting vertically to resist Qin to uniting horizontally and pro-Qin. Zhang Yi was therefore named Lord Wu Xin by the King of Qin.

After the death of King Qin Hui, because King Qin Wu who came to the throne did not like Zhang Yi when he was the prince, Zhang Yi fled Wei and became the prime minister of Wei. He died a year later.

Regarding Zhang Yi in the Biography of Miyue, there is a big difference between Zhang Yi in the official history. To understand the most real Zhang Yi in history, you can refer to: xueshiboke/post/1014

Question Three: Why do you feel that Zhang Yi during the Warring States Period was a bit like a villain who specialized in sowing discord? There are too many in Hong Kong. Classic statement! Zhang Yi was the most famous strategist during the Warring States Period. He was hired by Qin to specialize in sowing discord. The anti-Qin alliance of the six countries was all broken up by him. He used alienation tactics to get rid of all the famous ministers and generals of the six countries and removed many obstacles for Qin. Qin Yitong made outstanding contributions to his functions. By the time the First Emperor destroyed the Six Kingdoms, the Six Kingdoms had no elites to resist. The elites were basically killed by Zhang Yi and unified by the First Emperor without much effort. Although Jingchun (disciple of Mencius) and Taishi Gong (Sima Qian) both praised Yi for his strong ability. But the means of harming people are too despicable and shameless. It's not too much to call him a villain.

Hope to adopt

Question 4: Are Su Qin and Zhang Yi people from the same period? Please elaborate. Hello, they are, and they have a very touching story. The original text is as follows

Zhang Yi and Su Qin were both educated by Guiguzi. When Su Qin had become famous among the princes because of his synergistic strategy, he was still an ordinary retainer of Prime Minister Chu. There is a story that one day, the Prime Minister of Chu was gathering guests, and Zhang Yi was also invited. But after the banquet, the jade wall worn by Prime Minister Chu disappeared. At that time, many people told Prime Minister Chu that Zhang Yi was poor and had no moral character, so Zhang Yi must have stolen the jade wall. Prime Minister Chu asked the warriors to capture Zhang Yi for interrogation, but Zhang Yi refused to admit that he had stolen the jade wall. Prime Minister Chu ordered Zhang Yi to be beaten with hundreds of bamboo sticks to force Zhang Yi to admit. But Zhang Yi firmly said that he did not steal and refused to admit it. Although there was no interrogation, this incident also made Zhang Yi lose the face to be a retainer of Prime Minister Chu. When he returned home, his wife saw him being humiliated and said to him: If you didn't go to school, preach your theories, and just be an ordinary citizen at home, how could you be so humiliated? Zhang Yi shook his head in disapproval and said to his wife: Look, is my tongue still there? The wife smiled and replied: Of course the tongue is still there, otherwise how would you eat. Zhang Yi said: It is enough that my tongue is there. My tongue is not used for eating, but for making achievements.

At that time, Zhang Yi's classmate Su Qin had already become the prime minister of the Yan State and was working for the King of Zhao in the State of Zhao. He hoped that he would agree with his idea and join forces to fight against Qin. However, Su Qin was worried that he had done a good job for the princes, but the princes could not resist the temptation of Qin, causing all his previous efforts to be wasted. He thought of a way to send one of his own people to Qin as an internal response to prevent Qin from forming alliances with other countries and help him complete his great cause of alliance. He thought of Zhang Yi, who was far superior to him in talent and learning. He believed that with Zhang Yi's talent and learning, if he went to the Qin State where it was time to employ people, he would definitely be reused. But he also understood Zhang Yi's aloof nature. It would be difficult for him to motivate himself without motivating his generals.

He sent someone to hide his identity and go to Zhang Yi and said: You used to be classmates with Su Qin, and now he has become a high official in Zhao State. Why are you burying yourself in the countryside like this instead of seeking an official position with him? , so that you can realize your ambitions. After hearing what the visitor said, Zhang Yi felt that it made sense. He had always been on good terms with Su Qin. Su Qin was now famous among the princes, and he was not an unlearned person. He believed that Zhang Yi would reuse him. Full of hope and confidence, he went to Handan, the capital of Zhao State, and handed over his name sticker asking to see Su Qin. He believed that Su Qin would immediately ask him to meet him after seeing the name sticker. After all, his classmates and friends had not seen each other for many years. Unexpectedly, a few days passed by and Su Qin never made an appointment to meet with Zhang Yi. Several times he asked Zhang Yi's disciples and they all said that Su Qin was busy with official duties and had no time to meet with him. After a few days, Zhang Yi couldn't bear it any longer. She thought to herself that her classmates and friends were treated so indifferently when they came to see her, which showed how lowly her status was in Su Qin's eyes. Nearly ten days later, just when Zhang Yi was disheartened and about to leave, Su Qin summoned him. What made him even more angry was that he was not treated politely by the guests. Instead, he was asked to sit down in the hall and was given meals for his servants. Su Qin arrogantly reprimanded him and said: "A talented person like you actually treats me like a servant." If you find yourself in such a state of poverty, although I can recommend you to become an official and become rich, can you do it well? Go to other countries. I won't accept people like you here. After Su Qin finished speaking, he walked away.

Zhang Yi's self-esteem was greatly hurt. He was confident that his talents were no worse than Su Qin. You, Su Qin, could be the prime minister of Zhao and devoted himself to uniting the six weak countries to deal with Qin. Then I will go to your enemy Qin, confront you tit for tat, and assist King Qin to unify the world. Then we will see who wins!

Zhang Yi went straight to Qin after coming out from Su Qin. Su Qin secretly sent one of his own men disguised as a businessman to follow him all the time to help him with food, clothing, carriage, and horses, and to help him reach Qin smoothly. At that time, King Qin Hui of Qin, who wanted to unify the world, was in power and was recruiting talents from all over the world. After Zhang Yi met King Hui of Qin, he presented his plan to break the alliance and connect the horizontal lines with King Qin Hui. As expected, he was trusted and reused, and was appointed as a guest minister. At this time, the talents sent by Su Qin to follow and help him told him the truth. In order to awaken his self-esteem and self-confidence, Su Qin deliberately adopted methods of irritation, hoping that he could take power in the Qin State and help Su Qin realize his great cause of uniting the six countries. Now that Su Qin's goal has been achieved, he wants to say goodbye to Zhang Yi and return to life. Only then did Zhang Yi suddenly realize. For some time now, I have been wondering, given the friendship between him and Su Qin as classmates, why did Su Qin treat him like that? It turns out that my old classmates were using this method to boost their fighting spirit. He said to Su Qin’s disciples, please tell Mr. Su that I will not let him down...gt;gt;

Question 5: Zhang Yiqi asked for one item that fits the point of view of the selected article. Yes () A. Zhang Yi is a treacherous villain B. The King of Chu is B. The King of Chu is a mediocre monarch

In the twelfth year of King Hui of Qin (313 BC), Qin wanted to attack Qi. However, he was worried that Qi and Chu had formed a vertical alliance, so he sent Zhang Yi to Chu State to lobby King Huai of Chu.

When King Chu Huai heard that Zhang Yi was coming, he vacated a high-quality hotel and went to the hotel himself to arrange accommodation for him. Said: "This is a remote and despicable country. What can you teach me?"

Zhang Yi lobbied King Huai of Chu and said: "If the king really wants to listen to my advice, he will cut off all contact with Qi. To terminate the covenant, I ask the King of Qin to donate 600 miles of land to Shang, and let the women of Qin serve as concubines to serve the king. Qin and Chu will marry women and become brothers forever. This will weaken the country to the north. The Qi State and the Qin State in the west will also benefit. There is no better strategy than this."

King Chu Huai agreed to Zhang Yi very happily. The ministers came to congratulate King Huai of Chu, but Chen Zhen was the only one who advised King Huai of Chu not to trust Zhang Yi. King Chu Huai said: "I hope Mr. Chen will shut up, stop talking, and wait for me to get the land."

So Chu and Qi severed their relations and abolished the alliance. King Chu Huai He granted Zhang Yi the Prime Minister's Seal of Chu State, also presented a large amount of property, and sent a general to follow Zhang Yi to Qin State to take over the land.

Zhang Yi returned to Qin State and pretended not to hold the rope on the carriage. He fell off the carriage and was injured. He did not go to court for three months. When King Huai of Chu heard about this, he said: " Zhang Yi sent warriors to the Song Dynasty to insult King Xuan of Qi in the north of Qi State. King Xuan was angry and cut off Fujie's friendship with Qin.

Zhang Yi came to court only after Qin and Qi established diplomatic relations. Zhang Yi said to the envoy of the Chu State: "I have a six-mile fiefdom granted by the King of Qin, and I would like to dedicate it to the King of Chu." The envoy of the Chu State said: "I have been ordered by the King of Chu to take over the land of six hundred miles from Shangyu. , I have never heard of Liuli."

The envoys of Chu State returned to Chu State and told King Chu Huai of Zhang Yi's words. King Chu Huai was furious and raised troops to attack Qin. As a result, Qin and Qi invaded Chu together and seized the lands of Danyang and Hanzhong. The State of Chu sent more troops to attack the State of Qin. The Chu army was defeated, so the State of Chu ceded two cities and concluded a peace treaty with the State of Qin, ending the state of war.

Question 6: Did Zhang Yi ever scold Mencius in history? That one was said to have been scolded...

Zhang Yi came after Su Qin~~~~Su Qin asked him to help his joint venture succeed~~~~~

An The city barrier was suddenly lost, and it was simply under the iron hoof of the Qin army. In desperation, the capital was moved to Daliang in advance, and the whole country was dejected for a while. Fortunately, we had been preparing to move the capital to Daliang for many years. It was already in the planning stage, and the government and the public were fully aware of it, so it did not cause much confusion. Besides, Wei's homeland is still relatively intact. All that has been lost is the land of Qin captured by the ancestors, so the foundation has not been shaken yet.

It is common for other countries that lack a foundation to suffer such a major blow of "losing thousands of miles of land, losing their troops and moving their capital", causing civil strife and forcing the palace! At first, King Wei Hui was frightened for a while, but later he gradually calmed down when he saw that the country's human rights ministers were relatively stable. Looking back, I was secretly amused. I had suppressed civil strife in crisis and revitalized the country for thirty years. Even if I suffered a small defeat, why would the people of the country not tolerate it? Thinking of this, his guilt and guilt disappeared, and he cheered up again, ready to recruit a few famous people like Wu Qi and Shang Yang to regain the lost hegemony!

King Hui of Wei was determined to regain his glory, so he lived in his study and announced to the Prime Minister, Prince Ang, to plan for a while. Young Master Ang praised the King of Wei for "working hard for the country, working hard for the country"; King Wei Hui was also very pleased, and immediately felt that as a king of a country, one must be relaxed and relaxed; therefore, Young Master Ang's idea of ??hunting was immediately adopted, and he With this hunting action "will greatly increase the aspirations of the people of the country".

"Report to my king——!" The old chamberlain in charge of the palace came panting and reported: "Master Mencius led a hundred disciples into Daliang to ask for an audience with the king!"

King Wei Hui frowned greatly. , I feel that this old master’s arrival is really disappointing. But Mencius is a master of Confucianism and can be regarded as the most famous person in the world. If he disappears due to hunting, it will greatly damage his reputation if it spreads. When the Wei State is recruiting people, how can it refuse such a famous figure? After thinking for a while, King Wei Hui smiled helplessly at Young Master Ang: "Cancel the hunting, and the honor guard will greet Master Meng." In a moment, the hunting drummers who had been prepared lined up to play music, the middle door of the palace opened wide, and King Wei Hui led the hunting party. When the minister came out of the palace, everything was convenient, but it was very fast.

But this momentum surprised Mencius!

Mencius traveled around various countries for many years and came to Wei countless times. The political ideas of Confucianism are already known all over the world. No matter whether it is a big country or a small country, although no one dares to use Confucianism to govern, no country dares to offend this difficult school of thought that is very good at verbal criticism without reason. As time passed, Mencius also understood the mystery, so he gave up the idea of ??becoming an official and regarded traveling around the world as a life of giving lectures and preaching. The monarchs of various countries also saw the secret, and no longer had grudges against Mencius's teachers and students, but were happy to gain a reputation for themselves as polite and virtuous corporals.

In this way, Confucianism has become wonderfully harmonious with the monarchs and ministers of various countries. Every country they visit is treated with peace and grandeur. Compared with the panic of Confucius, who was like a bereaved dog, it is much more grand. The king did not ask about political affairs, and Mencius only talked about knowledge. He actually left many popular question and answer chapters.

This time, Mencius returned to his hometown of Lu and passed by Daliang. He had no intention of paying a visit to King Wei Hui. After all, Mencius was a little impatient with these social events that were only about publicity and not about actual reality. But on the way, I heard news: King Hui of Wei was going to go hunting in Daliang for three days. Mencius suddenly thought: Since King Hui of Wei is going hunting, he might as well go and visit him. This would not only save him the trouble of socializing, but also return King Hui of Wei's always respectful friendship to Mencius. Wouldn't it be wonderful? This technique was also pioneered by Confucius. At that time, Confucius did not want to associate with Yang Huo, but he could not avoid etiquette, so he deliberately went to "return to worship" when Yang Huo was not at home. The result was naturally the best of both worlds. Today's meeting with King Hui of Wei is similar to that of Confucius' meeting with Yang Huo. Mencius is really a little proud of it.

Mencius was familiar with the etiquette of various countries, and knew that the royal system of hunting in Wei State was to "leave the city at Mao hour, without disturbing the people in the streets"; so he ordered his eldest disciple Wan Zhang to slow down the motorcade and arrive at Daliang in time for Chen; at this time, the king of Wei It had been an hour since I had left the city, and I was just in time to return with the "full ceremony" and not miss my schedule. As luck would have it, King Hui of Wei went hunting for the first time after moving the capital to Daliang, so he announced that he had changed the rules for king hunting, changing it to "going out of the city at twilight hours to facilitate the common people's viewing." This was intended to let the people of the country see the royal family's excitement. Unexpectedly, Mencius came to visit him, so he took advantage of the situation and opened the central gate with great fanfare and led his officials to welcome Mencius. How could this accident not surprise Mencius who was enjoying himself leisurely?

"Mr. Meng, are you okay?" King Wei Hui held his hands in the distance with a smile on his face. The ministers behind him also bowed and saluted: "I have met Master Meng!"

Mencius heard the drum in the distance...gt;gt;

Question 7: How did Zhang Yi deceive King Huai of Chu? King Huai of Chu was under house arrest by Qin for sixteen years, and the world was formed at this time The three major powers of Qi, Chu and Qin were defeated, and an alliance was formed between Qi and Chu. Lobbyist Zhang Yi came to Chu State with the purpose of splitting the "two mountains" of Qi and Chu. In 313 BC, Zhang Yi of Qin State deceived King Huai and asked him to cede 600 miles of land from Qin State in exchange for cutting off Qi State. King Huai fell into the trap and only got six miles of land after breaking off diplomatic relations with Qi State. King Huai was so angry that he sent troops to attack Qin, but was defeated by Wei Zhang in Danyang. King Huai summoned the troops from all over the country to launch an attack, but was defeated again at Lantian. Later, in 311 BC, Qin attacked Zhaoling and was defeated in three battles. Chu The country then declined.

In 306 BC (the 23rd year of King Huai of Chu), when the State of Chu took advantage of the civil strife in Yue, it united with the State of Qi to attack the State of Yue, occupied the capital of the State of Yue in the former hometown of Wu, and killed the King of Yue. Without borders, he captured all the land from the original Wu State to Zhejiang, and established Jiangdong as a county. As a result, the Yue Kingdom fell apart, and the remnants of the Yue Kingdom fled to their homeland. The children of various ethnic groups competed for power. Some were crowned kings, and some were crowned kings. They lived on the coast south of the Yangtze River.

In 299 BC, the State of Qin captured eight cities of the State of Chu. King Zhaoxiang of Qin made an appointment with King Huai to meet at Wuguan. King Huai ignored Zhao Sui and Qu Yuan's advice and decided to go to Wuguan, but was detained by Qin. The King of Qin forced him to cede territory to save his life, but King Huai of Chu sternly refused because he still had a sense of national responsibility. Qin was unable to realize its long-cherished wish to kidnap King Chu Huai and easily obtain the Chu territory, so it had no choice but to imprison King Chu Huai all the time. While King Huai was being detained, the people of Chu made the prince king, who was King Qingxiang of Chu.

In 297 BC, King Huai of Chu fled, and the Qin people blocked the road to Chu. King Huai fled to the state of Zhao, but the state of Zhao did not dare to take him in. King Huai tried to escape to the state of Wei, but was captured by Qin's pursuers.

In 296 BC, King Huai of Chu fell into depression and became ill and died in Xianyang. The State of Qin returned the body to the State of Chu, "all the people of Chu felt pity for him, as if he were a relative."

In 278 BC, Qin general Bai Qi led his troops south and captured the capital of Chu. Qu Yuan also committed suicide by throwing himself into the Miluo River on May 5 of the same year.

Question 8: How did Zhang Yi bully Chu and King Huai of Chu?

After the Battle of Xiuyu, Qi sent troops to defeat Zhao and Wei, and formed an alliance with Chu. Qi is a powerful country in the east, while Chu is eyeing the south. Therefore, the Qi-Chu Alliance became a thorn in the side of Qin, and alienating the Qi-Chu Alliance and weakening Qi-Chu's power became a key move in Qin's expansion to the east. In 313 BC, Zhang Yi resigned from the position of Qin State again and went south to meet the King of Chu. After arriving in Chu, he first sent someone to bribe King Huai of Chu's favored minister Jin Shang, using him to gain the trust of King Huai, and then set out to alienate the relationship between Qi and Chu. He said to King Huai: "There is no one whom our King of Qin respects more than you, your Majesty. Even if I, Zhang Yi, am willing to serve as my subordinate, I would recommend you first. There is no one whom our King of Qin hates who can compare with the King of Qi, that is me." Zhang Yi also hates King Qi the most. Although Qi and Qin were once married countries, there are many things Qi can't do with Qin. Now we, Qin, want to attack Qi, so we, King Qin, cannot serve the king. I, Zhang Yi, cannot be your minister. If your Majesty can sever ties with the State of Qi, I will ask the King of Qin to dedicate Shang Yu six hundred miles to the State of Chu. In this way, the State of Qi will be weakened. If it is weakened, the king can use the Qi State to the north. This is a matter of three benefits: weakening the Qi State to the north, extending virtue to Qin to the west, and settling in the land of commerce." The King of Chu agreed very happily. he. The ministers all congratulated the King of Chu, and all the Chu officials were very happy. Although Zhang Yi persuaded King Huai of Chu, there were many knowledgeable people in Chu. Chen Zhen, who was originally serving in the State of Qin, came to the State of Chu after Zhang Yi became prime minister, and he was very clear about Zhang Yi's intentions. He advised King Huai not to listen to Zhang Yi's words to avoid being bullied and severing relations with Qi. However, King Huai of Chu had long been deceived by Zhang Yi's rhetoric and was driven by greed. He could not listen to Chen Zhen's opinions at all. He handed over the Chu State Prime Minister's Seal to Zhang Yi, and then sent people to announce the severance of diplomatic relations, and at the same time sent people to follow Zhang Yi to receive the order. land. Qu Yuan angrily rebuked Zhang Yi

After returning to Qin, Zhang Yi claimed that he was ill and would not go to court for three months. King Huai of Chu could not get the land, thinking that Qin was not firm enough in severing relations between Chu and Qi. Therefore, special warriors were sent to insult King Qi. The King of Qi was furious. On the one hand, he completely broke off diplomatic relations with Chu, and on the other hand, he sent people to Qin to discuss with the King of Qin to attack Chu together. After the goal was achieved, Zhang Yi went out to see the Chu envoy and told him that "from so to so, it is a vast six miles" and presented it to the King of Chu. The envoy of Chu reported to King Huai. King Huai was furious and cursed Zhang Yi as a villain who rebelled against his promise, and angrily wanted to raise troops to attack Qin. At this time, Chen Zhen suggested that King Huai unite Qin to fight against Qi. King Huai was furious and wanted to take revenge on Zhang Yi. He once again rejected Chen Zhen's correct advice and sent General Qu Ju and General Feng Hou Chou to attack Qin. . In 312 BC, the Chu State and Qin Qi fought in Danyang. As a result, the Chu army was defeated. Qu Ju, Feng Hou Chou and more than 70 generals with titles were captured, and 80,000 Chu troops were wiped out. Hanzhong County was also taken away by Qin. When the news of the defeat came, King Chu Huai was so angry that he fainted. Driven by a fanatical desire for revenge, he mobilized all Chu's troops to attack Qin. Due to the intensification of the lone army, Chu Ji was defeated by Lantian. This time, South Korea and Wei also took the opportunity to attack the Chu State southward and reached Dengyi. Chu was besieged from both sides and hurriedly withdrew its troops, and had no choice but to cut off two cities and seek peace with Qin.

Question 9: Is Su Qin a conspiracy villain or an outstanding diplomat? Su Qin was a dazzling political star in the Warring States Period, but he was also the man of great joy and great sorrow who attracted the most praise and praise in that era. Regarding his evaluation, from ancient times to the present, benevolent people have different opinions and wise people have different opinions. So, is Su Qin a hero who sacrifices his life for righteousness, or a smooth-talking villain? In this regard, Professor Jiang An elaborated his views on the Baijia Forum "Two Heroes of Lobbyists in the Warring States Period".

Jiang An said that in the history of China, Zhang Yi and Su Qin had a good fight. They were classmates and both were extremely eloquent. Who was more powerful? If there was a speech contest between the two, Only by classifying people into high and low can future generations be convinced. But history did not give them this chance.

Zhang Yi, a descendant of the nobles of the Wei State, learned the art of vertical and horizontal, and his main activities should be before Su Qin. He was a famous politician, diplomat and strategist during the Warring States Period.

On the basis of Shang Yang's reforms, Zhang Yi "connected externally to fight against the princes", coordinated with the Qin State's farming and warfare policy, used eloquent eloquence and crisp strategies to persuade the princes vertically and horizontally, and achieved many achievements. In the Qin State, Zhang Yi He became a decisive figure in politics, diplomacy and military affairs. Zhang Yi used military and diplomatic means to enable Qin to "take the land of Sanchuan in the east, merge with Ba and Shu in the west, capture Shangjun in the north, and capture Hanzhong in the south." This played a positive role in Qin's hegemony and future unification.

Su Qin, during the Warring States Period, everyone knew that Su Qin served Qi for the sake of Yan. In the end, Qi fell and Yan prospered, but he himself also made sacrifices for Yan. He has always been loyal to Yan.

Question 10: The story of Su Qin and Zhang Yi. Original text of the history book:

Su Qin (1) had already told King Zhao that they had agreed to marry him (2), but he was afraid that Qin would attack the princes and be defeated. After the appointment, he thought that (3) could not be used in Qin, which made people feel slightly (4). Zhang Yi (5) said: "Zi Shi was good to Su Qin, and now Qin has taken the road (6), why don't you go there? To seek Tongzi's wish?" Zhang Yi then went to Zhao and asked to see Su Qin (7). Su Qin then warned his disciples not to go through, and made them unable to leave for a few days. Having seen him, he sat under the hall and gave his servants and concubines food. So he counted (8) and said: "With the talent of the son, I have made myself miserable and humiliated. I would rather (9) not be able to say that I am rich and noble, but I don't have enough to accept." Thank you and go. When Zhang Yi came, he thought he was an old friend and wanted to seek benefits, but he saw the humiliation and became angry. He thought that the princes had nothing to do, and Qin alone could suffer Zhao (10), so he entered Qin.

Su Qin already told his relatives (11): "Zhang Yi, a wise man in the world, I am not like you (12). Now I am lucky to use it first, and the one who can use Qin handle (13) is the only one Zhang Yi Ke'er is poor and has no reason to advance (14). I am afraid that he will be happy with small gains but will not succeed, so I call him to humiliate him and serve him in secret (15). Gold coins, chariots and horses were sent to follow Zhang Yi, and he stayed a little closer to his dormitory. He was given chariots, horses and money, and he could use them as he wished, without telling him. Zhang Yi was then able to meet King Hui of Qin. King Hui considered him a guest (16) and planned to attack the princes.

Su Qin’s family resigned. Zhang Yi said: "Lai Zi has been revealed (17), and he can only repay his kindness. Why should he go?" Shi Ren said: "I don't know you, but I know you. It is Su Jun. Su Jun is worried about Qin's attack and Zhao's defeat, and he thinks he is not a king. I can't get the handle of Qin, so I am angry with you (18). I sent my envoys to you in secret to use your strategy. Now that you have used it, please return it." Zhang Yi said: "Hey, this is in my skill. If you don't realize it, I'm not as smart as Su Jun! How can I seek help from Zhao? When Su Jun is here, how dare I say anything?" Zhang Yi said! Since he was prime minister of Qin, he wrote a letter (20) to the Prime Minister of Chu, saying: "From the beginning, if I drink from Ruo, I will not steal the jade, but if you (21) whip me. If you protect your country well, I will steal the city!" ”

(From "Historical Records? The Tenth Biography of Zhang Yi")

Explanation:

(1) Su Qin: A native of Luoyang in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, he studied with Mr. Guigu. A famous strategist during the Warring States Period. At first, he persuaded King Hui of Qin to annex the world, but was not accepted. Later, he persuaded Yan, Zhao, Han, Wei, Qi, and Chu to join forces to resist Qin. He wore the seal of the six kingdoms and became the chief of the alliance. He returned to Zhao, and Zhao was granted the title of Lord Wu'an. Qin soldiers did not dare to peek at Hangu Pass for fifteen years.

(2) Make an appointment to Cong (sound vertical) Qin: Congqin, the countries in the north and the south, except the Qin State, unite to support each other and form one body to resist the Qin State. Cong, Tong "vertical".

(3) Nian: think. Extended to consider.

(4) Micro-sensation: Secret persuasion. Wei: Secretly, quietly.

(5) Zhang Yi: A native of Wei, he once served Mr. Guigu with Su Qin and learned the art of lobbying. He was a representative of the Lian Heng family during the Warring States Period. After serving as the Prime Minister of the Qin State, he served as a general and became the Prime Minister for nineteen years, lobbying the six countries to obey the Qin State.

(6) Today Qin has taken the lead: Being the road means being in power.

(7) Go to Ye and ask to see Su Qin: Ye: famous post. Write your name, place of origin, official title and visit details.

(8) Number of concessions: number, many times. Let: blame, blame.

(9) Ning: Qi, could it be?

(10) Bitter Zhao: Troubling the State of Zhao. Bitterness: hardship. By extension, trouble.

(11) Sheren: retainer. The attendants, guests, and people close to the princes and dignitaries.

(12) I am probably not as good as him: I am probably not as good as him. Almost: Probably, I’m afraid.

(13) Those who can use Qin's handle: those who can control the power of Qin. Authority: authority, power.

(14) No reason to advance: no chance to get a recommendation. Enter: Recommendation.

(15) Yin Fengzhi: Serve Zhang Yi secretly.

(16) Ke Qing: Foreigners who serve as officials in their own country are treated as guests and are called Ke Qing.

(17) Laizi Dexian: Rely on you to get developed. Xian: Having reputation and status.

(18) Angry: irritated.

(19) Yi Ningqu Nenghu: Ningqu: Could it be, where? "Suo Yin": "The distance between the sound of the channel and the few ancient characters are borrowed from the ear."

(20) Wenxi (sound seat): document. Xi: A wooden slip two feet long. In ancient times, recruitment or announcements were written on the Xi and sent out.

(21) If: Ru Ye. You, yours.

(22) And: you.

Vernacular:

Su Qin has persuaded King Zhao to form an alliance with various countries, but he is afraid that Qin will attack the vassal states, so he will break the alliance before the alliance is concluded. was destroyed, and considering that there was no suitable person to send to Qin, he secretly sent someone to guide Zhang Yi and said: "You had a good relationship with Su Qin at the beginning. Now that Su Qin is in power, why don't you make friends with him to realize your goals?" Where is your wish?" So Zhang Yi went to Zhao State and presented a famous invitation, requesting to meet Su Qin. Su Qin warned his disciples not to introduce Zhang Yi, and kept him away for several days...gt;gt;