Eight Fujian Culture·Eight Fujian Scenic Spots·Memorial Hall, Former Residences and Tombs of Celebrities

(1) Zheng Chenggong Memorial Hall

There are two Zheng Chenggong Memorial Halls in Fujian, both of which were completed at the same time February 1, 1962 was the 300th anniversary of Zheng Chenggong's recovery of Taiwan. One of them is at the northern foot of Sunlight Rock on Gulangyu Island in Xiamen City. Sunlight Rock is where the national hero Zheng Chenggong stationed his troops in the late Ming Dynasty. The remains of the "Longtou Mountain Village" and Zheng Chenggong's water platform still remain on the mountain. The majestic statue of Zheng Chenggong stands in the exhibition hall of the memorial hall. In seven exhibition rooms, more than 300 pieces of various cultural relics, materials, photos, sculptures, and models are on display, systematically introducing Zheng Chenggong's youth, anti-Qing activities, expulsion of Dutch colonists, recovery of Taiwan, and development of Taiwan. The manuscripts collected in the museum, such as the "Final Edition of Records of Sea Scenes and Hearings", "Records of the Conquest", "Travel to the Sea", and "Dongshan Guoyu", are all of high historical value.

Another memorial hall is located in the Zheng Ancestral Hall in Xiting, Shijing, Nan'an, Zheng Chenggong's ancestral home, with more than 200 cultural relics on display. In 1962, Zheng Chenggong's mausoleum was rebuilt. In front of the tomb was a white marble tablet engraved with "Inscription on the Mausoleum of National Hero Zheng Chenggong." In 1980, a stele pavilion was built here, a platform was added, and pines and cypresses were planted around it. It is a national key cultural relic protection unit.

(2) Quanzhou Overseas Transportation History Museum

The museum is located in the Zhunti Zen Temple on the east side of Kaiyuan Temple. Created in 1959. Among them, the Quanzhou Overseas Transportation History Stone Carvings Exhibition Hall displays 231 religious stone carvings from the Song and Yuan Dynasties. There are Islamic stone carvings, tombstones in Arabic and Persian, and some stone components; there are Nestorian stone carvings, for Nisi. There are tombstones in Wari, Latin and Pasiba scripts, with crosses, clouds, flames, flying apsaras and other carvings on them; there are Manichaean stone carvings, photos of Manichaean Buddha statues and reliefs in Cao'an, Jinjiang County; there is a Boluomen Teaching stone carving, including inscriptions, Buddhist statues and temple architectural relics.

Although some of these stone carvings do not involve religion, they are of extremely important significance in the history of communication between China and foreign countries. Such as the epitaph written by Ouyang Yan for Zheng Xiufang in the fifth year of Huichang in the Tang Dynasty, the cliff stone carvings of the Song Dynasty wind prayer party on Jiuri Mountain, the Yuan general Yihei lost his way in Quanzhou to read the scripture inscriptions at the 120th temple built in Quanzhou, and the Yuan Dynasty ambassador envoy to Persia Tombstones, etc. Some are of great value to the study of Fujian religious history. For example, Christian stone carvings show that the religion was divided into two sects in Quanzhou during the Middle Ages: one was the St. Francis sect of Western Romanism; the other was the Nestorian sect. The Mongolians called Nestorian sect Yeli Kewen. As the Islamic stone carvings show, some Arabs lived in Quanzhou for a long time to do business and preach, and were buried here after their deaths. The locals call these foreigners who have lived in China for a long time "Fan Ke", and the children born of the marriage between "Fan Ke" and local women are called "Bannan Fan". During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, Pu Shougeng, the leader of coastal local forces, was a typical "semi-southern fan". There are more than 3,000 households in Chendai Township outside the south gate of Quanzhou, all with the surname Ding. According to their genealogy, they are all descendants of the Arab Saidian Chizhan Siding. All these prove that Quanzhou was indeed a place where China and foreign countries met from all directions in the medieval era. In addition, the Quanzhou Bay Ancient Ships Exhibition Hall and the Quanzhou Export Ceramics Exhibition Hall also reflect the economic and cultural exchanges between Chinese and foreign people and the history of friendly exchanges.

(3) Overseas Chinese Museum

The Overseas Chinese Museum is located in a three-story building with ethnic characteristics at the foot of Fengchao Mountain in Xiamen Port. It has a construction area of ??more than 3,000 square meters and is the largest in the world today. The only museum in the world that exhibits the history of overseas Chinese. The museum was initiated and hosted by the famous overseas Chinese leader Mr. Tan Kah Kee and built with donations from patriotic overseas Chinese and returned overseas Chinese. It was planned to be built in 1956 and officially opened in May 1959.

The museum has more than 7,000 exhibits and an exhibition area of ??more than 2,400 square meters. The first floor is the main exhibition hall, with six parts on display. The two parts "The Origin and Development of Overseas Chinese" and "The Tragic Experience of Overseas Chinese Before Liberation" focus on the history of the formation of overseas Chinese and their experiences overseas, and expose the colonialists' racial discrimination and cruel oppression of overseas Chinese. There are also four parts: "Friendship between Overseas Chinese and the People of the Countries in which They Live", "The Past and Present of Overseas Chinese", "Contribution of Overseas Chinese to the Motherland" and "Review of Overseas Chinese Policies". There are also many cultural relics and handicrafts from Southeast Asian countries presented by overseas Chinese and returned overseas Chinese on display, which are also historical witnesses of cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries. The second floor is the "Motherland Historical Relics Exhibition Hall" and the third floor is the "Museum of Nature", which reflects Mr. Tan Kah Kee's guiding ideology of attaching great importance to the history of the motherland and advocating culture and science.

(4) Zhu Xi’s former residence

Kaoting Academy is located in Kaoting Village, three kilometers southwest of Jianyang County. It is the place where the famous Southern Song Dynasty Neo-Confucian Zhu Xi lived and gave lectures in his later years. In the third year of Shaoxi's reign (1192), Zhu Xi succeeded his father in building a residence here. A small library was built next to the house, with a plaque inscribed with the words "Collection of Books" written by Zhang Nanxuan (Zhang Shi). Because there were so many people studying there, the "Bamboo Forest Jingshe" (later renamed "Cangzhou Jingshe") was rebuilt in the east of the house, adjacent to the "Library".

During the Qingyuan Party Ban, Zhu Xi stayed in Kaoting for a long time. Although he insisted on giving lectures, he was finally listed as one of the Party Bans, so he felt heavy and died in Kaoting in early March of the sixth year of Qingyuan (1120). Home. In the first year of Baoqing of the Song Dynasty (1225), Liu Kezhuang, the magistrate of Jianyang County, built a temple here to commemorate it. In the fourth year of Chunyou (1224), Emperor Lizong of the Song Dynasty decreed it to be an academy and gave it a four-character plaque in the imperial book "Kaoting Academy". From then on, Kaoting Academy became famous all over the world. There is an ancient well behind Kaoting Academy.

It means that the source of Taoism is like water from a well, inexhaustible and inexhaustible. Zhu Xi personally wrote the words "Ji Gu" and unveiled a plaque beside the well, which no longer exists today. Kaoting Academy was one of the academies with great influence in the Southern Song Dynasty. There are hundreds of scholars who have come to the academy to seek advice, such as Cai Yuanding, Liu Chan, Huang Qian, Zhen Dexiu, etc., all of whom are famous domestic Neo-Confucians and the main figures of the "Kaoting School" of Neo-Confucianism in the Southern Song Dynasty.

(5) Lin Zexu’s tomb and temple

Lin Zexu (1785-1850), courtesy name Shaomu, was a native of Houguan, Fujian (now Fuzhou City). He became a Jinshi in the 16th year of Jiaqing's reign in the Qing Dynasty and served successively as governor and governor-general. In 1839, he became the imperial minister and went to Guangdong to ban opium. In 1840, the British launched the Opium War. He organized the soldiers and civilians to resist heroically and was an outstanding national hero in modern China. At the same time, he is also China's "first person to look at the world" and is known as a pioneer in modern history.

Lin Zexu’s tomb is located in Ma’an Village, four kilometers north of Fuzhou City. It is a national key cultural relic protection unit. The tomb site is between Wufeng Mountain and Jinshi Mountain, surrounded by green trees and a quiet environment. The tomb is built of Sanhe earth, with a width of 14.6 meters and a depth of 37 meters. The sealing earth is raised and shaped like an overturned cauldron. The tomb has five floors. The fifth floor is the worship platform. In the middle of the platform, there is a horizontal bluestone tablet with the inscription fifty-six. The characters are written in eleven lines. When reading, you must start from the middle line, then read to the left, then read to the right, and then read left and right. The article says: "In the Emperor Qing Dynasty, he was granted the title of senior official and was responsible for the salt administration of Huaihe River. He was the former inspector of Jiangsu Province, Lin Gong of Yanggu, and his wife was Mrs. Chen. The male was Shaogong Mu, and the wife was Mrs. Zheng. The male was Yu Rengong, and the wife was Li Ruren Shouyu. "It was the first time that an inscription was written in this way."

Lin Zexu Ancestral Hall is located on Macao Road, Nanhou Street, Fuzhou City. It is a provincial cultural relic protection unit. It was renovated from an old house purchased by Lin Zexu's descendants and Fuzhou gentry in the 31st year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1905). The ancestral hall covers an area of ??more than 3,000 square meters, including Yimen Hall, Royal Stele Pavilion, Shude Hall, Quchi Tower, North and South Flower Hall and other buildings. Each of the three stone tablets in the imperial stele pavilion is engraved with the "imperial edict" of Emperor Xianfeng's condolences to Lin Zexu's family. The content is to restore Lin Zexu's honorary status, posthumously make him the prince and tutor, and grant Lin Zexu's two sons official positions. The other two pieces are respectively engraved with the "Imperial Sacrifice Inscription" and the "Imperial Stele", which record the process of Emperor Xianfeng's "rehabilitating" Lin Zexu. It is a precious material for studying the modern history of China.

The ancestral hall was renovated in 1982 and expanded into the Lin Zexu Memorial Hall, which exhibits "Lin Zexu's life story", "Lin Zexu and the Opium War", "Lin Zexu and disaster relief and water conservancy", "The first person to see the world from a broad perspective", " Lin Zexu's handwriting" and other contents.

In addition, Lin Zexu’s birthplace and childhood reading place at No. 8 and 9 Zuoyingsi Lane, Fuzhou City, Lin Zexu’s former residence on Wenzaoshan North Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou City, and Lin Zexu’s initiative in 1828 during the death of his father He also presided over the dredging of the West Lake in Fuzhou. The West Lake Guizhai where he lived by the lake is a municipal cultural relic protection unit. There is also an inscription on the cliff of Lin Zexu, who visited Shengshan Mountain with his juniors Guo Bancang and Li Xing when he resigned from office in 1850, the 30th year of Daoguang reign of the Qing Dynasty (1850). It is now well preserved behind the Shengshan Temple in Shengshan Village, Xindian Town, northern suburbs of Fuzhou.