Yan Hui (52 1— 48 1) was born in Luqufu at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. Among Confucius' disciples, Confucius praised him the most, not only for his "studiousness" but also for his "benevolence". Scholars of all ages praised him, and Confucian scholars in Song and Ming Dynasties were better at "seeking holes to amuse themselves". Yan Hui is the most proud disciple of Confucius, with profound knowledge. But God is jealous of talents, and Yan Hui, Confucius' favorite pupil, died a long time ago. As a result, when he died, Confucius was so sad that he even cried, "The sky is gone, the sky is gone!" Even his students ask Confucius, why is the teacher so miserable? Confucius replied, If you don't grieve for people like Yan Hui, who else will you grieve for? Lu Aigong asked Confucius: Who is the best student among your disciples? Confucius said without thinking: There was a studious man named Yan Hui. He didn't vent his anger on others, and he didn't make the same mistake. Unfortunately, he died young. There is no such studious person as Yan Hui now. Seeing that Confucius spoke highly of Yan Hui, we should know what an excellent student Yan Hui was.
When we mention Yan Hui, we can all recall the scene of his conversation with Confucius. Yan Hui and Confucius are not only teachers and students, but also friends. Yan Hui's thoughts and ideals won the appreciation of Confucius, who could grasp the teacher's inner thoughts. Whenever he and his teacher's heart become one, Confucius will smile and nod. There are not many such students, so few people can read himself. Yan Hui is one of them. The Analects of Confucius Yong Ye said that he "... only ate once, only drank once, and when he was in the humble lane, he couldn't bear his worries, but he didn't change his fun when he returned ...". Maybe Yan Hui's background is not particularly good. He lives in a humble alley with a basket of rice and a ladle of water. Others can't stand this poverty, but Yan Hui enjoys himself. Confucius was full of praise for this. He even said, "It's good to be back."
Modest and studious, "not angry, not jealous." Yan Hui studies very hard. "People who are not lazy will come back!" Confucius means: Yan Hui is probably the only one who listens to my stories and is always absorbed. Any good student can do it, listen carefully in class, finish the homework assigned by the teacher on time and respect the teacher. It is not enough to be called a good student. Yan Hui is not only eager to learn, but also able to draw inferences from others and put forward his own ideas in the face of teachers' questions. For Confucius' knowledge, he can master its spiritual essence and achieve mastery and consistency. Confucius' so-called reading is not just rote learning. When Yan Hui traveled around the world with Confucius, he encountered the chaos of Kuangqu and was in distress between Chen and Cai, and others all doubted Confucius' theory, but Yan Hui never wavered and explained it. "Teachers have lofty ideals and profound knowledge, so they are not understood and adopted by the general world. This is their shame. " Confucius was very happy to hear that. Because Yan Hui really grasped the core of Confucius' thought and read the teacher's mind, how could such a student Confucius not like it?
Yan Hui is famous for its virtue. In strict accordance with Confucius' requirements of "benevolence" and "courtesy", we are "sensitive to things and cautious about words". Therefore, Confucius often praised Yan Hui's four virtues as gentlemen, that is, they are stronger than doing righteousness, weaker than remonstrating, eager to be generous, and cautious about governing themselves. Yan Hui was impressed by Confucius' theory. In his own words, he called it "the higher the yang, the stronger the drill". Confucius said: Yan Hui didn't help him, and he was not completely convinced of what he said. Yan Hui, respect the teacher, obedient to the teacher. Although Confucius was worried that he would lose his mind and become inflexible, he secretly observed Yan Hui's conversation with others. He found that Yan Hui could not only explain his theory well, but also give full play to Confucius' words, so he said, "If you are not stupid, you can recover.".
Yan Hui's faithfulness masked his intelligence and thoughtfulness to a certain extent, and even Confucius could hardly determine what level Yan Hui's talent belonged to. "The Analects of Confucius is a government" records: "Confucius said:' I talk back all day long, and I don't disobey it, like a fool. If you retire, it is enough to keep your privacy, and it is not stupid to retire. ""Yan Hui's talent is very intelligent, even the eloquent Zi Gong frankly dare not compare with Yan Hui. The Analects of Confucius Gongye Chang records: "Confucius said, Zigong said,' Which is better, female or female?' Yes:' How dare you turn back if you give it? When you return, you know ten things, and when you give, you know two things. "Confucius said:' Buddha is as good as it is; My daughter and I are very much alike. " "
In the eighth year of Lu (502 BC), Yan Hui, a student of Confucius, aged 14, married Dai Shi, a woman of the Song Dynasty, and was born the following year. Yan Hui had a lot to learn from his students to his father, and Confucius admired him. In the first stage of his life, Yan Hui entered Confucius at the age of thirteen, and his studies were basically completed in about six years. Lang Kai of the Eastern Han Dynasty said: Yan Zi was "eighteen years old, and the world died". /kloc-proposed at the age of 0/9, married Dai at the age of 20, and was born at the age of 2 1.
When Yan Hui traveled around the world with his teacher, his son Yan Xin was only five years old. He is a disciple of Confucius. Even so, he followed Confucius and publicized Confucianism. Later, Yan Hui became a teacher herself. Teach students and six classics through their own lectures; By assisting Confucius in sorting out ancient books, he gradually expanded his influence and formed a Confucian school-Yan's Confucianism. Han Feizi pointed out that Confucianism was divided into eight schools after the death of Confucius, and "Yan's Confucianism" was one of them. Most Confucian experts in later generations believe that Yan's Confucianism mentioned by Han Feizi refers to the Confucian school developed by Yan Hui disciples on the basis of inheriting Yan's thought.
As a thinker, Confucius certainly wants to see his theory adopted and popularized by other countries, while as a teacher, Confucius and Yan Hui have the same wish, and "a garden full of flowers" is their most desired sight.