The advantage of this idea is that the small country and few people theorists exposed the oppression of the rulers on the people, condemned the extravagant life of the ruling class, opposed the war and criticized the society at that time, which should be affirmed to a certain extent.

Its shortcomings: the theory of "a small country with few people" politically denies the emergence of a big country with a vast territory and a large population, economically denies the emergence and development of new classes, new technologies and cultural knowledge, and attempts to regress to an ignorant primitive society and lead a quiet life of "nurturing beauty with sweetness", reflecting the passive retreat of intellectuals from the declining aristocratic class in the face of social and economic development and new things. It embodies the conservatism and passivity of Taoist political and economic thought.