Rightist, backward, conservative and reactionary forces
Left deviation is radical adventurism, opportunism,
Right deviation is conservatism and capitulationism.
The nouns "left" and "right" were born in the French Revolution at the end of 18.
Left and right
There are two schools in this world, one is the left and the other is the right. During the Cultural Revolution, the political hand made these two factions stand out. At that time, the two factions can be listed as two equations, namely: left = revolution = good, right = counter-revolution = bad. However, at that time, the two factions were not only self-styled, but also appointed by others. Left is left, right is right. Left and right don't necessarily mean good or bad. Rightists can kill people without blinking an eye when they become leftists, and leftists may die miserably when they become Rightists.
Thank God, when I was young during the Cultural Revolution, the left didn't want me, and the high paper hat of the right was too big to buckle on my head. My parents blocked my child's words in the door in various ways, tore them in the wastebasket and burned them in the furnace pond. After the "Cultural Revolution", all schools in the world were leftists. The difference is that many of the original leftists were classified as ultra-leftists, and almost all the original Rightists were rehabilitated. However, I see that many left-leaning people in the past are thinking about the left problem again. In the past, many right-wingers oppressed freshmen as soon as they came up. At that time, I had grown up and didn't want to go to any school.
In the late 1990s, I didn't know the word "new left" until I read some books and surfed the Internet. I often have friends standing next to me, pointing to the names of some authors on the computer screen and saying that this is the new left and this is also the new left. This term is getting bigger and bigger in my mind. Due to historical reasons, the word "Left" in the "New Left" always stimulates me, but I have read some articles of the "New Left" and feel that some of them are different from the so-called Left during the Cultural Revolution, and they are not exactly the same as those who walked along the Cultural Revolution or those who left after the "Right" in their early years.
It is said that there are leftists among the intellectuals in the West, and the leftists in the West can consciously stand on the opposite side of the government, system, society and other power machines and say a few words for the people, justice and some vulnerable groups. In addition, I have read some articles about China's "New Left" in recent years, and found that they are still not as complete as we thought before. Their articles can always see some serious thoughts and unique voices, some of which come from my mind.
If there is a "new left", there should be a "new right", but no one mentioned it. Both the "new left" and the "new right" should be external things. As long as they don't want to monopolize the right to speak in politics or culture, as long as they don't want to control a sense of spiritual superiority, they should pay attention to people, whether their lives are reasonable and whether they are happy. This is the highest standard of whether an organization or faction is valuable in this world. Even if I have certain qualifications and level, if I have the opportunity to join an organization or faction, I still don't want to. People who enter the human world already have a lot of freedom. If you join an organization or faction, you will lose a lot of freedom, which is not up to you. Don't join any organization, don't join any faction, which gives you the right to praise any organization, which also gives you the freedom to criticize any faction.
Praise the good and criticize the evil. This kind of power and freedom are very precious things in the world. Without these, the human world will be unable to move forward. If I am not bound by metal things, I would like to keep this power and freedom. There are many organizations in the world, and someone always has to stand outside and pay attention to them, listen to what they say and see what they do, praise them when they deserve it, criticize them when they deserve it, and there is no standard. As long as what they say and do is beneficial to the future of all beings, we should dedicate our heartfelt praise to them. As long as their words and deeds are harmful to the future of all beings, we can't give up the right to criticize. Once someone tries to hinder, damage or delay the future of all beings just for his own selfish interests or opinions, no matter what his name is, we should take out our curse and impose it on them in addition to criticizing it.
People, in this world, there will always be pain, cold and hot, and all kinds of human feelings. If they can keep silent in the face of their own pain and sorrow like Jesus, it is great, but if they can sympathize with the public's pain like Jesus and do something to alleviate the pain and increase the public's happiness, it will be even greater. That's not divinity, that's just right.
To paraphrase Mao Zedong, if you do something good for the public today, you will become great. If you don't do anything for the public tomorrow, or even do something harmful to the public, you won't be great, and you will be despised and cursed. I look at all the organizations and factions in the world, and I look at all the people in the world. This is the most important criterion.
Of course, it is not contradictory for a person to safeguard his rights and interests.
The difference between left and right in China at present;
"1" The left advocates that * * * is the same as the rich socialist economy; The right advocates a capitalist economy that makes some people rich.
The left advocates people's democracy and universal suffrage in accordance with the principles of the Paris Commune, and can re-elect and replace national civil servants at any time; The Rightists advocate bourgeois dictatorship, abolish the four freedoms and turn the army into a tool to suppress the people.
"3" leftists advocate universal medical care at public expense, and think that hospitals are social public welfare institutions to heal the wounded and rescue the dying; The Rightists advocate medical industrialization and think that hospitals are tools for capitalists to pursue profits.
The left advocates that all citizens have the right to education; Rightists advocate the industrialization of education, and those who have no money should not go to school;
"5" leftists advocate equality for all and improve the social security system; The Rightists advocate breaking the "big pot" of all social security systems and implementing a hierarchy of the rich and the poor in China.
The "6" leftist advocates protecting workers' rights and implementing the minimum wage law and labor protection law; The Rightists advocate that in order to make some people rich as soon as possible, we should maintain China's "cheap labor advantage" and use dictatorship machines to safeguard the interests of a few people;
The "7" leftist advocates protecting the environment and realizing the harmony between man and nature; Rightists advocate capital appreciation first, and then talk about environmental protection;
The "8" leftist advocates that China needs a political party whose purpose is the interests of the working class; The Rightists believe that the bourgeoisie is the elite of society, and these elites should lead China.
The leftists in "9" believe that a planned market economy should be implemented, so that the social economy can develop more harmoniously; The Rightists believe that a free economy should be implemented and the "invisible hand" should regulate the economy.
"10" leftists believe that democracy is the weapon of the people, and the socialist economy needs democratic politics more; Rightists deceive the people, saying that only the private economy can have democracy, and people with unclear minds can believe it.
Left-right relationship
"The ruling modes of western political parties are mostly left-wing parties with socialist colors and advocating fairness (such as the Democratic Party of the United States, the Socialist Party of France, the Producer Party of * * *, the Labour Party of Britain, etc.). ) and right-wing parties with more capitalist values and advocating efficiency, freedom, democracy and human rights (such as the * * * party in the United States, the League for Defending Democracy in France, the League for Defending * *, and the United Kingdom). Left-wing parties advocating certain socialist values have played a great role in western politics. In some countries, the Socialist Party and the Social Democratic Party have even been in power for a long time, and the right-wing parties cannot match them. "
The relationship between left and right is actually the relationship between left hand and right hand, that is to say, no one can live without anyone. But in the 57-year anti-rightist movement in our country, the left and right became a life-and-death relationship. The result is like a person losing his right hand. Can it be all right?
Therefore, the Rightists should be allowed to exist and a democratic election mechanism should be established. No matter whether it is left or right, whoever has more policy support will be in power, and democratic elections will be held in a few years. Whoever does well will continue to do it, and whoever doesn't do well will be replaced by another school. In this way, the anti-rightist movement of 1957 can be avoided.
Of course, the 57-year anti-rightist movement is understandable, because how can we be willing to lose the power we finally gained through compulsory means? If power is gained by election, I'm afraid I won't be afraid to lose it, because I can get it again by election. In fact, power is given by the people and should serve the people, so if the people disagree and think that your faction is not serving well, then you should give power to other factions. No matter what you get, you will never lose your power, not the idea that power serves the people, but the idea that you should give up.
The so-called distinction between left and right is a product of history, representing different class interests. The term born in the bourgeois revolution was further extended by Marxism. Therefore, clarifying the left and right issues is related to where you stand.
From the standpoint of Marxism, or the proletariat, the so-called left is the person who represents the direction of historical progress, while Marxism points out that socialism will inevitably replace capitalism, so today's left is the person who advocates taking the socialist road. A problem that is often confused with left and right is the distinction between left and right. They also advocate the realization of socialist goals, because their understanding of reality is inconsistent, so they have differences on what measures to take. Those who are behind the actual situation are called right deviation, and those who are ahead of the actual situation are called left deviation. On the one hand, whether it is left or right, it belongs to the left and has a deviation in understanding; On the other hand, whether it is left or right, it will bring harm to the socialist revolution and construction, so we should guard against both left and right. The correct way to help people who have a wrong understanding of the left or right is to help them change their minds. The so-called defense only refers to preventing left or right deviations in strategy, not defending people like thieves, or even treating people as the object of revolution.
For the proletariat, it is the Rightists who advocate capitalism and vigorously defend capitalist society. Because the Rightists tried their best to safeguard the capitalist system and oppose the historical progress of socialism, they represented the force against historical progress. From the standpoint of the bourgeoisie, capitalist society will certainly last for 10 thousand years, so they don't admit that the left advocates socialism. In their view, the leftists may be called Utopians and Utopians. However, there are still disputes on how to safeguard the rights of the capitalist system. The main areas are divided into reformists and defenders (also known as conservatives). If reformists want to get rid of some disadvantages of capitalism and make some improvements, they will inevitably learn from socialism and move closer to socialism, and their policy propositions will inevitably reflect the interests of the middle and lower classes, so they are generally called left wing or left wing. Defenders (or conservatives) demand more to maintain the traditional capitalist free economy and oppose the improvement of capitalism, so their opinions must represent the interests of the upper class more, and are generally called right wing or right wing. But it is often not used to refer to the left and right. For example, the democratic party in the United States is left-wing, but it is usually called liberal, while the right-wing party in the United States is called conservative.
Compared with the concepts of left deviation and right deviation, there are differences between conservative, steady and radical in the specific implementation of policies. For example, the radical right wing strongly opposes the reform of the capitalist system, desperately opposes the reforms that have been carried out and advocates the abolition, which is generally called extreme conservatism, while the radical left wing advocates bold and rapid reforms, which is probably called extreme liberalism. We can see that in today's capitalist world, the opinions of the two factions have become blurred, and they are all moving closer to the middle, that is, conservative conservatives and conservative reformers are moving closer to each other.
In fact, there are differences between leftists and conservatives, moderates and radicals, but this is usually mixed with left and right tendencies, which is not easy to distinguish.
The habit of using "left" or "right" to distinguish factions originated from the third-level meeting of 1789 during the French Revolution.
At that time, in the National Association, Shan Zong was on the left and gironde was on the right.
Shanpai was a revolutionary Democrat in the National Association during the French Revolution, and it was named after sitting at the top of the conference hall. 1792 After gironde withdrew from the jacobin Conference, Shanpai actually became jacobins.
Philosophically speaking, the theory of the unity of subject and object and the combination of theory and practice is correct, and it is correct to implement the line, principles and policies in line with the reality at that time; If we go beyond the objective reality at that time and do something immature, it is left-leaning recklessness (adventurism); If we lag behind the reality at that time and don't do something when conditions are ripe, it is generally called right-wing conservatism (capitulationism).