It used to mean that students were respectful and respectful. This is a metaphor for respecting teachers. It is a metaphor for eagerness to learn and respect for knowledgeable elders.

Idiom story

Original text

Yang Shi's character is neutral, and the southern sword will make people happy. Young and clever, he can belong to (2) literature, slightly longer, and concentrates on (9) classics and history. In the ninth year of Xining, he won the rank of Jinshi. At that time, Cheng Hao and his younger brother Yi from Henan Province taught about Confucius and Meng Jue's studies in Xi and Feng, and scholars from He and Luo learned from them. At that time, the transferred official did not go, but met him with courtesy as a teacher (3) Hao Yu Yingchang, and they got along very well. When he returned, Hao saw him off and said, "I'm on my way to the south." Hao died in four years. When he heard about it, he set up his position and cried at the door of his dormitory, and went to tell his classmates in letters. At that time, I saw (3) Cheng Yi in Luo again. Gai was forty years old at that time. One day I saw Yi, Yi was sitting quietly (4), and then I stood with You Zuo (5) and did not go (6). When Yi woke up (7), the snow was one foot deep outside the door. As his reputation grew stronger, people from all over the world traveled thousands of miles to visit him, and they called him Mr. Guishan.

Notes

1. Selected from "History of Song Dynasty·Biography of Yang Shi".

2. Genus (zhǔ): writing.

3. Meet: See you.

4. Sitting in silence: taking a nap.

5. Shili: Stand aside respectfully.

6. Go: leave.

7. Yi Jijue: Cheng Yi has woken up. Both: probably.

8. See.

9. Be dedicated and deep.

Translation

Yang Shi, whose courtesy name is Zhongli, is from Jiannan Jiangle. When he was young, he was extremely smart and good at writing articles. When I got a little older, I concentrated on studying classics and history books. In the ninth year of Xining in the Song Dynasty, he passed the Jinshi title. At that time, Cheng Hao and his younger brother Cheng Yi from Henan taught the academic essence of Confucius and Mencius (i.e. Neo-Confucianism) during the Xining and Yuanfeng years. Scholars from Luoyang, Henan and other places went to worship them as their teachers. When Yang Shi was transferred to be an official, he did not go there. In Yingchang, he worshiped Cheng Hao as his teacher according to the ceremony of apprenticeship. The teacher and student got along very well. When Yang Shi came home, Cheng Hao watched him off and said, "My doctrine will spread to the south." Four years later, Cheng Hao passed away. When Yang Shi heard about it, he set up a memorial ceremony for Cheng Hao in his bedroom. , and people who use letters to obituary their classmates. After Cheng Hao died, he went to Luoyang to visit Cheng Yi. Yang Shi was about forty years old at this time. One day I visited Cheng Yi. Cheng Yi was sitting with his eyes closed. Yang Shi and his classmate You Zuo stood outside the door and did not leave. When Cheng Yi woke up, the snow outside the door was already more than a foot deep. Yang Shi's virtue and prestige were growing day by day, and people from all over the world traveled thousands of miles to travel with him. His nickname was Mr. Guishan.

Source of the story

The idiom "Cheng Men Li Xue" is a household name. It comes from the story of Yang Shi, a native of Le County, who was a famous Neo-Confucian scholar in the Song Dynasty.

Yang Shi was smart since he was a child. He went to the village to study at the age of four. He could write poems at the age of seven and compose poems at the age of eight. He was known as a child prodigy. When he was fifteen years old, he studied classics and history, and in the ninth year of Xining, he was on the Jinshi list. He was determined to write books and lectures throughout his life. He gave lectures in many places and was very popular. When he was at home, he devoted himself to studying, writing and teaching at Hanyun Temple and Guishan Academy for a long time.

One year, when Yang Shi was on his way to Liuyang County, he took the trouble to make a detour to Luoyang to pay homage to Cheng Yi in order to further his studies. One day, Yang Shi was traveling with his school friend. Because they had different views on a certain question, in order to get a correct answer, they went to the teacher's house to ask for advice.

It was the middle of winter, the weather was cold and the ground was freezing, and there were thick clouds. Halfway through their journey, the wind was blowing hard, the snow was falling, and the cold wind was pouring into their collars unbridled. They wrapped their clothes tightly and hurried on. When I arrived at Cheng Yi's house, I happened to see my husband sitting by the stove, meditating and relaxing. Yang Shi and Yang Shi did not dare to disturb the teacher, so they stood respectfully outside the door, waiting for their husband to wake up.

At this time, the distant mountains are like jade clusters, the woods are like silver makeup, and the houses are also decorated in pure white. One of Yang Shi's feet was frozen and he was shivering from the cold, but he still stood respectfully. After a long time, Cheng Yi woke up and found Yang Shi standing in the wind and snow from the window. He was covered with snow, and the snow under his feet was more than a foot thick. He quickly got up to welcome them into the house.

Later, Yang Shi learned the true meaning of Cheng Men Lixue. Southeast scholars praised Yang Shi as the "authentic Cheng Xue" and was known as "Mr. Guishan" in the world. Since then, the story of "Cheng Men Li Xue" has become a beautiful story through the ages about respecting teachers and respecting morality.

Meaning

Etiquette is a code of conduct for self-discipline and respect for others. It is a process and means to show respect and understanding for others. The ancients said: "If you don't learn etiquette, you can't stand up." Civilized etiquette is not only a reflection of personal quality and upbringing, but also a reflection of personal morality and social ethics.