This article is an ancient prose written by Han Feizi, which mainly talks about the method of monarch governing foreign ministers.

In the article, there are two ways for the monarch to control foreign ministers:

One is that the monarch will kill a foreign minister who cannot be tamed by the authorities. In Han Feizi's view, it is not enough to use virtue alone, but to use power to govern and restrain them with legal rules. Only with the binding force of legal rules can they put away those bad thoughts and behaviors and serve their superiors faithfully. This is the core of Han Feizi's thought of "ruling the country by law".

In fact, Han Feizi ignored the role of soft binding force. Hard binding force is really needed, but soft binding force can't be ignored.

hard binding force is a punishment regulation for people who break the law and violate the law, but soft binding force is a behavior habit that we have been cultivated since childhood, and these behavior habits are in line with the behavior norms in people's customs, and these behaviors unconsciously restrict people's actions. Therefore, when we choose an action, the first thing to consider is not how the laws and regulations stipulate, but how our relatives and friends around us view my action. If they are not optimistic about my actions, we will not act; But if their view is approval, we will act happily. This is the powerful function of soft constraints.

second, the monarch has become a favorite of his ministers. Therefore, if the monarch shows his love and hate for something, he will be used by them, so the monarch will be confused; If the monarch reveals what he heard, it will be difficult for foreign ministers to speak to the monarch again, and the monarch will not be able to see through everything.

The principle of governing the country by the divine monarch is stated in the original text in the argument that the monarch should be able to act arbitrarily when encountering things.

What did Han Feizi write

"Success or failure lies in Han Fei" Qin's unification of the six countries and the decline of Han Fei became a key reason. Wu Zhu is an article written by Han Feizi, and the articles in it also reflect Han Feizi's talent and writing ability.

Han Feizi was born in the Warring States Period, when the Seven Heroes were fighting for hegemony. His country was the weakest country at that time. Han Feizi witnessed his country's decline step by step, so he went to the King of Korea and told him his ideas, but he was rejected. Han Feizi was very disappointed, but he didn't give up. Finally, he explored the way to make it stronger from weakness and advocated the righteousness of opposing Confucianism.

Wu Zhu actually refers to five kinds of people in the society at that time: first, Confucianists at the end of the Warring States Period; second, industrial and commercial people; third, rangers at that time; fourth, people attached to nobles; and fifth, strategists.

Han Feizi's argumentation method in Wu Shu is wonderful, appropriate, rich in argumentation characteristics and intriguing. He cited a lot of evidence to prove his thinking, and made a careful description. Everything he said was like a sharp blade, and the knife went straight to life. Wu Shu is also an important document that embodies Han Feizi's political thought and is quite powerful.

It is also in Wu Shu that Han Feizi made it clear that it is absolutely impossible for everyone to have both moral qualities, and that people are pursuing interests. It is unrealistic to talk about benevolence and morality in governing the country, which will only make the country even worse. He promoted the concept of "severe punishment for minor offences", consolidated and unified the country by legal means and implemented the monarch system.

What are the fables of Han Feizi?

Han Feizi was born in South Korea at the end of the Warring States Period. There are two versions about Han Feizi. One refers to Han Fei himself, a Korean aristocrat at that time, and the other refers to a book written by his descendants after his death.

Han Feizi's fables are vivid and realistic in life. He skillfully uses them to express his understanding and views on social life, which has distinct characteristics.

His famous fables include Waiting for the Rabbit, Mantis Catching Cicada, A Saiweng Lost a Horse, and so on, such as "Buying a Plant to Return the Pearl"; This fable also tells us that future generations can't just see the gorgeous appearance, but the most important thing is to pay attention to the essence and preciousness. Don't just see what you think is good. Maybe, by contrast, something you didn't notice is more valuable and used.

and his fables are now included in textbooks. His fables are also very instructive. The language is humorous, the truth is easy to understand at first reading, and it is also very objective, which can show its meaning to the point.

Although Han Feizi is not good at expressing in words, he is a great writer. Because of this, he also became a thinker, educator, philosopher and essayist in the late Warring States period and early Qin Dynasty. He was also a very lobbyist and a representative of Legalism, and his influence in history was also very great. Han Feizi's famous sayings all tell the truth objectively and give us a lot of inspiration. These vivid fables contain the perfect combination of this philosophy and his artistry, which gives us infinite inspiration. Han Feizi's fables have considerable literary value.

What's written on Han Feizi's theory of internal storage

On Han Feizi's theory of internal storage is a part selected from Han Feizi's theory of internal storage. In fact, the theory of internal storage is divided into several parts, namely, up, down, left, right and inside, and the theory of internal storage is basically a collection of stories and fables from all over the world to convey the meaning to people.

Han Feizi, as a famous philosopher and thinker in the Warring States Period, was born in a noble sect, but he has been stuttering since he was a child. His language expression ability is not very good, even lacking, but Han Feizi is very talented. He conveyed all he wanted to express to the world through words, including the collection stored in memory.

In The Story of Han Feizi's Internal Storage, the meaning is illustrated by examples. Some idioms that we often talk about now come from it. For example, the story of "making up a few things" is impressive by giving an example of Qi Xuanwang, and one of them actually can't but pretends to be able to blend in with the band. Later, when Qi Xuanwang's son took office, he liked to impress people one by one. At this time, the person who pretended to be able to play was frightened.

In the theory of internal storage, it is also said that wise ministers and kings should go into the market to truly observe the people's feelings, because often those ministers or subordinates will report the truth in disorder, thus covering up the truth, making wrong judgments and listening to more people instead of making decisions blindly.

Han Feizi also revealed the ugly side of human nature through The Theory of Internal Storage, and made a critical satire on it.

what is Han Fei's political opinion

Han Fei (Han Feizi), the son of Han Wang, the monarch of South Korea at the end of the Warring States Period, is also a famous political commentator, thinker and philosopher in ancient China. He is a master of legalism and has written a book "Han Feizi". In terms of state rule, Han Fei advocated the rule of law, which won the appreciation of Ying Zheng, the king of Qin. His ideas reflected the interests and demands of emerging feudal landlords and provided a theoretical basis for Qin Shihuang to establish a unified centralized feudal country. So what are his specific political opinions?

first of all, let's talk about his main political proposition, that is, the rule of law. He put forward four policies of "rewarding, punishing, emphasizing agriculture and fighting". Although harsh, at the same time, he also advocated that "the law is not expensive", that is, a gentleman is guilty of the same crime as the common people.

Han Fei also likes to study history. His attitude towards history is "different things are different when the world is different" and "different things are prepared for change", that is to say, when formulating some policies, we should adapt to the times and not follow the rules.

As for the monarch, he advocated that the monarch must have absolute power to rule the country well, and that the feudal slave owners should be eliminated and some feudal officials should be selected instead.

As for the lieutenants, he thinks that we should go to the "five evils" and guard against the "eight evils". The five evils refer to scholars, strategists, rangers, people who are attached to nobles and have escaped military service, and people who are businessmen and workers. He believes that these people will disturb the rule of law and threaten the country. Eight traitors refer to the monarch's wives and concubines, followers of the monarch, uncles and brothers of the monarch, people who intend to please the monarch, people who distribute money to please the people, people who buy people's hearts, people who create public opinion, people who raise swordsmen, people who show off their prestige, and people who make friends with big countries and cultivate personal power. He believes that these people may pose a threat to national security by their own good conditions, but they should also be guarded against it.

As for the people, he thinks that the nature of the people is leisure and hate work, so he advocates using punishment to restrict them, but at the same time, he also advocates being frivolous and generous.