There is a rough Dadu River in front of the Red Army, which is a natural barrier. On the other side of the river, there is the main force of the Sichuan army to stop it. At this time, the Red Army was caught between Scylla and Charybdis, and it was completely annihilated.
In such a dangerous situation, Chairman Mao was also very anxious. He stood by the river and kept smoking, thinking of ways to escape.
In the middle of the night, an old scholar over eighty years old came to the station and had a heart-to-heart talk with Chairman Mao. They talked for a long time before the old scholar left.
When he left, the old scholar specially said a word to Chairman Mao, solemnly telling him to remember and never forget.
No one expected that it was this old scholar's words that enabled the 20,000 Red Army to successfully cross the Dadu River and break through the enemy blockade.
It can even be said that the old scholar's words saved 20,000 Red Army and the China Revolution. So what did the old scholar mean by this sentence? What did Chairman Mao do at that time?
If you want to know this, you must start from the Long March.
17 Warriors crossing the Dadu River
1934 10 Due to the wrong command of Bo Gu, Li De and others, the Red Army failed in its fifth counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression" and the Long March began.
During the whole Long March, the Red Army crossed many rivers, and each crossing was extremely difficult, and the difficulty was unimaginable for ordinary people.
It can be said that every crossing the river is a difficult test of life and death for the Red Army. I wonder how many soldiers died heroically when crossing the river. Let me briefly talk about the big river that the Red Army crossed during the Long March.
At the beginning of the Long March, it was Bo Gu Kailai and Li De who led the Central Red Army. They commanded the Red Army to cross the Xiangjiang River and started the extremely tragic Xiangjiang Campaign.
In this battle, although the Red Army successfully crossed the Xiangjiang River and broke through the fourth blockade of the Kuomintang, the Central Red Army also paid the heaviest price since the Long March.
More than 80,000 Red Army troops left the base area, which was directly reduced to more than 30,000 after World War I, and the whole Xiangjiang River was dyed red.
However, it is precisely because of this tragic World War I that cadres and soldiers fully realized the serious mistakes made by Bo Gukai and others in leadership and demanded a change of leadership.
Subsequently, at the suggestion of Chairman Mao, the Central Red Army changed its original route and chose to cross the Wujiang River to Zunyi.
Finally, under the correct command of Chairman Mao, the Red Army successfully crossed the Wujiang River and reached Zunyi, once again breaking through the enemy blockade.
Then there is the Zunyi meeting, which is of great significance. Chairman Mao's leadership was successfully established, and the China Revolution turned the corner.
Later, under the command of Chairman Mao and others, the Central Red Army crossed Chishui four times, beating hundreds of thousands of enemies around it, and even scared Chiang Kai-shek, who was supervising the war in Guiyang, to escape at any time.
It can be said that the four crossings in Chishui changed the Red Army from passive to active, completely shattered Chiang Kai-shek's plot to annihilate the Red Army on the Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan border, and naturally made Chiang Kai-shek even more angry and determined to annihilate the Red Army.
Later, Chairman Mao led the Central Red Army to skillfully cross the Jinsha River, continued northward to reach the right bank of the Dadu River, and prepared to cross the Dadu River into the northwest of Sichuan.
Chiang Kai-shek certainly didn't want to let the Red Army go. On the one hand, he sent an urgent telegram to Xue Yue, asking him to lead the main force of the Kuomintang to pursue the Red Army. On the other hand, he ordered the main force of the Sichuan Army to stop the Red Army on the left bank of the Dadu River in an attempt to use the natural barrier attack of the Dadu River to destroy the Red Army.
It can be said that the Red Army is in a very unfavorable position at this time. After that, there was the main pursuit of the national army. Before that, there was the natural barrier of the Dadu River and the main containment of the Sichuan Army. Breakthrough is very difficult. Chiang Kai-shek even rightfully clamored to make the Central Red Army "the second in Shi Dakai".
Shi Dakai is the wing king of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and his initial experience has many similarities with the Central Red Army at this time.
1863 In May, facing the pursuit of the Qing army, Shi Dakai led his troops across the Jinsha River and reached the Dadu River, but he failed to cross the river in the end and ended up defeated and killed.
The Central Red Army also reached the Dadu River in May, but it faced many enemy troops. The river course of the Dadu River was more dangerous and it was extremely difficult to cross the river.
Because of this, Chiang Kai-shek was so confident that he could wipe out the Red Army in Dadu River and make it "the second in Shi Dakai".
But Chairman Mao is not Shi Dakai, nor is the Red Army the Taiping Army, but the great people's army. No matter what difficulties you encounter, you can successfully overcome them, and Chiang Kai-shek's delusion is shattered.
On the evening of May 24th, the Central Red Army arrived at Anshun Field on the right bank of Dadu River, where two companies of Sichuan Army were stationed, and a battalion of Sichuan Army was stationed at the ferry crossing the river. Their task is to stop the Red Army from crossing the river.
That night, the Red Army first launched a feint at the lower reaches of the ferry to attract the enemy's attention, and then Yang Dezhi rate 1 battalion approached Anshun Field quietly in the rain.
Under the cover of rain, the soldiers suddenly attacked, wiped out the enemy in only 20 minutes, successfully captured Anshun Field, and found a wooden boat nearby that could cross the river.
Subsequently, the Red 1 regiment selected 17 soldiers formed a commando team to prepare for crossing the Dadu River.
On the morning of 25th, Liu personally arrived at the command position, and 17 Warriors set out on a wooden boat at 7 o'clock and began to cross the Dadu River.
In order to cover them, the Red Army on the shore launched a fierce attack on the enemy on the other side with light and heavy weapons. Gunner Zhao Zhangcheng hit the enemy with two mortars, scaring him out of sight.
At the same time, the soldiers of the commando braved the bullets and marched bravely in the rapids, but just as they were approaching the other side, the Sichuan army on the shore attacked the ferry.
At this time, the Red Army fired two more shots, all of which hit the Sichuan Army, and the commando team took the opportunity to land successfully.
Subsequently, under the cover of the red army's artillery fire, 17 commando soldiers fought bravely to kill the enemy, repelled the repeated counterattacks of the Sichuan army, and finally successfully controlled the ferry.
After that, the Red Army sent troops to reinforce the crossing, wiped out an enemy battalion in one fell swoop and completely took control of the ferry.
In this way, the Red Army successfully crossed the natural barrier Dadu River, which was impossible for the Kuomintang to cross.
But at this time, the problem has not been solved, and the Red Army is still in extreme danger, because only a few soldiers have crossed the Dadu River and the main force of the Red Army is still in Anshun Field. What's going on here?
The old scholar gave advice, and the Red Army was divided into two ways.
In fact, because there are no ships, the main force of the Red Army stays in Anshun Field. At that time, the Red Army had only a few ships, one of which was just snatched from the enemy.
wooden boat
Because the Dadu River is fast-flowing, there are often big waves, and the river bank is very wide, it takes at least one hour to go back and forth, and it can transport dozens of people at a time. It takes more than one day and one night to transport all the red balls to the opposite side.
In this way, it will take about a month for the 20 thousand Red Army to cross the Dadu River.
However, at this time, let alone a month, that is, a few days without the Red Army. Behind them, Xue Yue and the main force of the Kuomintang are chasing around the clock.
If we catch up, the main force of the Red Army will be wiped out, so the soldiers tried to bridge the Dadu River, but the river was too fast, and the soldiers tried many times and failed. The red army seems to be in a desperate situation again.
Faced with this situation, everyone can't help worrying. Chairman Mao and others stayed up all night thinking about what to do next.
At this critical moment, Li Fuchun, acting director of the Political Department, found Chairman Mao. He said that he visited an old scholar named Song Dashun in town and witnessed Shi Dakai's defeat in Dadu River.
Chairman Mao was very happy when he heard Li Fuchun's words. He hurriedly invited an old scholar overnight.
In fact, according to past habits, Chairman Mao would personally meet the old scholar, but this time he didn't, because Chairman Mao had just walked a long way and his feet were bleeding.
Moreover, commanding soldiers to cross the river in the past two days has made Chairman Mao physically and mentally exhausted and almost unable to walk, which is also the reason for inviting old scholars.
Song Dashun, an old scholar, is over 90 years old, but he is not angry because he was invited by Chairman Mao overnight.
This is because he saw with his own eyes that in the days when the Red Army arrived in Anshunchang, not only did the people commit crimes in autumn, but they also actively helped farmers and even distributed the seized grain to the poor.
This made Song Dashun understand that the Red Army is a good team and a team that he should help.
So after seeing Chairman Mao, Song Dashun quickly told the story of Shi Dakai's defeat and said to Chairman Mao very sincerely.
"At the beginning, Shi Dakai had a great chance to cross the Dadu River. First, he sent people across the river, but he brought them back. In addition, he held a three-day banquet for the children of his concubines. These wasted a lot of time and led to being surrounded by Qing soldiers. He had to choose to cross the Dadu River when it rose, which led to his failure. "
Hearing Song Dashun's words, Chairman Mao was deeply moved. Then he told Song Dashun about the current predicament of the Red Army and asked sincerely.
"The old man is really insightful. In his opinion, how should we cross the river? "
After listening to this, Song Dashun pondered for a moment and said, "If only a few boats are used, it is really impossible to cross the river from Anshunchang before the enemy arrives."
Chairman Mao nodded, and Song Dashun said what he thought, which is why he had such a headache.
Song Dashun continued, "But Anshun Chang can't do it, but it is possible to do it in a place on the upper reaches of the Dadu River."
As soon as Song Dashun's voice fell, Chairman Mao hurriedly asked, "Where?"
Song Dashun replied: "There is a Luding Bridge in the upper reaches of the Dadu River, which was built during the reign of Kangxi. If you pass there, it's not a problem. However, the Luding Bridge is 300 miles away. If the Red Army wants to arrive in time, I am afraid it will suffer a lot. "
Chairman Mao was very happy after hearing this. He immediately smiled and said, "Red Army soldiers are not afraid of suffering. Thank you very much this time. You saved 20 thousand Red Army. "
Having said that, Chairman Mao was ready to command troops to Luding Bridge, and Song Dashun was also ready to leave.
However, before leaving, Song Dashun once again held Chairman Mao's hand tightly and said affectionately, "The Red Army must not stay on this road."
After Chairman Mao heard this sentence, he was stunned at first, and then he impressed this sentence deeply in his heart. He immediately understood the true meaning of this sentence.
Since Song Dashun knew about Luding Bridge, so did the Sichuan Army. So once the Red Army marched on Luding Bridge, the Sichuan Army would understand the purpose of the Red Army and seize Luding Bridge before them.
Therefore, Song Dashun told Chairman Mao that the Red Army must not stay along the way, otherwise it would be really desperate if the Sichuan army rushed to Luding Bridge to lay heavy troops first.
So Chairman Mao held an emergency military meeting overnight and discussed in detail the plan to go to Luding Bridge.
On the morning of 26th, Chairman Mao, Zhu De and others * * * issued a plan to capture Luding Bridge, and the detailed deployment was divided into two ways. Liu Bocheng led the right army to continue crossing the river in Anshunchang.
The Left Army is the main force of the Red Army. Instead of crossing the river, they went north along Anshun Field one step ahead and occupied Luding Bridge before the enemy.
The Fourth Regiment of the Second Red Division of the Left Army is the vanguard, and the arduous task of capturing Luding Bridge falls on them.
Luding Bridge is 0/60km away from Anshunchang/KLOC-.Almost all roads are mountain roads, which are very rugged, but the Red Fourth Corps only has three days to complete this task.
All the soldiers know how difficult the task is, but no one is afraid.
240 miles around the clock, successfully captured Luding Bridge.
On the morning of May 27th, Yang Chengwu led the Red Fourth Regiment to set off from Anshun field. They had to seize Luding Bridge before 30th, so every soldier worked hard all the way and didn't dare to relax.
But these soldiers' feet have long been bleeding, and there are narrow paths and cliffs all the way, so every step is very painful for them.
But no one stopped. Compared with their revolutionary beliefs, physical pain is nothing.
However, the Red Fourth Regiment had just walked more than 30 miles when the enemy on the other side of the Dadu River found them and shot at them.
In order to avoid the soldiers being injured, the Red Fourth Regiment had to detour to climb the mountain and take many more roads, but there were still many enemy troops blocking it along the way.
On the first day alone, the Red Fourth Regiment won two battles. Although the battle was won, it wasted a lot of time for the soldiers, so the troops marched only 40 kilometers that day.
In the early morning of the 28th, the Red Fourth Army Corps received an urgent telegram shortly after its departure, and the Central Military Commission demanded that the Luding Bridge must be taken on the 29th.
But at this time, the Red Fourth Regiment has to walk 120 km to reach Luding Bridge, which means that they have to walk for two days a day. The soldiers all know how arduous this task is in the face of the enemy's blocking.
But no one complains, because they understand how dangerous the Central Red Army is at this time. Only when they seize Luding Bridge earlier will the Central Red Army be safer.
So the soldiers sped up again in the rain, completely forgetting the pain on their bodies, and walked faster and faster, as if they were not tired at all.
During the day, they also met many enemy snipers, but it rained heavily and foggy that day, and the enemy couldn't see them at all. The soldiers of Gongsi Regiment successfully annihilated the enemy, running all the way, with the help of cover.
In the evening, the soldiers who didn't eat for a day didn't stop to rest, but continued to travel all night. They ate and moved forward for fear of losing some time.
After walking for a while, the Red Fourth Regiment found that there were enemy troops on the other side, and they were all burning torches.
The officers and men of the Red Fourth Regiment immediately thought of a way. He hurriedly asked the soldiers to make torches and light them like on the other side.
The enemy on the other side found them at once, but because the enemy could not see clearly at night, he asked loudly.
"What troops are you?"
The trumpeter in the Red Fourth Regiment immediately blew the enemy's contact signal, and then asked the soldiers from Sichuan to answer loudly with the enemy prisoners.
"Scorpion soldiers are not all for the bridge. You said it was the scorpion army. "
Hearing this, the enemy really regarded the Red Fourth Regiment as their own troops, and marched together for twenty or thirty miles on both sides of the Dadu River.
At midnight, the flame on the other side disappeared. It turned out that the enemy was fed up and stopped to have a rest.
The officers and men of the Red Fourth Regiment immediately asked the soldiers to put out the torches and pretended to be resting. In fact, they were quietly attacking Luding Bridge.
At 6 o'clock on the morning of May 29, the Red Fourth Regiment successfully arrived at the west bank of Luding Bridge and annihilated the enemy troops stationed there.
This means that they walked a full 240 miles a day and a night, which is a miracle.
After all, they didn't take a smooth road, but a rugged mountain road, which was blocked by many enemies along the way, but they could walk 240 miles in one day and night. How can this not be a miracle?
After arriving at Luding Bridge, the soldiers of the Red Fourth Regiment immediately began a careful investigation, and then a 22-member commando team was formed.
Luding Bridge is more than 30 meters high, and nearly 100-meter-long wooden boards have also been torn down by the enemy, leaving only 13 iron cables, which ordinary people simply can't cross.
In addition, on the opposite side of the bridge, there are enemies approaching the two regiments. Armed with light and heavy machine guns, they stopped the Red Fourth Regiment from crossing the bridge. In their view, it is impossible for the Red Army to cross the bridge.
But then the Red Army soldiers once again created a miracle, which made all the enemies feel extremely afraid.
At 4 o'clock in the afternoon, the Red Fourth Regiment launched a general attack, and the soldiers of the whole regiment opened fire on the enemy on the other side. Twenty-two commandos were armed with guns, broadswords on their backs and 12 grenades around their waists. They stepped on the chain and charged the enemy under the bullets.
Behind them were soldiers from Company 3, each with a plank in his hand, paving the way and bridging the bridge while charging.
Under the fierce charge of the Red Army soldiers, the enemy quickly lost its position, and the commando soldiers were about to reach the other side of the bridge.
But at this moment, the enemy jumped over the wall and burned the bridge, trying to stop the soldiers from crossing the bridge in this way.
At the moment, smoke billowed from the bridge, and a sea of fire blocked the way of the commandos.
At this time, the commando captain Liao Dazhu shouted and rushed directly into the sea of fire. His body caught fire at once, but he was not afraid. He threw away his hat and went on.
Other soldiers, like Liao Dazhu, rushed through the sea of fire and launched an extremely tragic street battle with the enemy.
At this time, the soldiers of the Third Company also paved the bridge, and all the soldiers of the Red Fourth Regiment crossed the Luding Bridge and fought fiercely with the panicked enemy.
Two hours later, the Red Fourth Regiment successfully defeated the enemy and captured Luding Bridge.
They once again created a miracle, completed the task assigned by the Central Military Commission on time, and successfully won the Luding Bridge on the 29th.
Subsequently, the main force of the Red Army successfully crossed the Luding Bridge, completely smashing Chiang Kai-shek's attempt to make the Central Red Army "the second in Shi Dakai".
In this process, the Red Army can create one miracle after another without the help of many people.
It is with the help of many people, Song Likeshun, that the Red Army can break through the encirclement of the enemy again and again and create a miracle of the 25,000-mile long March.
These are all because the Red Army is the people's team, so the people are willing to help the Red Army against the Kuomintang, which is also the reason why the Kuomintang is bound to fail and our party is bound to succeed!
References:
China News Network: Interpreting the Long March (28): How did Mao Zedong praise the Red Army's feat of flying over Luding Bridge?